Deck 9: Christianity

Question 1

The gospel that is thought to have been written for an audience with a Jewish background and thatportrays Jesus as the "new Moses" is

A) the Gospel of Matthew.
B) the Gospel of Mark.
C) the Gospel of Luke.
D) the Gospel of John.

Answer 1

the Gospel of Matthew.

Question 2

The _____ portrays Jesus as the incarnation of God, the divine made visible in human form.

A) Gospel of Matthew
B) Gospel of Mark
C) Gospel of Luke
D) Gospel of John

Answer 2

Gospel of John

Question 3

Identify a true statement about the Gospel of Luke.

A) It is the oldest of the four gospels of the New Testament.
B) It views human life as a struggle between the principles of light and darkness.
C) It speaks repeatedly of the miraculous action of the Spirit of God at work in the world.
D) It is the shortest of the four gospels of the New Testament.

Answer 3

It speaks repeatedly of the miraculous action of the Spirit of God at work in the world.

Question 4

Which of the following refers to Jesus's teachings that include the elements of a love for Godand an ethical call for kindness toward others?

A) the Religious Orders
B) the Two Great Commandments
C) the Seven Sacraments
D) the Acts of the Apostles

Question 5

In Jesus's time, which power controlled Israel?

A) Greece
B) Egypt
C) Persia
D) Rome

Question 6

Which of these books is found in the New Testament?

A) Genesis
B) Samuel
C) Psalms
D) Hebrews

Question 7

As an intriguing confirmation of Jesus's unmarried state, it is now recognized that celibacywas valued by the semimonastic Jewish movement of that era, known as the

A) Zealots.
B) Pharisees.
C) Essenes.
D) Sadducees.

Question 8

An essential part of the teaching of Jesus was to

A) be one with nature.
B) meditate in order to know your true self.
C) find and follow a spiritual teacher.
D) show kindness toward others.

Question 9

When early Christian belief spread outside Israel, it was spread particularly by which missionary?

A) Andrew
B) Paul
C) Amos
D) Augustine

Question 10

Cracks in the unity of Christianity appeared early, but the first great division occurred in 1054, when the bishops of Rome and Constantinople

A) compiled a Bible on which all Christians could agree.
B) differed on the official date of Easter.
C) disagreed, leading to excommunication with each other.
D) moved the capital of the empire to Constantinople.

Question 11

_____ is defined as the Christian rite of initiation that involves immersion in water or sprinkling with water.

A) Baptism
B) Ecumenism
C) Ordination
D) Absolution

Question 12

Easter, as a celebration of the resurrection of Jesus from the dead, is associated with the color

A) red.
B) green.
C) violet.
D) white.

Question 13

According to the New Testament, _____ are letters to early Christians, primarily by Paul.

A) gospels
B) epistles
C) apostles
D) psalms

Question 14

The major Christian rituals, such as baptism and Eucharist, are often called

A) confessionals.
B) rosaries.
C) indulgences.
D) sacraments.

Question 15

Identify a true statement about the New Testament.

A) The New Testament contains the injunction to baptize all nations.
B) The books of the New Testament remain separate from the existing Hebrew scriptures.
C) The New Testament is divided into two parts-the principles and the sacraments.
D) The books of the New Testament were written in English.

Question 16

Following the fall of Rome, Benedictine monks became the missionary force that

A) popularized living an austere lifestyle.
B) assisted in the establishment of a university.
C) helped in the spread of Christianity.
D) aided in the canonization of the Bible.

Question 17

In the context of Christianity and the arts, identify a true statement about the relationshipbetween Christianity and architecture.

A) Protestantism adopted the theatrical Baroque style of architecture that uses contrasts of lightand dark.
B) Early Christians adapted the basilica, a rectangular building used in the Roman Empire as a court of law, for their public services.
C) In the West, after 1140, the Romanesque style arose that included numerous but smallwindows in church designs.
D) The Gothic style, to date, remains the style associated with Eastern Orthodox Christianity.

Question 18

Gothic architecture can be traced back to

A) Persia.
B) Ethiopia.
C) India.
D) Russia.

Question 19

Which of the following statements is true of the Gothic style of architecture?

A) It reflects an imaginative style that has been called Temple Revival.
B) Mormon temples are typical examples of the Gothic style of architecture.
C) It uses contrasts of light and dark, rich colors, marble, and other elegant materials.
D) Pointed arches, high ceilings, elongated towers, and delicate stone carvings are typical ofthe Gothic style of architecture.

Question 20

The Anglican Church represents a form of Protestantism that originated in England under

A) John XXIII.
B) Clement IX.
C) Elizabeth I.
D) Henry VIII.

