Deck 4: The Nervous System

Question 1

Which of the following terms is defined as the maintenance of an environment of body functions within a certain range (e.g., temperature, blood pressure)?

A) Apoptosis
B) Homeorhesis
C) Homeostasis
D) Osmosis

Answer 1

Homeostasis

Question 2

Alcohol, a psychoactive drug, inhibits the release of the antidiuretic hormone ________, which causes an increase in the excretion of urine.

A) serotonin
B) dopamine
C) endorphin
D) vasopressin

Answer 2

vasopressin

Question 3

Which of the following is the function of the blood-brain barrier created by glia in the brain?

A) It is an important link between the brain and the hormonal output of the pituitary gland.
B) It opens the bronchi, reduces blood supply to the skin, increases the heart rate, and reduces stomach motility.
C) It regulates the visceral, or involuntary, functions of the body, such as heart rate and blood pressure.
D) It protects the brain from potentially toxic chemicals circulating in the blood.

Answer 3

It protects the brain from potentially toxic chemicals circulating in the blood.

Question 4

Which of the following systems in the human brain tends to act more as a unit and is responsible to open the bronchi, reduces blood supply to the skin, increases the heart rate, and reduces stomach motility?

A) The lymphatic system
B) The sympathetic system
C) The limbic system
D) The enteric nervous system

Question 5

Which of the following regions is located in the medulla oblongata in the brain and is important for triggering nausea and vomiting?

A) The area postrema
B) The choroid plexus
C) The posterolateral sulcus
D) The tuberculum cinereum

Question 6

A(n) ________ is defined as a mechanism in a nerve terminal membrane that is responsible for removing neurotransmitter molecules from the synapse by taking them back into the neuron.

A) interoceptor
B) receptor
C) transporter
D) nociceptor

Question 7

Which of the following statements is true of the functional imaging technique called the positron emission tomography (PET)?

A) It measures the blood oxygen level dependent signal, which can then be used to create a colored statistical map of brain regions active during task activity.
B) It is noninvasive and does not require the injection of radioactive chemicals into the bloodstream.
C) It gives real-time information about changes in brain blood flow and provides an indirect measure of neuron activity in specific brain regions.
D) It provides one with a direct measure of brain activity and an indirect measure of potential toxicity to specific neurons.