Deck 33: The Urinary System

Question 1

The nurse is caring for a confused patient who requires bladder training.Which component of the bladder training program can the nurse safely delegate to the nursing assistant?

A) Teaching the patient about a voiding diary
B) Creating a schedule for voiding
C) Creating a schedule for fluids
D) Recording instances of linen changes and fluids offered

Answer 1

Recording instances of linen changes and fluids offered

Question 2

A patient has just returned to the nursing unit after having a renal biopsy.Which intervention is most important to include in the patient's nursing care plan?

A) Keep the patient NPO for the first 4 hours after the procedure.
B) Instruct the patient to avoid laughing and use a pillow to splint when sneezing.
C) Report hematuria immediately.
D) Teach the patient about the importance of limiting fluid intake.

Answer 2

Instruct the patient to avoid laughing and use a pillow to splint when sneezing.

Question 3

When the patient asks why he has so many urinary tract infections (UTIs),the nurse informs the patient that his recurrent UTIs most likely result from which causative factor?

A) Bacteria that colonize in the kidney
B) Viral infections generating debris in the bladder
C) Carelessness in handwashing
D) Spicy foods irritating the bladder wall

Answer 3

Bacteria that colonize in the kidney

Question 4

The nurse is caring for a patient with deteriorating kidney function.Laboratory work indicates 900 mg of uric acid in 24 hours.In addition to administering prescribed medication,which dietary modification should the nurse address?

A) Limit servings of beef to 3-ounce portions.
B) Increase intake of avocados and liver.
C) Avoid yogurt or skim milk.
D) Limit intake of potatoes and pasta.

Question 5

When the nurse is caring for a patient who reports he has blood that begins when he initiates the urine stream and then abates.Based on underlying pathophysiology,the nurse concludes that the hematuria is occurring in which location?

A) In the kidney
B) Above the neck of the bladder
C) In the neck of the bladder
D) In the urethra

Question 6

A patient is scheduled to undergo a cystogram.Which statement indicates that the patient accurately understands the nurse's teaching about prevention of potential complications of the test?

A) "I can have a clear liquid breakfast in the morning before the test."
B) "I will have to have a Foley catheter."
C) "The test uses radioactive fluid to help take special images of my bladder."
D) "I should drink plenty of fluids after the test is over."

Question 7

The nurse is caring for a patient who has been taking a sulfa drug for a urinary tract infection (UTI).Which intervention is most important for the nurse to add to the patient's care plan?

A) Ambulate the patient q shift.
B) Ask the patient about a penicillin allergy.
C) Weigh the patient daily.
D) Increase fluid intake to 1.5 L/day.

Question 8

The nurse reviewing laboratory reports for a patient admitted for acute pyelenophritis.Which finding is most concerning to the nurse?

A) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of 10.5 mg/dL
B) Sodium of 140 mEq/L
C) Potassium of 5.0 mEq/L
D) Creatinine of 2.0 mg/dL

Question 9

The nurse is instructing a patient about use of vaginal weight training.Which technique indicates that the patient accurately understands the nurse's teaching?

A) The patient inserts the largest cone and leaves it in place for 4-hour increments.
B) The patient inserts the smallest cone and performs 10 Kegel exercises before removing it.
C) The patient inserts the smallest cone and holds it in place with muscle tightening for 15 minutes before removing it.
D) The patient inserts the largest cone and attempts to expel it with vaginal muscle tightening.

Question 10

The nurse is caring for a patient who recently had abdominal surgery.Which assessment finding requires the nurse's immediate attention?

A) Bruising near the surgical incision site
B) Report of constipation
C) Abdominal pain of 4/10
D) Urine output of 20 mL in the last hour

Question 11

The nurse cautions the diabetic patient that diabetes affects the blood flow through the kidney.Which statement indicates that the patient understands the nurse's teaching?

A) "Long-term high blood sugars provide an environment for bacteria to grow, which can damage my kidneys."
B) "Diabetes causes changes to blood vessels, which impacts blood flow to my kidneys."
C) "Diabetes causes an immune response and exposes my kidneys to antibody complexes."
D) "Long-term insulin use leads to scarring on the kidneys."

Question 12

In order to keep optimal flow through the urinary system,a person should have a minimum daily intake of how many mL of fluid?

A) 1000 mL
B) 1500 mL
C) 2000 mL
D) 4000 mL

Question 13

The student nurse is attempting to irrigate an indwelling catheter.Which action best indicates that the student nurse accurately understands the correct procedure?

A) The student nurse irrigates using a steady, gentle stream.
B) The student nurse forces solution into the catheter to remove the obstruction.
C) The student nurse pulls back on the plunger if fluid will not enter the catheter.
D) The student nurse counts the amount of irrigation fluid as output.

Question 14

The nurse is caring for a woman suspected of having a vaginal fistula.Which finding supports the potential diagnosis?