Question 21

The branch of Christianity that developed and spread in Russia, Bulgaria, Greece, andRomania is called

A) Roman Catholicism.
B) the Eastern Orthodox Church.
C) Lutheranism.
D) the Anglican Church.

Question 22

The body and blood of Jesus are symbolized

A) with the color violet.
B) with the chi-rho symbol.
C) in the Eucharistic sacrament.
D) on the forehead during Lent.

Question 23

In 1054, church power was divided between the Pope in Rome and the Patriarch in

A) Antioch.
B) Constantinople.
C) Jerusalem.
D) Alexandria.

Question 24

In his Edict of Toleration, Constantine decreed that

A) Jews could live outside the ghettos.
B) Christianity could function publicly without persecution.
C) non-Romans could become Roman citizens.
D) Christians could live in Israel.

Question 25

Christianity first spread in territory surrounding the

A) Black Sea.
B) Red Sea.
C) Adriatic.
D) Mediterranean.

Question 26

Lent is a period of preparation before

A) Christmas.
B) Easter.
C) confirmation.
D) baptism.

Question 27

The _____ records that after Jesus's ascension to heaven forty days following hisresurrection, his disciples were gathered, full of fear, wondering what to do next.

A) Book of Genesis
B) Book of Daniel
C) Book of Mark
D) Book of Acts

Question 28

In the context of Christian festivals, which of the following statements is true of the events associated with Easter?

A) Lent is marked by the receiving of ash on the forehead to be reminded of death.
B) Palm Sunday recalls Jesus's resurrection after being crucified.
C) In the Eastern Orthodox Churches, Lent begins with Ash Wednesday.
D) The preparation period for Easter is joyous and is called Advent.

Question 29

_____ is defined as the belief that because God is all-powerful and all-knowing, a human being's ultimate reward or punishment is already decreed by God.

A) Apocalypticism
B) Predestination
C) Ecumenism
D) Redemption

Question 30

Which style of church architecture was embraced by the Catholics in contrast to the moresober style of the Protestant churches?

A) the Neoclassical style
B) the Romanesque style
C) the Baroque style
D) the Gothic style

Question 31

The person whose Rule for Monks helped organize and spread Western monasticism was

A) Benedict.
B) Francis.
C) Paul.
D) Dominic.

Question 32

The abbreviation "AD" refers to

A) after death (of Constantinople).
B) anno Domini (in the year of the Lord).
C) adest Divinitas (the divine is present).
D) after downfall (of the Roman Empire).

Question 33

The belief that the world will soon come to an end is known as

A) messianism.
B) apocalypticism.
C) adoptionism.
D) monophysitism.

Question 34

Jesus was arrested by the authorities in Jerusalem at the time of which religious festival?

A) Rosh Hashanah
B) Yom Kippur
C) Passover
D) Purim

Question 35

Jesus opposed easy divorce because

A) it was forbidden in the Hebrew scriptures.
B) it affected the future of children.
C) he believed that everyone should remain married.
D) it left a woman unable to support herself.

Question 36

The Jewish-Christian Church was weakened by the

A) movement of the government to Constantinople.
B) destruction of the Jerusalem Temple.
C) traditional practices of Judaism.
D) rise and spread of Islam.

Question 37

One of the major areas of debate in early Christianity was

A) whether or not all Christians had to keep Jewish laws.
B) whether or not all Christians needed to be baptized.
C) the age at which a boy should be circumcised.
D) the social role of monastic orders.

Question 38

Which of the following gospels contains no infancy stories and begins instead with the adultpublic life of Jesus?

A) the Gospel of Matthew
B) the Gospel of Mark
C) the Gospel of Luke
D) the Gospel of John

Question 39

The language of the Gospel of John is similar to that of the

A) Hebrew books of the prophets.
B) Dhammapada.
C) Vedas.
D) Dead Sea Scrolls.

Question 40

_____ is accepted not only by the Eastern Orthodox but also by all traditional Western Christians.

A) Transubstantiation
B) Predestination
C) Sola scriptura
D) The Nicene Creed

Question 41

The Acts of the Apostles is the second part of which gospel?

A) the Gospel of Matthew
B) the Gospel of Mark
C) the Gospel of Luke
D) the Gospel of John

Question 42

The word "orthodox" literally means

A) guided tradition.
B) correct belief.
C) one nature.
D) eastern side.

Question 43

One of the medieval nuns who wrote mystical songs was

A) Catherine of Siena.
B) Julian of Norwich.
C) Teresa of Avila.
D) Hildegard of Bingen.

Question 44

One of the religious orders emphasizing reason and philosophy was the

A) religious order of Dominicans.
B) Benedictine order.
C) religious order of the Knights Templar.
D) Carmelite order.

