Deck 23: Neurological Emergencies

Question 1

The following are the three meninges that protect the brain, EXCEPT:

A) Dura mater
B) Pia mater
C) White matter
D) Arachnoid matter

Answer 1

White matter

Question 2

What part of the brain contains the vasomotor control centres?

A) Brainstem
B) Cerebellum
C) Diencephalon
D) Cerebrum

Answer 2

Brainstem

Question 3

What statement best describes Monro-Kellie hypothesis?

A) A change of one of the cranial components (brain tissue, blood or CSF) which would lead to the reduction or displacement of the other
B) A change in any component (brain tissue, blood or CSF) does not cause any displacement of the other component
C) Any change would cause the pressure in the cranium to decrease
D) None are correct.

Answer 3

A change of one of the cranial components (brain tissue, blood or CSF) which would lead to the reduction or displacement of the other

Question 4

What are the prioritiesin a neurological emergency?

A) Identifying the potential cause
B) Monitoring for increased intracranial pressure
C) Treatment for hypoxia and hypotension
D) All are correct

Question 5

A persistent and untreated increase in intracranial pressure would lead to a type of herniation causing dilated and fixed pupils due to cranial nerve III affectation. What is this type of herniation?

A) Central herniation
B) Lateral herniation
C) Cingulate herniation
D) None are correct

Question 6

In a suspected brain herniation, a Cheyne-Stokes respiration could be identified. How do you describe Cheyne-Stokes?

A) Deep tachypnoeic breathing followed by periods of apnoea
B) Shallow and slow breathing with apnoea
C) Persistent deep breathing
D) All are correct

Question 7

A condition referred to as rapidly developed clinical signs of focal or global disturbance of cerebral function lasting minutes to less than 24 hours.

A) Ischemic stroke
B) Haemorrhagic stroke
C) Transient ischemic attack
D) All are correct.

Question 8

In using FAST criteria in the assessment of stroke, what does the F stand for?

A) Feet paralysis
B) Facial weakness
C) Finger dislocation
D) All are correct

Question 9

An episode of abnormal neurological function caused by abnormal discharge of brain neurons:

A) Seizure
B) Convulsion
C) Spasm
D) None are correct

Question 10

This happens when there is an excessive and abnormal motor activity mostly secondary to abnormal electrical discharges from the neurons:

A) Seizure
B) Convulsion
C) Spasm
D) All are correct