Deck 10: Physical Growth and Health in Middle Childhoodgrowth

Question 1

During middle childhood, how many inches do children grow every year?

A) 1 inch
B) 2 inches
C) boys grow one inch and girls grow two inches
D) girls grow one inch and boys grow one inch

Answer 1

2 inches

Question 2

In middle childhood, children's growth occurs:

A) a little bit every day.
B) in spurts.
C) quickly, so that they appear more chunky than in early childhood.
D) quickly, so their muscles can't keep up and they are not as strong proportionately.

Answer 2

in spurts.

Question 3

By middle childhood, girls:

A) are generally similar in stature to boys.
B) are still shorter than boys.
C) have grown taller than boys.
D) have a different body shape than boys.

Answer 3

are generally similar in stature to boys.

Question 4

Which of the following does not predict being taller than other children?

A) being physically active
B) being healthy
C) being white or African American
D) having older siblings

Question 5

For most children, all of their primary teeth will be replaced by permanent teeth by:

A) 8 years old.
B) 10 years old.
C) 12 years old.
D) 14 years old.

Question 6

By the time that a child reached middle childhood, her brain is:

A) 65% of adult size.
B) 75% of adult size.
C) 85% of adult size.
D) 95% of adult size.

Question 7

Which of the following is basically complete in middle childhood?

A) lateralization
B) pruning
C) myelination
D) growth of the corpus callosum

Question 8

In middle childhood, lateralization is complete:

A) in the right hemisphere, which is dominant for language.
B) in the left hemisphere, which is dominant for spatial skills.
C) in the right hemisphere, which is dominant for spatial skills.
D) in the left hemisphere, which is dominant for language.

Question 9

All of the following are true about the corpus callosum, except:

A) it is made up of fibers that connect the two hemisphere of the cerebral cortex.
B) it is important in tasks such as attention, perception, and cognition.
C) it supports children's ability to integrate cognitive functions.
D) myelination is complete in this area by middle childhood.

Question 10

The average elementary student needs how much sleep per day?

A) about 8 hours
B) about 9 hours
C) about 10 hours
D) about 12 hours

Question 11

During middle childhood, children's need for sleep:

A) increases.
B) decreases.
C) stable.
D) vary wildly.

Question 12

On days when children who get more sleep than normal:

A) they show greater activity levels.
B) they show lower activity levels.
C) they show greater concentration.
D) they show lowered concentration.

Question 13

Children's disrupted sleep is associated with all of the below, except:

A) child's obesity.
B) children's lowered memory skills.
C) parents' marital quality.
D) children's heightened activity level.

Question 14

Seven-year-old Madison suffers from enuresis. What would her pediatrician recommend?

A) that she begin hormone supplement therapy
B) that she begin behavior modification therapy
C) that the family visit a nutritionist
D) nothing; she will grow out of it

Question 15

Pediatricians recommend vitamin supplements for:

A) all children.
B) school-age children in growth spurt.
C) no children.
D) only children with limited diets.

Question 16

How many cups of vegetables should school-aged children have each day?

A) 1.5 cups
B) 2.5 cups
C) 3.5 cups
D) 4.5 cups

Question 17

Stunting is defined as height below which percentile for age and gender?

A) first percentile
B) third percentile
C) fifth percentile
D) seventh percentile

Question 18

In low-income families, how many children were classified as "hungry"?

A) about 5%
B) about 10%
C) about 15%
D) about 20%

Question 19

In low-income families, how many children were classified as "hungry" or "at-risk for hunger"?

A) about 20%
B) about 30%
C) about 50%
D) about 70%

Question 20

Which of the following is not a result of malnourishment?

A) stunting
B) lower academic achievement
C) behavioral problems
D) increased risk-taking

Question 21

Currently, what percentage of school-age children in the United States are overweight?

A) more than 5%
B) more than 15%
C) more than 20%
D) more than 30%

Question 22

When determining obesity levels, doctors use BMI, which is a good measure because it takes into account children's:

A) age.
B) pubertal development.
C) height.
D) activity level.

Question 23

Obesity is defined as a BMI score above which percentile?

A) 75th
B) 80th
C) 90th
D) 95th

Question 24

In a study of obesity, obese children described which part of their life as functioning much worse than typical children?

A) physical health
B) school achievement
C) social lives
D) physical health, school achievement, social lives

Question 25

Who is the least likely to be overweight?

A) low-income children
B) African American children
C) children who watch more television
D) children with authoritative parents

Question 26

Which is not a key factor in children's weight gain?

A) watching television
B) eating out
C) not understanding nutrition rules
D) not eating with family

Question 27

Which of the following statements would a social learning theorist not use to explain the association between parents' obesity with children's obesity?

A) Parents pass on a genetic vulnerability for obesity.
B) Parents may model poor eating habits.
C) Parents may not reward physically active play.
D) Parents may be heavy television viewers.

Question 28

Which of the following is not a reason why TV viewing may be associated with obesity in children?

