Deck 44: Care of Patients with Emergencies, Trauma, and Shock

Question 1

The emergency department nurse is attempting to revive an unconscious,shivering person with extreme hypothermia (rectal temperature of 94° F).The nurse should be most alarmed with which change?

A) The patient's cold ears turn red.
B) The patient stops shivering.
C) The patient's hands clench.
D) The patient's reflexes return.

Answer 1

The patient stops shivering.

Question 2

The nurse is teaching a group of CNAs about the fastest and simplest technique to reduce temperature in a patient with a fever.Which method should the nurse include in the teaching plan?

A) Apply ice packs to the groin.
B) Bathe the patient in tepid water.
C) Remove clothing and bed linen.
D) Give the patient chilled drinks.

Answer 2

Remove clothing and bed linen.

Question 3

The nurse is teaching a CPR class.During the class,the nurse correctly includes which statement when discussing the Good Samaritan Law?

A) The Good Samaritan Law only protects medical professionals from liability.
B) The Good Samaritan Law protects all people from liability.
C) The Good Samaritan Law limits the liability of a medical professional.
D) The Good Samaritan Law defines specific situations in which no liability will occur.

Answer 3

The Good Samaritan Law protects all people from liability.

Question 4

A spectator at the Little League playoffs in August in Texas faints in the sun-drenched stands.His face is flushed and his skin is hot to the touch.What action should the first responder take?

A) Lay the spectator down on the bleacher seat.
B) Help the spectator drink a large iced drink.
C) Seat the spectator upright and shield him from the sun with an umbrella.
D) Move the responder to a shady area, and sprinkle his clothing with water.

Question 5

The nurse cautions that,when cooling down a victim of heatstroke,one must be careful to prevent shivering.Shivering can lead to which complication?

A) A paralytic ileus
B) Cardiac arrhythmias
C) An increase in temperature
D) A seizure

Question 6

The nurse is caring for a conscious patient who has symptoms consistent with hypoglycemia.After a serum glucose reading supports this diagnosis,which substance is preferred to initially increase the patient's glucose level?

A) A carbonated soda
B) A teaspoon of white sugar
C) A glass of milk
D) IV glucose

Question 7

The nurse is reviewing the physician's notes on a patient's chart.The nurse notes that the patient demonstrated Cullen sign.The nurse correctly recognizes that this patient most likely had which manifestation?

A) Sharp flank pain
B) Pain in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen
C) Pain with inspiration
D) A bluish tinge around the umbilicus

Question 8

An 80-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department after being found unconscious in her garage sitting in her car.Which assessment finding is most concerning to the nurse?

A) Temperature, 97.6° F; pulse, 98; and blood pressure, 110/60
B) Oxygen (O₂) saturation of 78%
C) Cherry red mucous membranes
D) Cold extremities

Question 9

A worker in a department store fell through a plate glass window,causing a deep laceration on the right mid-thigh that is pumping bright red arterial blood.Which initial action is most important for the first responder to take?

A) Elevate the leg.
B) Bunch up the worker's shirt and press it against the wound.
C) Press the palm of hand in the groin to compress the femoral artery.
D) Tie the worker's belt tightly around his upper thigh to stop bleeding.

Question 10

A diving accident occurs at the community pool and the victim is conscious and in pain.Which intervention is most appropriate pending the arrival of emergency medical personnel?

A) Position the patient on the side of the pool.
B) Move the patient to the shallow end and cover with a towel
C) Leave the patient in the pool and support with a large float.
D) Leave the patient in the pool and attempt cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).

Question 11

A delivery man comes to the emergency department with dog bites on his legs.He states that the dog ran away after the attack and could not be identified.After treating the bites,the nurse educates the man about which next step?

A) Notification of Animal Control
B) Receipt of immune globulin for passive immunity
C) Receipt of the first of five rabies vaccination injections
D) Infusion of IV fluids

Question 12

The nurse has arrived on the scene of an accident.The victim is conscious and has a large bleeding laceration on his thigh.The nurse uses an available towel to provide compression to the wound.What action should the nurse perform next?

