Deck 16: Improving Health and Quality of Life

Question 1

Although many patients benefit from being given a recording of a '''bad news''' interview, McHugh et al. (1995) found one group of individuals who may experience increased distress as a consequence. Identify the group not included.

A) Patients with poor social support
B) Patients with poor reading skills
C) Patients with a poor prognosis
D) Patients with social support

Answer 1

Patients with social support

Question 2

What types of information provision may not be of benefit to medical patients?

A) The nature of their illness
B) How to cope with their illness or its treatment
C) How to change behaviour in order to improve their prognosis
D) How to change their behaviour before they are diagnosed

Answer 2

How to change their behaviour before they are diagnosed

Question 3

Stress management training has not been found to be an effective intervention with which of the following health problems?

A) Malignant melanoma
B) Angina
C) Irritable bowel syndrome
D) Brittle bone syndrome

Answer 3

Brittle bone syndrome

Question 4

Written emotional expression may bring about short-term increases in distress and depression. But in the mid-long term:

A) May bring about worse mood in the long term
B) May bring about deteriorating physical health
C) May bring more trips to the doctor
D) May bring about better mood long term

Question 5

How effective was the ENRICHD programme in reducing the re-occurrence of heart attack?

A) Highly effective-a 15% reduction compared to a control group
B) Not at all effective
C) Treatment made things worse
D) Moderately effective-a 9% reduction compared to a control group

Question 6

Implantable cardioverter defibrillators can result in fear among people who have never received a shock as a consequence of :

A) Classical conditioning
B) Expectations of a shock
C) Operant conditioning
D) the first and the second

Question 7

Various types of information can help reduce distress. Which is not an example?

A) Treatment.
B) Disease progression.
C) Nature of disease.
D) How to change their behaviour before they are diagnosed

Question 8

Which of the following was not a key element of self-management training programmes for people with arthritis developed by Lorig

A) Improving mobility and exercise levels
B) Working with doctors and the health care team
C) Managing the emotional outcomes of medical conditions
D) Effective use of medication

Question 9

In a systematic review of 11 educational programmes for people with asthma, Gibson, Coughlan, Wilson et al. (2000) concluded that:

A) the interventions decreased knowledge.
B) the interventions improved measures of medication use, doctor visits, hospitalisation and lung function
C) the interventions did not improve measures of medication use, doctor visits, hospitalisation and lung function.
D) the first and the third only.

Question 10

Self-management programmes:

A) Work individually with patients to enhance skills acquisition
B) Provide group interventions to maximise learning from observation of others
C) Provide a didactic one-to-one teaching programme
D) Provide didactic teaching in group contexts

Question 11

Jolly et al. (2007) compared use of the Heart Manual and its live equivalent, and found that:

A) the two were comparable in their effectiveness.
B) the live programme was most effective.
C) the Heart Manual worked well, but only for people with low levels of anxiety.
D) the Heart Manual worked well, but only for people with high self-efficacy.

Question 12

According to Henderson et al. (2013) a mindfulness-based intervention proved beneficial for women in early stage breast cancer receiving radiotherapy. Which of these factors did it not improve?

A) Helplessness.
B) Depression.
C) Social isolation.
D) Hostility.

Question 13

For cardiac patients, O'Neil et al. (2014) found that a combined cognitive behavioural intervention and a behavioural risk reduction programme delivered by telephone resulted in:

A) Lower quality of life than standard.
B) The same quality of life as before intervention.
C) Lower levels of depression.
D) Higher levels of depression.

Question 14

The primary goals of psychological interventions in medical patients are to:

A) increase distress.
B) reduce disease management.
C) increase the risk of future disease or disease progression.
D) decrease distress

Question 15

Interventions to improve health and quality of life may be more effective if:

A) They are tailored to a large group
B) They do not focus on the emotional consequences of their illness
C) They focus on one off symptoms
D) They are created for the individual

Question 16

What should not be involved in a stress management intervention?

A) Problem solving
B) Cognitive restructuring
C) Relaxation
D) Admitting defeat

Question 17

Langewitz et al.'s (1997) intensified functional insulin therapy:

A) Did not involve an educational component
B) Taught participants how it felt to have irregularities in their blood sugar levels as a consequence of not exercising
C) Taught participants how it felt to have irregularities in their blood sugar levels as a consequence of eating the same meals
D) Involved a strong educational component

Question 18

Lo et al. (2010) evaluated a computer-based learning education programme to Taiwanese patients with significant burn injuries. They reported significant benefits on measures of what?

A) Use of a computer.
B) Use of pressure garments.
C) Depression.
D) Use of doctor facilities

Question 19

Franek (2013) found 'modest' improvements in pain, disability, fatigue, depression and health-related quality of life among many conditions. Which of these were not included in the systematic review?

A) Crohn's.
B) Arthritis.
C) Diabetes.
D) Stroke.

Question 20

Social support may be a way to help with disease progression, what have findings in cancer research shown what?

A) Research has not been conducted in social support and cancer
B) Failure to replicate that social support is worthwhile
C) Replication in counselling generalizes to social support
D) Replication shows that social support is worthwhile