A) They are persuaded by fast food commercials.
B) They are less likely to physically active.
C) They sleep more hours every day.
D) They eat in front of television and not with their family.

Question 29

How many children in middle childhood have detectable dental caries?

A) 20%
B) 30%
C) 40%
D) 50%

Question 30

In the past 5 years, the rate of childhood asthma has:

A) dramatically increased.
B) dramatically decreased.
C) leveled off.
D) decreased slightly.

Question 31

Which of the following is not associated prevalence of type 2 diabetes in children?

A) gender
B) ethnicity
C) weight
D) parents' smoking status

Question 32

The health of Latino children is:

A) similar to the health of other children.
B) better than the health of other children.
C) worse than the health of other children.
D) improving over time.

Question 33

For which childhood health problem do Latino children not show escalated rates?

A) asthma
B) autism
C) obesity
D) diabetes

Question 34

When considering the special health needs of Latino children, health workers need to be careful to consider:

A) subgroups within the population.
B) motivation of parents for health care.
C) parents' deceptive information.
D) parents' legal status.

Question 35

An important risk for the health of Latino children of Mexican is:

A) parental warmth.
B) legal status.
C) residential stability.
D) English proficiency.

Question 36

The most common cause of fatal injury to school-age children is:

A) child abuse.
B) peer violence.
C) playground or home accidents.
D) car accidents.

Question 37

Children should remain in a booster seat until:

A) they are 6 years old.
B) they weigh 80 pounds.
C) they enter school.
D) they outgrow their five-point harness safety seat.

Question 38

Most school-age children:

A) are safely restrained in the car by a child safety seat.
B) are not safely restrained in the car.
C) no longer need safety restraints in cars.
D) ride in cars without airbags.

Question 39

The Federal Highway Safety Administration recommends that children should not navigate traffic as a pedestrian until they are:

A) 6 years old.
B) 8 years old.
C) 10 years old.
D) 12 years old.

Question 40

The American Academy of Pediatricians recommends that children under what age should not ride scooters without close adult supervision?

A) 6 years old
B) 8 years old
C) 10 years old
D) 12 years old

Question 41

Most playground accidents occur:

A) at public playgrounds.
B) at school.
C) at home while unsupervised.
D) at home while supervised.

Question 42

The American Association of Pediatricians recommends that children do not carry a backpack that exceeds:

A) 6 pounds.
B) 14 pounds.
C) 3%-6% of the child's body weight.
D) 10%-20% of the child's body weight.

Question 43

What percentage of gun owners reported that they believe that their school-aged children could be trusted with a loaded gun?

A) 10%
B) 25%
C) 30%
D) 40%

Question 44

When most school-age boys were left in a lab room with toy guns and real guns:

A) they were able to tell the difference between a real gun and a toy gun.
B) they picked up the real gun and pulled the trigger.
C) they left the real gun alone.
D) they alerted an adult.

Question 45

Tony's family has just moved into a new apartment near an airport. His parents should expect that:

A) his weight may increase.
B) he may develop asthma.
C) he may have decreased levels of cortisol.
D) his blood pressure may increase.

Question 46

Parents' educational levels are associated with children's health may be explained with all of the following statements, except:

A) highly educated parents can pay for better health care.
B) highly educated parents may understand health issues better.
C) highly educated parents are more likely to have children in child care.
D) highly educated parents may be able to provide a safer environment.

Question 47

Abbey's parents are having a difficult time in their marriage. To keep this discord from impacting her health, Abbey's parents can:

A) try to fight only at night when she is asleep.
B) train her in strategies to cope with the stress.
C) send her to her grandparents for a short time.
D) give her daily vitamin supplements.

Question 48

The pattern of activity levels across childhood is:

A) U-shaped.
B) linear.
C) different for boys and girls.
D) flat and stable.

Question 49

High levels of physical activity in middle childhood is good for children because:

A) they practice motor skills.
B) they improve overall health.
C) they gain strength.
D) All of the reasons listed are true

Question 50

Compared to boys' games, girls' games are all of the following EXCEPT:

A) more cooperative.
B) feature more rivalry.
C) are comprised of smaller groups.
D) have less competition.

Question 51

What percentage of American school-aged children participate in organized sports?

A) about 25%
B) about 35%
C) about 45%
D) about 55%

Question 52

Gender differences in extracurricular activities are mainly found in:

A) the likelihood in participation in activities.
B) the motivation to participate in activities.
C) parental support for participation in activities.
D) the type of activity chosen.

Question 53

One of the following is not true? Boys are more likely than girls to:

A) participate in sports.
B) place a high value on sports.
C) feel competent in sports.
D) believe that practice improves sports performance.

Question 54

Research has indicated that when children are pulled out of classes more often for physical activity:

A) their academic achievement decreases.
B) their academic achievement increases.
C) their academic achievement remains stable.
D) they become less motivated to achieve academically.

