Deck 10: Componential Design

Question 1

Components of a human-computer interface are building blocks used for constructing the interface. An example of such components could be:

A) a command button
B) a search feature
C) the action of copying a file
D) the ability of control sound volume
E) the display of an analysis report

Answer 1

a command button

Question 2

A human-computer interface is showing a graph about a company's sales results. This graph may have the function of:

A) retrieving data from the human-resource database
B) displaying the company's sales trend
C) playing a video clip of the interview conducted by a news reporter
D) enabling the conversation between real users and the product developers
E) listing all members of the developer team

Answer 2

displaying the company's sales trend

Question 3

When a designer is selecting components for a human-computer interaction design, he or she needs to know:

A) what are the components that can be used
B) what are the costs to get the components of the interface design
C) whether the leader of the interface design team will like his/her choices of the components
D) what are the coding size of the available components
E) how to find the best place to put the monitor

Answer 3

what are the components that can be used

Question 4

In the context of componential design in HCI, which of the following statements about "task" and "function" is appropriate?

A) All the tasks supported by a system constitute the system's functionality;
B) A task to be done should be chosen based on whether the task matches a system's functions;
C) Tasks are supported by a system's functions;
D) "Task" refers to the system designer's description of what a system component does.
E) "Function" refers to the description of a task as user sees it.

Question 5

Componential design in HCI refers to:

A) the process of decomposing the user's task;
B) the process of selecting or adapting appropriate components to fit the user and the user's task;
C) the process of sorting ideas from various stakeholders to develop a big picture for future system;
D) the process of analyzing requirements for a task;
E) the process of labeling components that are selected for building a system.

Question 6

The notion of "level" of design components is useful in componential design. Which of the following description is appropriate about the level of design components?

A) As a design element, text can only be examined at the level of a character;
B) In the eyes of a graphic designer and a business analyst, graphic objects are all considered to be low-level components;
C) Higher-level design components usually enable more general functions than lower-level components;
D) Lower-level design components are developed with higher-level building blocks;
E) Only high-level design components have four levels of interaction.

Question 7

In human computer interaction, color can help facilitate memory by:

A) grouping similar items;
B) depicting multiple dimensions of data
C) accurately representing natural phenomena associated with color;
D) adding cues to data
E) being pleasant to the eye

Question 8

Which description on color use in human computer interaction is correct?

A) Meanings associated with colors do not change across different cultures;
B) Colors cannot depict multiple dimensions of data;
C) Color can add cues to data and build more association.
D) Extensive use of extreme colors always comforts users' eyes.
E) The more colors used in a human-computer interface, the more pleasant it becomes.

Question 9

Color wheel is:

A) a steering wheel of a car that is painted with colors;
B) a spatial representation of colors as a circle, where each color corresponds to a light wavelength;
C) a decorative neon bulb that has a round shape and various colors;
D) a game that player can turn a wheel and end up with pointer pointed color, which represents the reward the player gains;
E) a clock wheel that is available in different colors

Question 10

Which of the following description about color wheel is appropriate?

A) The two colors on the circumference of the color wheel and are opposite in position cancel each other out;
B) Black is at the center of the color wheel;
C) Base colors on a color wheel are white, black and red;
D) A color is defined by hue, brightness and contrast;
E) The black color in a color wheel is obtained through combining all colors on the circumference.

Question 11

An factor that is indispensable in defining a color is:

A) Contrast
B) saturation
C) weight
D) ratio
E) spectrum

Question 12

As a building block of color, hue:

A) decides the brightness of color;
B) is the relative amount of pure light that must be mixed with the white light to produce the perceived color;
C) corresponds to the normal meaning of color - changes in wave length;
D) refers to the shades of gray decreasing from white through gray to black;
E) relies on saturation to determine its value.

Question 13

In color use, an appropriate way to combine color is:

A) If users need to identify what information is colored in a particular color, then the number of colors should be no less than 11;
B) While choosing color, it is best to use the colors that are close to the center of the color wheel;
C) For drawing attention, combining colors that are high on both saturation and brightness are most effective;
D) When colors are used to signal an ordinal relation between data items, it should avoid using the spectral sequence;
E) To avoid the eye strain of users caused by high contrast, it is not recommended to use colors that are close to each other on the circumference of color wheel.

Question 14

Which of the following about semantic use of color is appropriate?

A) When a color is used as a natural reference color, it should be consistent with the color of the real-world object that it wants to represent;
B) The choice of colors for symbolic use should be free from individuals' and cultures' interpretation of them;
C) The coding scheme for the symbolic meanings of chosen colors should not overlap the common meanings in the real world;
D) Involvement of users in coding the symbolic meanings for colors should be avoided in choosing colors for an interface design;
E) The symbolic definition of colors in a system interface should be decided without referring to the tasks supported by the system.

Question 15

Color can be supportive in human-computer interaction in many ways, which include:

A) reducing body movement
B) performing subtasks
C) implementing user's commands
D) attracting attention
E) running calculation

Question 16

As a functional component in an information system, data input is used for:

A) printing out all the data in a table
B) retrieving data collection report for users
C) feeding data into the system
D) sorting data in the system
E) displaying the structure of a dataset

Question 17

A computer user is entering his age into a Web form. Which of the following ways for doing this task demonstrates the data input method of "selecting from predefined values"?

