Deck 2: Four Great Revolutions in Thought and Religion

Question 1

Which of the following groupings of world cultural zones developed the earliest?

A) Indian, Islamic
B) Chinese, Indian
C) Islamic, Western Christian
D) Chinese, Islamic

Answer 1

Chinese, Indian

Question 2

According to Confucius, a junzi, or true gentleman, was

A) superficial.
B) in tune with the cosmic order.
C) only the ruler.
D) determined by birth, not behavior.

Answer 2

in tune with the cosmic order.

Question 3

For the Hebrews, the shift to the exclusive worship of a single god occurred

A) with Abraham's journey from Mesopotamia to Canaan.
B) during the Exodus from Egypt under the leadership of Moses.
C) when Solomon built the great temple in Jerusalem.
D) with the start of Jesus' teachings.

Answer 3

during the Exodus from Egypt under the leadership of Moses.

Question 4

Which philosopher described himself as a transmitter and a conservator of tradition, not as an innovator?

A) Aristotle
B) Confucius
C) Mahavira
D) Socrates

Question 5

Choose two Greek philosophers and indicate the manner in which they dealt with the crises in the polis. In your opinion which philosopher developed a better plan for dealing with the issues of his time?
Conceptual

Question 6

What are the major aspects of Buddhist and Jain rebellion against Hinduism? Develop the proper historic background and time frame in your response. Why did Buddhism spread from India? Did the Jains become involved in activity outside the framework of their religious belief system? In what ways are both religious movements similar and different?
Conceptual

Question 7

In the "Global Perspective" section that introduces this chapter, the author states that each of the four great religious and philosophical revolutions from this time period arose from a crisis or major change. What crisis or change did each one face? How did each one address the crises faced by their respective societies? Compare and contrast the way they "reconnect[ed] ethics to history and restore[d] order to a troubled society" (Global Perspective, p. 35).
Conceptual

Question 8

All of the societies covered in this chapter were concerned with creating the best form of government for their states. Compare and contrast how each of the major schools of thought explained the ideal practices and responsibilities of government. What factor or factors do you think most account for the differences between them?
Conceptual

Question 9

Ancient Palestine was an important crossroads between Asia and Africa. It was also influential in the spread of religious ideas. Using Map 2-1, discuss how Palestinian geography could have aided in the spreading of religious ideas.
Conceptual

Question 10

Compare and contrast the ancient Greek view of the origins of the universe to that of the Israelites, as reflected in the Hebrew bible.
Conceptual

Question 11

Compare and contrast Buddha's teachings on right conduct to those of Confucius.
Conceptual

Question 12

Compare and contrast the views of Plato and Aristotle on governance of the polis to those of the Legalists on ruling the state.
Conceptual

Question 13

Compare and contrast the Hindu view of ultimate reality with the ancient Greek view of the nature of reality as seen in the pre-Socratic philosophers.
Conceptual