Deck 13: Social and Global Issues

Question 1

Computer anxiety refers to:

A) the fear of using computers
B) the feeling of separation
C) the feeling of powerlessness
D) the feeling of bewilderment and confusion
E) the fear of financial incapacity

Answer 1

the fear of using computers

Question 2

Anxiety about using computers is most likely to happen to:

A) a software developer
B) an old person who has only a little experience in using computers
C) an office secretary who works with electronic documents on a daily basis
D) a graduate of Information Studies that just begins his job
E) a high school student that is always curious about new technology

Answer 2

an old person who has only a little experience in using computers

Question 3

To alleviate a user's fear of using an information system, the key in design lies in:

A) the technology utilized
B) the developers of the system
C) ease of use
D) benefit from use
E) cost of use

Answer 3

ease of use

Question 4

For an inexperienced user, his/her anxiety about the use of computers can be alleviated by:

A) using computers that are equipped with the latest technology
B) a system with little direction/instruction for the purpose of feeling in control
C) a professional look of computer systems that makes the user feels like an expert
D) direct manipulation techniques such as touch screen and voice input
E) an interface with fancy colors that are strong in contrast

Question 5

Alienation is a feeling of ___ caused by lack of direct human contact for long periods of time due to computer use.

A) losing power
B) confusion with living issues
C) inability to perform non-computerized systems
D) helplessness
E) separation and disenfranchisement

Question 6

Feelings of alienation resulted from computer use is:

A) an unintended outcome of ICT use
B) a known disadvantage of ICT before such technology was invented
C) a joke rather than fact when people talk about ICT
D) not possible to happen in real ICT use
E) a phenomenon that happens to every ICT user

Question 7

To help computer users contact with other people in a rather face-to-face-like manner and reduce the negative effect of alienation, a computer system can be designed:

A) with audio and video output for playing multimedia files;
B) with interactive audio and video devices for communication;
C) with recreational features to relieve users' stress in computer use;
D) with enjoyable interactive features that attract users to utilize computers more in their life;
E) to help users being more able to manage their time.

Question 8

Internal locus of control means:

A) the control of an outsourced project is contained within the contract owner;
B) the system control over inner computer operations;
C) an individual feels that he/she is in control of his/her environment;
D) intra-organizational control over the business operations
E) the power a project manager feels according to his/her responsibilities.

Question 9

A manifestation of external locus of control for a computer user is:

A) a strong feel of power
B) a feeling that the environment is in control
C) taking more responsibility for his/her own actions
D) behaving less proactively
E) willingness of continuous use of computers

Question 10

Which of the following system design helps support users' internal locus of control in their interaction with computers?

A) using bright colors in the display for blind users
B) utilizing the most advanced design features that require the latest high-end hardware
C) designing interfaces that take human diversity into consideration
D) providing confirmation of actions to users
E) providing users with super-powerful computers that can process information at high speed

Question 11

In an organization, computers can increase human potency through:

A) tying users more tightly with computers in everyday work;
B) increasing technology investment in the organization;
C) changing the managerial structure of the organization;
D) reducing the demand of employees in the organization;
E) increasing the span of control of managers.

Question 12

The interjection of computers into our daily lives increases the complexity of our experience. An example for this is:

A) electronic flurry of information in the workplace
B) speedy connection to the Internet
C) fast computer operation
D) possibility to do at-home shopping
E) emergency of power-saving devices

Question 13

In the use of computers, eliminating activities that require human intervention would help:

A) modify the income of a specific task doer;
B) reduce the perceived complexity and speed of a particular task;
C) reduce the work load of a computer;
D) enhance the popularity of a computer system on the market;
E) speed up the network connection.

Question 14

Which of the following statements about organizational dependence on computer-based systems is appropriate?

A) it should be sensitive to failures, and should be shut down completely upon the detection of a failure;
B) In all possible cases of system failure, a backup should be available to avoid the organization come to a standstill.
C) It should ignore human errors, which are trivial and annoying to the system operation;
D) It only needs to be tested after its implementation to ensure the sensitivity it has to failures;
E) Test on a computer-based system in an organization provides little help to enhance the system's reliability;

Question 15

A social issue that may be brought directly by computer-based changes to work processes could be:

A) loosing the opportunity of going to school
B) long-time commute for work
C) short-term job displacement
D) displacement of environment facilities
E) long-term unemployment

Question 16

What can be done to increase the perception that humans, of diverse backgrounds and skills, are valued?