A) Pneumaturia
B) Hematuria
C) Oliguria
D) Dysuria

Question 15

The patient confides that sneezing makes her "wet her pants." The nurse recognizes this cardinal sign of which type of incontinence?

A) Urge incontinence
B) Stress incontinence
C) Functional incontinence
D) Overflow incontinence

Question 16

The nurse is collecting data from a patient who complains of having urinary frequency.The nurse should inquire about which dietary habit?

A) Red meat intake
B) Caffeine intake
C) Complex carbohydrate intake
D) Tomato juice intake

Question 17

The nurse explains that when the kidney suffers an autoimmune inflammatory reaction,the glomeruli lose their ability to function effectively.The nurse is describing the etiology of which problem?

A) Glomerulonephritis
B) Renal calculi
C) Hydronephrosis
D) Acute pyelonephritis

Question 18

The nurse is caring for a frustrated patient reports that she still involuntarily voids despite two surgeries to correct incontinence.Which statement indicates that the patient accurately understands the nurse's teaching about incontinence management after surgery?

A) "I will avoid wearing pads that can cause skin breakdown."
B) "I will talk to my health care provider about a pessary."
C) "I will have to have an indwelling catheter."
D) "I will have to have another surgery."

Question 19

How can nephrotoxic drugs such as doxycycline and rifampin cause kidney damage?

A) Bacterial destruction of the nephrons
B) Chemical alterations of glomeruli
C) Necrosis of tubules from reduction of oxygenation
D) "Clumping" of cellular debris from killed bacteria

Question 20

An 85-year-old patient who has been NPO since midnight last night for diagnostic testing just completed the procedure.Which intervention is most important?

A) Inform the patient about the test results.
B) Obtain the patient's weight for comparison to the morning value.
C) Turn the patient every 2 hours.
D) Offer 4 ounces of water or juice every hour.

Question 21

When discussing bladder health with a patient,the nurse emphasizes the importance of regular voiding in a timely manner.Which statement(s)indicate(s)that the patient accurately understands the underlying rationale for this recommendation?

A) "Urinating regularly will prevent prolonged exposure of the bladder wall to harmful wastes."
B) "Allowing my bladder to overfill causes the walls to overstretch."
C) "A full bladder can cause undue strain on the urinary sphincters."
D) "The characteristics of urine can change after being in the bladder for overly extended periods."
E) "Pressure from a distended bladder can cause excessive pressure on my colon."

Question 22

While caring for a patient with an indwelling catheter,which intervention(s)is/are important for the nurse to include in the plan of care?

A) Observe tube placement and note the level of urine in the collection bag.
B) Keep the drainage bag even with the level of the bed.
C) Avoid ambulation until the catheter is discontinued.
D) Use a syringe to deflate the balloon before discontinuing the catheter.
E) Clean the meatus and catheter with soap and water.

Question 23

In order to communicate with the patient more effectively, the nurse clarifies the meanings of some urological terms.Match these terms with their correct definitions.

Urination at night

A)Anuria
B)Oliguria
C)Polyuria
D)Nocturia
E)Hematuria

Question 24

In order to communicate with the patient more effectively, the nurse clarifies the meanings of some urological terms.Match these terms with their correct definitions.

Blood in the urine

A)Anuria
B)Oliguria
C)Polyuria
D)Nocturia
E)Hematuria

Question 25

The basic functional unit of the kidney is the ________.

Question 26

Which statement(s)accurately describe the functions of the kidneys?

A) Regulation of electrolytes
B) Regulation of fluid volume
C) Regulation of blood pressure
D) Secretion of erythropoietin
E) Transportation of urine

Question 27

In order to communicate with the patient more effectively, the nurse clarifies the meanings of some urological terms.Match these terms with their correct definitions.

Diminished urine

A)Anuria
B)Oliguria
C)Polyuria
D)Nocturia
E)Hematuria

Question 28

The nurse explains that the urge to void occurs when the bladder contain as little as ______ mL of urine.

Question 29

In order to communicate with the patient more effectively, the nurse clarifies the meanings of some urological terms.Match these terms with their correct definitions.

High urinary output

A)Anuria
B)Oliguria
C)Polyuria
D)Nocturia
E)Hematuria

Question 30

In order to communicate with the patient more effectively, the nurse clarifies the meanings of some urological terms.Match these terms with their correct definitions.

Absence of urine

A)Anuria
B)Oliguria
C)Polyuria
D)Nocturia
E)Hematuria

Question 31

The nurse is caring for a patient with urinary retention.Which measure(s)should the nurse take when assisting the patient to void?

A) Accompany the patient to the toilet.
B) Offer the patient tea or soda.
C) Provide a warm bath.
D) Discourage the double void technique.
E) Run water in the lavatory.

Question 32

Which age-related change(s)occur(s)in the urinary system?

A) Prostate hypertrophy
B) Decreased renin secretion
C) Decreased bladder muscle tone
D) Enlarged bladder.
E) Increased ability to concentrate urine