Deck 4: Health Protective Behaviour

Question 1

Not all behaviour has a negative effect on our health and indeed can protect against illness. Which of the following describes that particular type of behaviour?

A) Behavioural immune response
B) Behavioural antigens
C) Behavioural immunogens
D) Behavioural immunostimulators

Answer 1

Behavioural immunogens

Question 2

What dimensions of non-adherence to medication were not identified by Sabaté (2003)?

A) Condition-related factors
B) System-related factors
C) Socioeconomic factors
D) Illness-related factors

Answer 2

Illness-related factors

Question 3

Which of these is not a reason that Australians aren't consuming the recommended serve of fruit and vegetables per day?

A) Taste preferences
B) Social norms
C) Attitudes
D) Lack of self-efficacy in cooking

Answer 3

Taste preferences

Question 4

An intervention designed to increase the fruit and vegetable consumption of young people (Lowe et al. 2004) used exposure, modelling and reinforcement. Which psychological paradigm did they draw from?

A) Learning theory
B) Cognitive-behavioural therapy
C) Psychoanalysis
D) Behaviour modification

Question 5

Which vitamins have been linked to the halting of cognitive decline?

A) C and E
B) C and D
C) D and E
D) C and A

Question 6

What was the outcome of the trial using vitamins C and E supplements for their potential in halting cognitive decline (Grodstein et al. 2003)?

A) Verbal fluency and short-term memory were improved when vitamin C supplements only were taken
B) Verbal fluency and short-term memory were improved when vitamin E supplements only were taken
C) Verbal fluency and short-term memory were improved when both vitamin C and E supplements were taken in conjunction
D) There was no significant improvement in verbal fluency and short-term memory when vitamin C and E supplements were taken

Question 7

In a recent large scale review and meta-analysis on fruit and vegetable consumption, Wang et al. (2014), reported:

A) Evidence of benefits for cancer risk
B) Increased all-cause mortality
C) Higher cardiovascular disease risk
D) Reduced all-cause mortality

Question 8

Exercise has been found to reduce an individual's risk of developing certain diseases. Which one of the following has it not been linked to?

A) Obesity
B) Lung cancer
C) Type II diabetes
D) Cardiovascular disease

Question 9

How much longer did the individuals who exercised at an equivalent of running twenty miles a week live according to Paffenbarger et al. (1986)?

A) 5 years
B) 6 months
C) 2 years
D) 1 year

Question 10

Which of the following chemicals are not implicated in the psychological benefits of exercise?

A) Adrenaline
B) Noradrenaline
C) Serotonin
D) Natural Opiates

Question 11

Individuals with the early signs of bone disease will benefit from what type of exercise?

A) Aerobic
B) Non-weight bearing
C) Body and muscle building
D) Increased weight bearing

Question 12

Primary prevention can provide personal _______ related to potential morbidity, which can be utilized to suggest placing preventative measures in place.

A) Risk assessment
B) Risk rate
C) Risk score
D) Risk potential

Question 13

Making a decision on the perceived pros and cons of genetic testing is sometimes referred to as

A) Utility minimisation
B) Utility maximisation
C) Utility maximation
D) Utility moderation

Question 14

According to Thomas et al. (2002), what are the benefits of breast self-examination?

A) Early detection of cancers and reduced mortality
B) Early detection of cancers and reduced need for radiotherapy
C) Early detection of cancers and earlier treatment
D) There was no benefit of BSE

Question 15

Testicular cancer is the second leading cause of death in men aged

A) Under 25
B) Over 25
C) 15 to 35
D) Over 50

Question 16

Screening for disease detection is

A) Based on the medical model
B) Based on the principal of susceptibility
C) Primary prevention
D) Secondary prevention

Question 17

Based on data from Ropka et al. (2006), what is the likely uptake of screening programmes for genetic risk of cancer?

A) 82%
B) 34%
C) 59%
D) 17%

Question 18

Which of the following has not been found to be associated with the uptake of screening and self-examination?

A) Age
B) Education
C) Self-efficacy
D) Relatives telling people they should

Question 19

According to the Department of Health (2018), rates of vaccination of children in Australia have _______ and are currently around _______.

A) Decreased, 93%
B) Increased, 93%
C) Decreased, 86%
D) Increased, 99%

Question 20

A small amount of _______ is introduced into the body during immunisation

A) Pathogen
B) Toxin
C) Antagonist
D) Antigen