A) utilizing the latest technology
B) hiring experienced system designer
C) obtaining market share in various countries
D) designing interfaces that are flexible and adaptable for different users
E) increasing the number of human factor experts in the workforce

Question 17

Ethical problems associated with accessibility to computers are caused by the gap between ___.

A) private organizations and public organizations
B) profit organizations and non-profit organizations
C) expert and novice computer users
D) computers that are accessible and inaccessible
E) populations that "have" and "do not have" computer access

Question 18

___ is one of the main ethical considerations for information systems.

A) anxiety
B) accessibility
C) complexity
D) displacement
E) globalization

Question 19

The concept associated with the human concern of "fear of computers" is:

A) alienation
B) potency
C) anxiety
D) complexity
E) speed

Question 20

Using designs to enrich computer-mediated communications among users (i.e. add emotional indicators) is a way to alleviate the computer-related social issue of:

A) anxiety
B) potency
C) complexity
D) alienation
E) speed

Question 21

"Feelings of powerlessness" in using computers is called:

A) anxiety
B) alienation
C) complexity
D) speed
E) potency

Question 22

Among the various social issues that are caused by computer use, "feelings of powerlessness" is a symptom of:

A) organizational and societal dependence
B) anxiety
C) alienation
D) potency
E) complexity

Question 23

Designing retraining system can help alleviate the social issue of ___ that are associated with computer-based changes to work process.

A) anxiety
B) job displacement
C) alienation
D) potency
E) speed

Question 24

The privacy issue associated with computer use emphasizes:

A) letting all individuals have access to other people's personal information
B) collecting as little personal information as possible
C) protecting against public access to personal information
D) only granting access to personal information on a paid basis, both to the individual that the information is about and to other information requesters
E) avoiding information sharing between systems or organizations

Question 25

A problem brought by privacy being invaded could be:

A) a follow-up phone call from customer service after a phone order is placed
B) a conversation with a bank agent when opening a new account at the bank
C) a homework problem given by the instructor of a class
D) the advertisements from unknown vendors that are received in mail
E) the monthly credit card statements received in mail

Question 26

In HCI design, accountability refers to the understanding of:

A) obtainable support to the project from the whole organization
B) the team's ability of finishing the project in time;
C) distribution of available resources for the design;
D) the project team members' capacity in performing the design job;
E) who shares responsibility for the outcomes and impact of information systems.

Question 27

A characteristic of intellectual property is:

A) The vulnerability to be attacked when it comes in an electronic format
B) The ease to be utilized
C) How hard to be collected
D) being discarded by its owner quickly after generated
E) being more like a symbol rather than of any value

Question 28

An example of intellectual property being invaded is that:

A) a popular first name is used by millions of people;
B) a newly composed song is downloaded from the Internet by millions of users without permission from the composer;
C) users modify a Wiki-based system for the sake of their convenience;
D) a trial version software is widely used among various users;
E) a newly developed software is tested among real users in a real context.

Question 29

Which of the following is a problem that exists in current health-care system?

A) lack of automation in medication allocation
B) being outdated in tracking laboratory outcomes
C) systems that belong to hospitals, insurance companies, pharmaceutical and laboratories are mostly isolated from each other
D) unable to help schedule surgeries
E) cannot perform supply inventory processing

Question 30

A way for information systems to contribute to streamlining health-care-related processes is to:

A) develop more medical devices for hospitals;
B) make more offline computers for medical care professionals ;
C) design powerful laboratory analysis systems;
D) establish a national health-care database;
E) provide health care personnel with automatically driven vehicles for visiting patients;

Question 31

A course management system can help the instructor of a class by:

A) reducing the size of the class;
B) enabling him/her to spent more time on administrative issues;
C) enabling him/her to request a higher wage rate;
D) training him/her to be more competitive for starting a new career;
E) relieving class management burden and letting him/her concentrating on the direct teaching;

Question 32

Software Globalization is a way to create software that:

A) focuses on functionality
B) is tailored corresponding to the environment it will be used
C) contains cultural characteristics of the target market
D) emphasize on software packaging
E) has a specific version for each of the target market

Question 33

Software Globalization creates a framework and structure that is advantageous in:

A) unifying users' behavior
B) enabling a software product to be sold worldwide
C) personalizing a software product for a specific individual user
D) incorporating social values into software
E) enabling around-the-clock software development

Question 34

In global software development, which of the following activities should be taken in the design stage?