A) Turn the patient to his left side.
B) Elevate the patient's affected leg.
C) Bend the affected leg at the knee.
D) Use the patient's belt as a tourniquet.

Question 13

A drowning victim is brought to shore and is semiconscious and breathing.The camp counselor recognizes that which positioning is the most appropriate for this victim?

A) Supine to receive CPR
B) Supine with knees flexed
C) On the side in recovery position
D) Prone with head turned to side

Question 14

The nurse recognizes which indications of respiratory distress?

A) Gasping
B) Wheezing
C) Stridor
D) Choking
E) Stupor

Question 15

A student nurse is assisting with the care of a 50-year-old man who is being treated in the emergency department for hypothermia.The student asks the charge nurse why the patient is having his heart monitored.How should the nurse best respond?

A) Infusing intravenous (IV) fluids rapidly raise blood pressure (BP) and heart rate.
B) Adrenal output of epinephrine increases in response to cold stress.
C) Lactic acid from pooled blood in the extremities shunts back to the heart.
D) The warming process causes vasodilation.

Question 16

The first responder to an automobile accident finds a victim with a sucking chest wound.What action should the responder take?

A) Tightly bind the injury with a folded magazine and the patient's belt.
B) Place a plastic sandwich bag over the wound and tape on three sides to make a flutter dressing.
C) Turn the patient to the affected side and instruct the patient to deep breathe.
D) Place the patient's hand over the wound and tell the patient to press down.

Question 17

A victim of a knife fight is found lying in a parking lot with a loop of bowel protruding from an abdominal wound.What should the first responder do first?

A) Attempt to replace the bowel back into the abdomen.
B) Wrap the victim's shirt tightly around his body.
C) Cover the evisceration with a plastic shopping bag.
D) Assist the victim to flex his thighs against his abdomen.

Question 18

The nurse is caring for a patient with frostbite.Which assessment findings would lead the nurse to conclude that the patient has second-degree frostbite?

A) Reddened skin with hard white plaques
B) Waxy skin with sensory deficits
C) Reddened skin with milky fluid-filled blisters
D) Waxy skin with blood-filled blisters

Question 19

In the memory prompt for emergency care,ABCDE,what does the "E" represent?

A) End
B) Execute
C) Expedite
D) Expose

Question 20

A restaurant patron sitting at a next table begins to choke and cough.The patron yells,"I'm choking! I can't breathe!" What action should the first responder take?

A) Initiate the Heimlich maneuver immediately.
B) Strike the victim sharply between the scapulae.
C) Encourage the patient to cough and deep-breathe.
D) Offer him a small sip of fluid.

Question 21

The nurse differentiates the types of treatment that are appropriate for each type of shock.Match the type of shock with the type of treatment associated with it.

Administration of vasoconstrictors

A)Cardiogenic shock
B)Hypovolemic shock
C)Anaphylactic shock
D)Neurogenic shock
E)Insulin shock

Question 22

________________ are the organisms most commonly associated with infections leading to sepsis and septic shock.

Question 23

The nurse differentiates the types of treatment that are appropriate for each type of shock.Match the type of shock with the type of treatment associated with it.

Administration of epinephrine

A)Cardiogenic shock
B)Hypovolemic shock
C)Anaphylactic shock
D)Neurogenic shock
E)Insulin shock

Question 24

The nurse differentiates the types of treatment that are appropriate for each type of shock.Match the type of shock with the type of treatment associated with it.

Administration of fluids

A)Cardiogenic shock
B)Hypovolemic shock
C)Anaphylactic shock
D)Neurogenic shock
E)Insulin shock

Question 25

The nurse is instructing a group of 25- to 35-year-old hikers about heatstroke prevention.Which participant drink selection indicates the need for further education?

A) Clear carbonated soda
B) Diet caffeinated cola
C) Water
D) Beer
E) Sugar-sweetened energy drinks

Question 26

The nurse is caring for a patient suspected of having heatstroke.Which findings are consistent with this diagnosis?