A) copying the age value from a text file of his personal profile and paste it into the Web form
B) checking the range of age from a given set of age ranges in the form
C) typing age value in the appropriate box in the form
D) handwriting the age number on a graphics tablet to feed the data into the computer
E) saying the age number to a speech recognition device

Question 18

Data can be entered into a system using:

A) microphone
B) printer
C) monitor
D) speaker
E) power charger

Question 19

Which of the following is good for entering data by generating values?

A) a check box
B) a radio button
C) a data entry field
D) a dropdown list
E) a volume control panel

Question 20

In the following examples, which one demonstrates the appropriate syntactic and semantic design considerations for data input?

A) using medical jargon in a form for patients
B) giving overlapped age ranges for user to choose from without explanation for these ranges
C) giving users great flexibility in entering date with no predefined restriction on date format
D) indicating that a field for spouse name is empty if a user checks "married" in marital status but misses the "spouse name" field;
E) arranging data items with space between them as little as possible, so that more items can be included in one page.

Question 21

In interface design, the method for data input should be selected in accordance with the situation that the data is needed. Based on this principle, the method of selecting from predetermined values is effective when:

A) the possible input can be expected
B) the data to be entered is unstructured
C) it is important to maintain a user's style
D) there is a need for personalized contents
E) it is hard to predetermine candidate input values

Question 22

In an interface, what is the role of a command control in supporting users' work flow control?

A) It lets users locate required system action by selecting from predefined options;
B) It activate a particular system action;
C) It helps users control system actions by allowing users to specify their intentions through questions and answers;
D) It ensures that users intended controls are correctly implemented;
E) It confirms users' specific inputs.

Question 23

Compared with other visual mechanisms for navigating and controlling system, menu has the advantage of:

A) specifying users' intention through questions and answers
B) implementing users' command
C) accepting data generated by users
D) display system output
E) structuring users' actions

Question 24

Which of the following is a building block for work flow control in human-computer interaction?

A) check box
B) radio button
C) dialog box
D) formatted field
E) forms

Question 25

Which of the following is a problematic design for tree-structured menu?

A) menu items are organized in an unusual manner
B) the menu enables a user to move backward or forward as wanted
C) he menu has items for inexperienced users and shortcuts for advanced users
D) a menu has items in a consistent format
E) that the menu enables direct access to root items from the branch end items

Question 26

For an inexperienced user, an effective way to help his/her navigation in the interaction with an information system is to use:

A) a dialog box that asks for the user's intention
B) well-defined menus with system functional items organized
C) command controls that can be used for activating specific function directly
D) feedback indicators that give the user feedback after each try he/she takes
E) the complete instruction menu for the system and let the user read it through

Question 27

In human-computer interaction, graphs are used to present ___ information.

A) invisible
B) oral
C) theoretical
D) qualitative
E) quantitative

Question 28

Other than numeric data represented by spatial elements in a graph, labels in the graph are used to:

A) describe the name of an item
B) indicate the number of male employees in a company
C) show the percentage of profit increase during a certain period
D) display the average test score of a math class
E) compare the return on investment for a series of projects

Question 29

Composite graphics are:

A) verbal description about characteristics or relationships in data
B) meaningful arrangements of labels and spatial elements that represent characteristics or relationships in data
C) a machine generated human portrait
D) a combination of video and audio information to present a story
E) original art works from artists

Question 30

Composite graphics are analogous to:

A) the desktop of Windows XP on a computer that contains many irrelevant files
B) an empty table without any item and corresponding data
C) a sentence that consists of words and conveys meanings
D) a row that lists some random numbers
E) a wall that has been shot with some holes

Question 31

In graphics design, data ink represents:

A) all the non spatial elements in a graph
B) the amount of ink that can be erased without loss of information
C) the amount of ink in a graph that may not cause information loss if gets erased
D) the amount of ink devoted to the redundant display of information
E) the amount of ink devoted to the nonredundant display of information

Question 32

Effective graphics should have the characteristic of:

A) maximizing the data ink ratio
B) minimizing the data ink ratio
C) erase non-data ink without reason
D) save redundant data ink without reason
E) erase data ink without reason

Question 33

Compared to texts and tables, graphs have what advantage in supporting users' activities:

A) confirming users' action upon the implementation of a command
B) specifying users' intentions through dialog with the computer system
C) structuring users' action through pre-defined options
D) making human memory more efficient for certain tasks
E) enabling users to input values that are not defined by a system

Question 34

Which of the following statements about the use of graphics is appropriate?