Question 55

Jim Sallis designed an educational intervention to:

A) improve children's nutritional knowledge.
B) reduce children's time spent viewing television.
C) improve children's adherence to medical interventions.
D) improve children's time spent in physical activities.

Question 56

As part of a research study, Thomas Robinson first asked children to:

A) not watch television for 10 days.
B) double the amount of physical activities for 10 days.
C) eat five servings of vegetables for 10 days.
D) not eat fast food for 10 days.

Question 57

Thomas Robinson's curriculum that successfully reduced obesity rates in participating skills focused on:

A) increasing physical activity.
B) reducing television exposure.
C) increasing nutritional knowledge.
D) decreasing consumption of fast food.

Question 58

According to Robinson's research, children's weight decreases as their television viewing is decreased because:

A) when not watching TV children are more active.
B) when not watching TV children snack less.
C) when not watching TV children are less susceptible to marketing of unhealthy foods.
D) when not watching TV parents are more likely to monitor children's behaviors.

Question 59

An important finding of Robinson's research indicated that:

A) intensive individual interventions are needed to change children's behaviors.
B) school-based group curriculum can change children's behaviors.
C) simply reducing television viewing does not change children's health.
D) school-based interventions are too expensive to do on a large scale.

Question 60

A sensory deficit that involves difficulties in seeing objects clearly when they are far away is known as:

A) myopia.
B) hyperopia.
C) strabismus.
D) dyslexia.

Question 61

A sensory deficit in which the eyeball is slightly elongated in shape is known as:

A) myopia.
B) hyperopia.
C) strabismus.
D) dyslexia.

Question 62

Sensory deficits are often first diagnosed in middle childhood because:

A) children are able to describe their problems.
B) they are screened for problems before joining extracurricular activities.
C) children's deficits become a problem in the classroom.
D) children realize their peers are not struggling with the same issues.

Question 63

Which of the following is not a myth about children with disabilities?

A) deaf children cannot hear anything
B) learning abilities tend to endure into adulthood
C) ADHD is primarily a result of minimal brain injury
D) stimulants such as Ritalin are a gateway to more serious illegal drugs

Question 64

A sensory deficit that involves difficulties in seeing objects clearly when they are nearby is known as:

A) myopia.
B) hyperopia.
C) strabismus.
D) dyslexia.

Question 65

A condition in which the two eyes do not align properly with one another is known as:

A) myopia.
B) hyperopia.
C) strabismus.
D) dyslexia.

Question 66

A sensory deficit in which the eyeball is flattened slightly is known as:

A) myopia.
B) hyperopia.
C) strabismus.
D) dyslexia.

Question 67

For which sensory deficit is the treatment to wear a patch over one eye?

A) myopia
B) hyperopia
C) strabismus
D) dyslexia

Question 68

Which of the following is a risk for visual impairments?

A) family income level
B) ethnicity
C) premature birth
D) gender

Question 69

A risk factor for hearing impairments is:

A) family income level.
B) mental retardation.
C) premature birth.
D) gender.

Question 70

What percentage of American children have at least slight hearing loss in one ear?

A) 10%
B) 15%
C) 20%
D) 25%

Question 71

Children with reading problems often seem to have symptoms similar to those experienced by adults with:

A) damage to the left hemisphere of the cerebral cortex.
B) damage to the right hemisphere of the cerebral cortex.
C) damage to myelination process.
D) autism.

Question 72

Diagnosis of a learning disabilities involve testing which results in:

A) children scoring higher than would be predicted by school performance.
B) children scoring lower than would be predicted by school performance.
C) children scoring higher than typical children.
D) children scoring lower than typical children.

Question 73

Stacy is a bright child who has passed developmental milestones at normal times. She enjoys school and has settled into classroom rules and schedules. As the year goes on, she has trouble understanding the correspondence of letters and their sounds. She does not begin to read. She should be screened for:

A) dyscalculia.
B) dyslexia.
C) attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
D) autism.

Question 74

Learning disabilities seem to a result of:

A) genetics.
B) damage at birth.
C) postnatal exposure to teratogens.
D) lack of environmental stimuli.

Question 75

Which is not associated with prevalence of ADHD?

A) genetics
B) gender
C) brain volume
D) diet

Question 76

When a child is diagnosed with a learning disability, parents and teachers should:

A) be sensitive to the child's problems and wait for the child to outgrow it.
B) arrange for training so that the child will begin to perform normally.
C) arrange for training to help children to cope with an ongoing disability.
D) explore pharmaceutical and educational interventions.

Question 77

Ritalin, often prescribed to treat ADHD, is a(n):

A) stimulant drug.
B) depressant drug.
C) antipsychotic drug.
D) myelin producing drug.

Question 78

In middle childhood, firstborn children are taller than later-born children.

Question 79

Children with a television set in their room are two or three times more likely to have sleep disruptions.

Question 80

In middle childhood, a healthy diet has lifelong implications.