A) Bradycardia
B) Tachycardia
C) Irregular pulse patterns
D) Visual disturbances
E) Increased urinary output

Question 27

A neighbor is found slumped over the lawn mower and is unconscious.Arrange the interventions made by the first responder in appropriate order.

Step 1

A)Tell neighbor's wife to call 911.
B)Assess for heartbeat.
C)Initiate CPR if no respiration or circulation can be assessed.
D)Assess for signs of breathing.
E)Shake patient and call name to assess for level of consciousness (LOC).

Question 28

The nurse differentiates the types of treatment that are appropriate for each type of shock.Match the type of shock with the type of treatment associated with it.

Administration of inodilators

A)Cardiogenic shock
B)Hypovolemic shock
C)Anaphylactic shock
D)Neurogenic shock
E)Insulin shock

Question 29

In which situation(s)is moving a victim of an automobile accident necessary?

A) Presence of pooled gasoline
B) Oncoming traffic
C) Submersion in snow
D) Request from the victim to be moved
E) Exposure to hot pavement

Question 30

A neighbor is found slumped over the lawn mower and is unconscious.Arrange the interventions made by the first responder in appropriate order.

Step 2

A)Tell neighbor's wife to call 911.
B)Assess for heartbeat.
C)Initiate CPR if no respiration or circulation can be assessed.
D)Assess for signs of breathing.
E)Shake patient and call name to assess for level of consciousness (LOC).

Question 31

The nurse differentiates the types of treatment that are appropriate for each type of shock.Match the type of shock with the type of treatment associated with it.

Administration of glucose orally or IV

A)Cardiogenic shock
B)Hypovolemic shock
C)Anaphylactic shock
D)Neurogenic shock
E)Insulin shock

Question 32

The home health nurse in Wyoming gives instruction to an 80-year-old patient in the prevention of hypothermia.Which information should the nurse include?

A) Wear multiple layers of clothing.
B) Wear a loose-fitting hat.
C) Move about briskly.
D) Drink warm fluids from a thermos.
E) Wear gloves and earmuffs.

Question 33

A neighbor is found slumped over the lawn mower and is unconscious.Arrange the interventions made by the first responder in appropriate order.

Step 5

A)Tell neighbor's wife to call 911.
B)Assess for heartbeat.
C)Initiate CPR if no respiration or circulation can be assessed.
D)Assess for signs of breathing.
E)Shake patient and call name to assess for level of consciousness (LOC).

Question 34

The nurse counsels a group of young track athletes about heatstroke prevention.Which information should the nurse include?

A) Drink plenty of fluids with high sugar content.
B) Wear lightweight, loose clothing.
C) Practice in the early morning.
D) Rest frequently in cool places.
E) Wear dark-colored clothing to block sun rays.

Question 35

Treatment for frostbite includes which actions?

A) Chafing the hands and fingers gently to reestablish circulation.
B) Immersion of hands and feet in warm water.
C) Wrapping hands in mitten-like dressings to retain warmth.
D) Administering opioids to reduce pain.
E) Elevating affected limbs.

Question 36

A neighbor is found slumped over the lawn mower and is unconscious.Arrange the interventions made by the first responder in appropriate order.

Step 4

A)Tell neighbor's wife to call 911.
B)Assess for heartbeat.
C)Initiate CPR if no respiration or circulation can be assessed.
D)Assess for signs of breathing.
E)Shake patient and call name to assess for level of consciousness (LOC).

Question 37

A neighbor is found slumped over the lawn mower and is unconscious.Arrange the interventions made by the first responder in appropriate order.

Step 3

A)Tell neighbor's wife to call 911.
B)Assess for heartbeat.
C)Initiate CPR if no respiration or circulation can be assessed.
D)Assess for signs of breathing.
E)Shake patient and call name to assess for level of consciousness (LOC).

Question 38

Which physiological differences explain why the older adult is prone to hypothermia?

A) Decreasing appetite with less food intake
B) Increasing subcutaneous fat
C) Decreasing metabolism
D) Increased likelihood of atherosclerosis
E) Decreasing activity level