A) Simpler graphics are more likely to be understood;
B) Graphics are always more effective than tables;
C) Conservative use of graphics should be avoided in system design;
D) Decision on whether or not to use graphics is free from the type of task to be supported;
E) Graphics should be applied with the data ink ratio as low as possible

Question 35

Graphics are most effective in:

A) establishing a verbal communication
B) summarizing the first quarter's profit of an organization
C) playing a movie
D) transcribing a speech
E) entering students' score after an exam on quantitative methods

Question 36

A decision making task usually starts with finding the problem that needs a decision on it. Graphics can be helpful in such problem-finding activities through supporting human psychological resources for:

A) comprehending information carried by a data set
B) controlling negative affective situation
C) memorizing all available information
D) detecting potential problems
E) tuning the mood to be appropriate for the decision making task

Question 37

Graphs can support comparison of:

A) the editing changes between two versions of the same article
B) the ambulance alarm and police alarm
C) the market share of different products
D) the taste of two kinds of apples
E) the smell of various perfumes

Question 38

For a comparison task that compares the size of fractions of a whole , the most effective composite graphics would be:

A) pie chart
B) bar chart
C) line chart
D) dot chart
E) radar chart

Question 39

Which of the following statement is appropriate?

A) Understanding about how to read a graph is naturally gained knowledge that needs no training;
B) Viewers of the same graph may react differently due to social reasons;
C) The same graph always leads to the same understanding to it universally;
D) All viewers of the same graph have the same cognitive capabilities in processing it;
E) Human ability in reading complex graphics cannot be improved via training, because it is predefined before born.

Question 40

Chernoff faces refer to graphics that:

A) using facial expressions to represent a user's moods;
B) using facial expressions to represent a company's performance on the market;
C) using facial expressions to represent qualitative information;
D) using facial expressions to represent quantitative information;
E) using facial expressions to represent users' satisfaction with an information system.

Question 41

Form fill-in is a design technique that can support data input by:

A) performing complicated data analysis for users
B) generating reports for entered data
C) only giving a partial view of all to-be-entered data for an entity to avoid data input error;
D) acting as a tutorial session before the real data input activities;
E) avoiding input through feeding data about an entity as a spatially organized set of data.

Question 42

For the purpose of facilitating data input activities, form fill-in has the advantages of: .

A) providing a full view of all relevant data for a good understanding about data input requirements;
B) attracting a user's attention to data about many entities at the same time;
C) removing the context of data fields;
D) keeping data organized in a tabular format all the time;
E) taking over the control on data input process from users.

Question 43

In the following, ___ are main building blocks for form fill-in.

A) components for command control
B) components for shortcuts
C) components for selecting data
D) components for menus
E) components for hotlinks

Question 44

Among the following building blocks for form fill-in, which one is used for organizing purpose?

A) text box
B) radio button
C) check box
D) labels
E) message box

Question 45

In the design of form fill-in, sound can be used to:

A) form groups for data items
B) list predefined values for a specific field
C) distinguish required field from optional ones
D) select data
E) provide feedback

Question 46

If a clinic is designing a registration form for patients, and the form requires information about both a patient and his/her referring doctor, which of the following provides the appropriate categories for grouping the required information?

A) patient personal information and patient medical records
B) patient personal information and the referring doctor's information
C) patient personal information and the insurance company information
D) the referring doctor's information and the insurance company information
E) patient personal information and patient's employer's information

Question 47

In the following statements about form fill-in design, which one is appropriate?

A) The design of a form should minimize users' effort needed to move from one field to another;
B) As far as the fields in a form is grouped, the order of these fields and groups is not important;
C) Using borders is the only way to differentiate groups of fields from each other;
D) Detailed and long instructions should be provided wherever possible to help users understand the requirements for each field;
E) Specialized terminologies should always be used to give the designed forms a professional look.

Question 48

At the tool level, data input through form fill-in could vary in terms of the operations on data (enter, modify, remove, etc.), the media used (computer-aided vs. paper-based) and the task-doer (self vs. others). Image a scenario that a patient enters into a clinic and accesses a computer to verify some personal information. Which of the following scenarios contains the data input task that is most similar to the above example?

A) A patient enters into a clinic and access a computer to input his/her information with a blank form;
B) A customer logged into an online store, and made some changes to his/her personal information using an online form;
C) A patient enters into a clinic, fills a printed form which his/her personal information, and hands it to a clerk for inputting the data into the patient information system;
D) A patient enters into a clinic, provides his/her personal information to a clerk verbally, and lets the clerk input the information into the patient information system;
E) A patient accesses an online store, and placed an order by filling an empty online form.

Question 49

For data input activities associated with form fill-in, familiarity with the to-be-entered data could be a source for errors. In the following scenarios about entering a patient's data in a clinic registration system, which provides the most possible source for an error of misspelling a patient's name?

A) a patient enters into a clinic and uses an on-site computer by herself to change her last name after married;
B) a patient enters into a clinic and accesses a computer to input her name with a blank form;
C) a patient enters into a clinic, and spells her name verbally for a clerk to enter it into the patient information system;
D) a patient calls a clinic with a voice recognition system to change her last name after married;
E) a patient visits the Web site of a clinic and registers his/her personal information using an online form.

Question 50

To design a good interface for a specific human-computer interaction, a designer should know:

A) the benefits he/she will obtain from this design work
B) characteristics of users that will take the task with the computer
C) the sponsor of the design project
D) the formation of the interface design team
E) the profit that a company wants to make with the interface product