Deck 7: Administrative Reform

Question 1

Total quality management is most associated with which type of reform?

A) reengineering
B) continuous improvement
C) downsizing
D) e-government

Answer 1

B

Question 2

According to the text, the fundamental precepts of reengineering contradict the fundamental precepts of ______.

A) both downsizing and continuous improvement
B) only continuous improvement
C) only downsizing
D) neither downsizing nor continuous improvement

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Process, product, organization, leadership, and commitment are the tenets of ______.

A) reengineering
B) total quality management
C) downsizing
D) e-government

Answer 3

B

Question 4

According to the text, federal reform efforts have borrowed strategies and ideas from all of the following EXCEPT ______.

A) private companies
B) state governments
C) local governments
D) nonprofit organizations

Question 5

Reengineering focuses on improving organizations from the ______.

A) outside-in
B) bottom-up
C) top-down
D) inside-out

Question 6

Delegation of authority on the basis of expertise and democratic accountability through hierarchical control are the principles found in ______.

A) traditional public administration
B) continuous improvement
C) reengineering
D) downsizing

Question 7

Shrinking government is the goal of which type of reform?

A) e-government
B) downsizing
C) reengineering
D) continuous improvement

Question 8

According to the text, government reform efforts across the globe ______.

A) tend to mix and match downsizing, reengineering, and continuous improvement techniques with little regard for their inherent contradictions
B) tend to mix and match downsizing, reengineering, and continuous improvement techniques with great regard for their inherent contradictions
C) employ only a single approach to reform at one time
D) employ downsizing techniques only after trying continuous improvement techniques

Question 9

The central method used in the continuous improvement approach is ______.

A) process
B) cooperation
C) size
D) top-down

Question 10

Although all governments across the globe are reforming public administration, the most noteworthy and successful transformations have occurred in ______.

A) the United Nations
B) developing nations
C) developed nations
D) communist nations

Question 11

Reinventing government and the Taxpayer Bill of Rights are examples of which type of reform?

A) e-government
B) continuous improvement
C) downsizing
D) reengineering

Question 12

The three approaches to administrative reform that government officials are using at the present time are all of the following EXCEPT ______.

A) downsizing
B) reengineering
C) continuous improvement
D) convergence

Question 13

The fundamental goal of downsizing is to ______.

A) shrink government
B) shrink state, not federal government
C) shrink federal, not state government
D) build interpersonal relationships

Question 14

Process is the fundamental building block of ______.

A) e-government
B) continuous improvement
C) downsizing
D) reengineering

Question 15

What is the most important component of reengineering?

A) process
B) plans
C) budgets
D) policy

Question 16

The recent approaches to public management reform question the bureaucratic orthodoxy based on ______.

A) downsizing
B) authority and hierarchy
C) continuous improvement
D) reengineering

Question 17

Reinventing government was a term taken from the best-selling book by ______.

A) Osborne and Gaebler
B) Kettl and Fesler
C) Gore and Frederickson
D) Hammer and Champy

Question 18

Which movement began at the state level in the mid-1970s?

A) e-government
B) continuous improvement
C) reengineering
D) downsizing

Question 19

The fundamental building block of reengineering is ______.

A) total quality management
B) shrinking government
C) process
D) interpersonal relationships

Question 20

Which movement drove Gore's reinventing government efforts more than any other effort?

A) reengineering
B) downsizing
C) continuous improvement
D) e-government

Question 21

Reengineering advocates ______ reform, in direct contrast to continuous improvement, which insists ______ reforms are best to improve organizations.

A) downsizing; upsizing
B) bottom-up; top-down
C) top-down; bottom-up
D) outside-in; inside-out

Question 22

How does reengineering work?

Question 23

The Private Sector Survey on Cost Control is a form of downsizing reform.

Question 24

Briefly describe the downsizing movement.

Question 25

Continuous improvement is most closely associated with ______.

A) a top-down approach
B) size
C) total quality management
D) competition

Question 26

The Balanced Budget and Emergency Control Act is a form of continuous improvement.

Question 27

The Gramm-Rudman Act and the Grace Commission are both examples of which type of reform?

A) downsizing
B) continuous improvement
C) e-government
D) reengineering

Question 28

Downsizing's central focus is on ______.

A) process
B) transparency
C) size
D) cooperation

Question 29

What is reinventing government?

A) the George W. Bush administration's strategy for producing "a government that works better and costs less"
B) the Clinton administration's strategy for producing "a government that works better and costs less"
C) the Clinton administration's strategy for producing "a government that increases private sector participation"
D) the George W. Bush administration's strategy for producing "a government that increases private sector participation"

Question 30

How do motivation reform strategies affect the relationship between management and subordinates?

Question 31

Many federal government reform efforts have sprung from state and local governments.

Question 32

According to the author, reengineering approaches employ both ______ and ______ tactics.

A) procedural; analytical
B) incremental; procedural
C) thoughtless; ineffective
D) procedural; cheap

Question 33

The central ideas of public administration reform tend to come from the private sector.

Question 34

According to proponents of the downsizing of government, what effect would reduction of revenues have?

A) more progressive policy
B) conservation of resources
C) increased efficiency
D) better processes

Question 35

Continuous improvement is focused on ______.

A) process
B) information
C) blunt targets
D) responsiveness

Question 36

According to Deming, costs decline as quality increases.

Question 37

Countries all around the world are mobilizing toward administrative reform and three such countries mentioned by the chapter are ______.

A) Canada, New Zealand, and Japan
B) Italy, Brazil, and Austria
C) Sweden, China, and Colombia
D) Denmark, Chile, and Malaysia

Question 38

The effects of downsizing on the quality and efficiency of government administration are very clear.

Question 39

Which scholar first argued that citizens are not customers, but owners?

A) Gaebler
B) Osborne
C) Frederickson
D) Hammer

Question 40

The transparent performance strategy of government reform was championed by which presidential administration?

A) Ronald Reagan
B) George W. Bush
C) Barack Obama
D) Bill Clinton

Question 41

How was the Clinton-Gore effort to reinvent government supposed to cut costs?

Question 42

Administrative reform is not a phenomenon exclusive to the United States, and in fact, the text mentions many countries undergoing different types of government reform.Select two of the countries mentioned in the text and briefly describe their reform strategies.

Question 43

How can reengineering be problematic? From your perspective, should this deter its use?

Question 44

Fundamentally, how do reengineering and continuous improvement differ?

Question 45

Describe three major downsizing efforts in American government during the late twentieth century.

Question 46

Where have the new methods and approaches to American governmental reform originated? What is your perception of the federal government looking to these sources? Why?

Question 47

Compare and contrast the three major reforms: downsizing, reengineering, and continuous improvements.Which is the strongest type of reform according to the text and why?

Question 48

Describe the origin, goals, and assumptions of the American governmental reform of continuous improvement.Do you feel that this strategy could be effective for public managers? Why or why not?

Question 49

The downsizing movement is described by the text as the pursuit of certain symbols and certain assumptions about government.Discuss the origins, goals, and assumptions of downsizing paying particular attention to whether it is effective or not.