A) determine locale-specific legal constraints
B) test the software both domestically and in the selected locale
C) providing locale-based cultural education to the software development team
D) develop plans for testing
E) perform documentation for both domestic and locale software

Question 35

An issue that is important in global software development, but is not emphasized in traditional system development cycle is ___.

A) cost
B) timing
C) equipment
D) marketing
E) translation

Question 36

Which of the following is a local convention issues that should be taken into consideration in software localization?

A) currency format
B) software developers' reputation
C) profit target
D) investment on software development
E) functionality

Question 37

Languages are complex constructs that can be differentiated into simple writing system and large writing system. An example language with large writing system is ___.

A) English
B) Japanese
C) French
D) Greek
E) Italian

Question 38

Software Localization is the process that:

A) separates elements of a software product into culturally dependent and culturally independent parts;
B) generates a sort of generic product that is universally applicable;
C) fits a software product to the target culture and market;
D) a software product enters a foreign market little by little;
E) develops software products only with the functional part without any attached package.

Question 39

In software localization, locales refer to the features of the user's environment that are dependent on:

A) income level
B) genetic characteristics of the population
C) import policy
D) cultural convention
E) software investment amount

Question 40

Which of the following is required in software localization?

A) a software design team that has high reputation
B) involvement of the CEO of the software company
C) fitting the software company's mission to the locale
D) the software developers changing their living habits based according to the locale
E) a locale definition for the locale that the software will support

Question 41

Partial localization can be an economical choice for a software company when:

A) users in the target market can tolerate the language that a software is originally written in;
B) the target market has deceive impact on the company's profit;
C) the software is targeted at end-users instead of programmers or developers;
D) the user population in the target market is very large;
E) software localization plays a critical role in the competence with similar products of other companies.

Question 42

Comparing to full localization of a software product, partial localization has the advantage of:

A) being less expensive
B) being easier to use
C) being better accepted
D) being more accessible
E) allowing for more effort

Question 43

Which of the following situation is good for a company to localize in-house?

A) the localization quality is not a critical issue
B) the need for localization is on a frequent basis with high quality requirements
C) the company has limited knowledge base for software localization
D) the company wants to keep a small market in the target country
E) the company is small in size with limited personnel doing software development

Question 44

The three phases of the Listening Mode in human-computer interaction are perception, semantic association, and ___.

A) affordance perception
B) enactment with expectations
C) logical reasoning
D) applicability check
E) confirmation

Question 45

In the different phases of the Listening Mode in human-computer interaction, which one is subject to the GREATEST cultural impact?

A) enactment with expectations
B) applicability check
C) perception
D) logical reasoning
E) confirmation

Question 46

In the following phases of human-computer interaction, which one belongs to the Speaking Mode?

A) logical reasoning
B) semantic association
C) thinking loudly
D) self-talking
E) affordance perception

Question 47

In the Speaking Mode of human-computer interaction, which phase is influenced by cultural factors the most?

A) confirmation
B) enactment with expectations
C) applicability check
D) affordance perception
E) self-talking

Question 48

As a way of utilizing the Internet, Blogs (Weblogs) enable people to:

A) purchase merchandise online
B) rally people to take action
C) renew driver's license at home
D) participate remote education
E) booking an air ticket without visiting a physical agent

Question 49

"Cookies" are a kind of technique that is associated with the negative social impact of ___ that is brought by the Internet.

A) plagiarism
B) invasion of intellectual property
C) invasion of privacy
D) short-term job displacement
E) alienation

Question 50

Which of the following factors plays a significant role in making one country less advantageous in competence brought by globalization?

A) culture
B) language
C) average income of residents
D) laggard development of telecommunications infrastructure (particularly the Internet)
E) dinning tradition