Question 45

The Scottish church leader who studied with John Calvin in Geneva was

A) Charles Wesley.
B) John Wesley.
C) John Knox.
D) Ann Lee.

Question 46

In the context of the various forms of Protestantism, which of the following statements is true of Calvinism?

A) It originated in England and was a compromise between Catholicism and Protestantism.
B) It called for services to be conducted in German in order to encourage participation.
C) It prohibited the removal of statues and pictures from the churches.
D) It saw human nature as being basically sinful and almost irresistibly drawn to evil.

Question 47

Identify a true statement about the Christian practice of baptism.

A) The ritual once involved immersion of only the feet.
B) Early Christians were normally baptized as adolescents.
C) Baptism was commonly used to accept converts to Judaism.
D) Catholicism and Orthodoxy refrain from practicing infant baptism.

Question 48

In the context of the various devotional objects used in Christianity, lighted candles symbolize

A) blessing and good health.
B) new understanding.
C) Jesus's procession into Jerusalem.
D) prayer and reverence.

Question 49

Which of the following statements is true of the relationship between Christianity and music?

A) Melody in the Orthodox Church is sung with the accompaniment of the flute, violin, andorgan.
B) The organ at first was opposed for use in some churches because it was considered a secularinstrument.
C) For the first thousand years, both Eastern and Western church music involved only the flute.
D) The most important early pattern for Western religious music was the Mass for the dead.

Question 50

Explain the belief in end times and in a Messiah in the context of Jesus's life.

Question 51

Explain the circumstances under which Jesus was arrested in Jerusalem. Why was Jesus considered a threat by the Sadducees, Jewish patriots, and the Romans?

Question 52

Give a historical assessment of the four gospels of the New Testament.

Question 53

What was the core teaching of Jesus? Give at least two examples from the gospels that show the emphasis of Jesus's teaching.

Question 54

Describe what we know of Jesus's personal life and his teachings as they relate to marriage and family.

Question 55

Summarize the early Christian message as preached by Peter.

Question 56

What was Paul's mission? How did he become aware of it? How did he practice it?

Question 57

Paul is said to have defined the relationship of Christians to Judaism. Summarize the significant teachings of Paul in this regard.

Question 58

What is the meaning of "Synoptic Gospels"? What are they? Why is the Gospel of John viewed differently?

Question 59

Describe several of the themes and symbols used in the Gospel of John. What sense of Jesus emerges from this account?

Question 60

Was Paul the author of the Pauline Epistles? Explain why your answer should or should not be a major concern for Christians.

Question 61

Explain, with at least two illustrations, how Jews and Christians understand the Hebrew Bible differently.

Question 62

Summarize the essential Christian view of the Trinity.

Question 63

Summarize at least two contributions made by Augustine to the Christian worldview, and show how they reflected the particular circumstances of his life.

Question 64

Who were the Essenes? Summarize at least three ways in which Essene practice and belief may have influenced Christianity.

Question 65

What are the essential characteristics of monasticism? Describe at least three ways in which Benedictine monasticism had a lasting influence on Christian practice.

Question 66

What is the meaning of "orthodox," and in which countries of the world is Orthodox Christianity dominant?

Question 67

Describe three controversies that led to the distinctions between Orthodox and Western Christianity.

Question 68

Describe two ways in which a visit to Mount Athos is likely to illustrate practices of Orthodox Christianity.

Question 69

List three people associated with the mystical orientation of medieval Christianity. Describe briefly a contribution associated with each.

Question 70

Describe the stated reason for the First Crusade. In what ways did the Crusades ultimately change Christianity?

Question 71

What was the Inquisition? Where and how long was it active? What were its goals?

Question 72

Describe three practices associated with the Catholic Church that became contentious issues during the Protestant Reformation.

Question 73

Describe Martin Luther as viewed by a traditionalist Catholic and as viewed by a reformist.

Question 74

Describe at least two characteristics or attitudes that distinguish Lutheranism, Calvinism, and Anglicanism.

Question 75

Describe Sectarianism as a form of Protestantism. List the most prominent sects along with their defining characteristics.

Question 76

Describe three results of the Catholic Reformation (or Counter-Reformation).

Question 77

Summarize three paths that extended Christianity beyond its European boundaries.

Question 78

Name one of the nontraditional Christian sects. Summarize its history and key teachings. In what way is it broadening (or challenging) traditional Christianity?

Question 79

Identify the two key Christian sacraments. Describe the beliefs and practices associated with each.

Question 80

List the most important festivals in the Christian year. Briefly describe the most important rituals of these festivals.