Deck 5: History and Structure of American Law Enforcement

Question 1

Which of the following cities had the first modern police force?

A) New York
B) Paris
C) London
D) Rome

Answer 1

Paris

Question 2

Which of the following forms of policing has been called "the first distinctively American police system"?

A) hue and cry
B) slave patrols
C) sheriff and posse
D) constable-watch system

Answer 2

slave patrols

Question 3

By the 1970s, research began to show three of the following findings. Which does NOT belong?

A) Unattended disorderly behavior in neighborhoods is a signal to more serious criminals that residents do not care what goes on in their community and that the criminals can move in and operate with impunity.
B) A rapid response to crime does not necessarily lead to more arrests.
C) Having more police officers using methods made popular under the professional or reform model does not significantly reduce crime.
D) Neighborhood-based policing projects had high success rates because of low costs, administrative efficiency, and high citizen interest.

Answer 3

Neighborhood-based policing projects had high success rates because of low costs, administrative efficiency, and high citizen interest.

Question 4

Who were the first federal law enforcement agents in the United States?

A) DEA agents
B) FBI agents
C) Secret Service agents
D) U.S. Marshals

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a service provided by the U.S. Marshals?

A) judicial security
B) fugitive investigations
C) protect national leaders
D) witness security

Question 6

Why was the U.S. Secret Service created?

A) to combat counterfeiting
B) to conduct fugitive investigations
C) to protect national leaders
D) to provide witness security

Question 7

When the FBI was created, it was limited to investigating only a few types of crimes. Which of the following crimes was NOT one that the FBI investigated?

A) national banking crimes
B) naturalization crimes
C) drug crimes
D) peonage crimes

Question 8

Who is the longest-serving director of the FBI?

A) Harry Anslinger
B) John Hoover
C) William Burns
D) William Sessions

Question 9

Which of the following events likely made the FBI a major factor in policing?

A) passage of the Mann Act
B) passage of the National Motor Vehicle Theft Act
C) the killing of John Dillinger
D) the Lindbergh baby kidnapping

Question 10

Which of the following events did NOT contribute to the FBI's increasing influence over local policing?

A) being given responsibility for the Witness Security Program
B) being given responsibility for the uniform crime reports system
C) establishing its own crime lab
D) founding the National Police Academy

Question 11

The long-serving director of the FBI kept extensive investigative files on thousands of individuals who had been involved in controversial causes and dissident organizations. Who of the following was NOT among those individuals?

A) Helen Keller
B) Charles Bonaparte
C) Joe Namath
D) Marlon Brando

Question 12

Which of the following men has NOT been an FBI director?

A) Louis Freeh
B) William Sessions
C) Felix Frankfurter
D) Robert Mueller

Question 13

Currently, the FBI has several priorities. Which of the following is NOT among the FBI's current priorities?

A) protect the United States from terrorist attack
B) protect the United States from cyber-based attacks and high-technology crimes
C) protect civil rights
D) protect the United States from major violators of controlled substance laws operating at interstate and international levels

Question 14

Which of the following presidents created the DEA?

A) Theodore Roosevelt
B) John Kennedy
C) Richard Nixon
D) Bill Clinton

Question 15

Which of the following federal laws inaugurated America's War on Drugs?

A) the Mann Act of 1910
B) the Harrison Narcotics Act of 1914
C) the National Prohibition Act of 1919
D) the Marijuana Tax Act of 1937

Question 16

Which of the following men is considered the United States' first "drug czar"?

A) Harry Anslinger
B) John Hoover
C) John Ingersoll
D) Robert Mueller

Question 17

In 2008, the United States had about one city, county, or state law enforcement officer for every ________ residents.

A) 40
B) 400
C) 4,000
D) 40,000

Question 18

Approximately how many municipal police departments operated in the United States in 2008?

A) 125
B) 1,250
C) 12,500
D) 125,000

Question 19

There are three major differences between federal law enforcement agencies and local and state police agencies. Which of the following is NOT among those differences?

A) Federal agencies such as the FBI operate across the entire nation and even have agents serving abroad.
B) Some federal law enforcement agencies have extremely narrow jurisdictions.
C) A significant function performed by a special category of federal law enforcement officers is university or campus policing.
D) Federal police agencies do not, as a rule, have the peacekeeping or order maintenance duties typical in local policing.

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a new development in the FBI under the Obama administration?

A) nearly tripling the number of special agents investigating mortgage fraud
B) increasing the number of agents and analysts using intelligence to identify emerging health care fraud schemes
C) establishing the Financial Intelligence Center to strengthen the Bureau's financial intelligence collection and analysis
D) increasing the number of agents working on counterterrorism

Question 21

________ refers to protective services that a private security firm provides to people, agencies, and companies that do not employ their own security personnel or that need extra protection, while ________ refers to in-house protective services that a security staff provides for the entity that employs it.

A) Proprietary security; contract security
B) External security; internal security
C) Contract security; proprietary security
D) Internal security; external security

Question 22

________ is a technological and management system that aims to make the police better organized and more effective crime fighters.

A) CompStat
B) Community policing
C) Tithing
D) Constable-watch

Question 23

During the mid-nineteenth century, it was estimated that one-third to one-half of all currency in circulation in the United States was counterfeit. By comparison, the counterfeit rate today is a fraction of a percent.

Question 24

It has been reported that more than half the counterfeit money in circulation is made with ink-jet printers.

Question 25

FBI Director Hoover insisted that organized crime in the United States (at least an Italian-dominated national syndicate) did not exist.

Question 26

The FBI's covert domestic counterintelligence programs ("COINTELPROS") were used against dissidents and their organizations from 1956 through 1971.

Question 27

The Marijuana Tax Act of 1937, on its face, was not intended to prohibit the popular and therapeutic use of marijuana but rather to levy a token tax on anyone who imported, manufactured, produced, compounded, sold, dealt, dispensed, prescribed, administered, or gave away marijuana or any of its derivatives.

Question 28

More than one-half of all local police departments in the United States employ fewer than ten officers, and fewer than one percent employ more than 1,000 sworn personnel.

Question 29

The responsibilities of the eighteenth-century Paris police were much more restricted than their modern counterparts. The police of Paris provided far fewer municipal services than today's police.

Question 30

Among the models for state law enforcement services is the department of public safety model.

Question 31

"Rewards for Justice,"
a federal program that provides rewards for information that prevents or favorably resolves acts of international terrorism against U.S. citizens or property anywhere in the world, has paid more than $100 billion to more than 700 people as of October 2012.

Question 32

There are more private security companies in the United States than there are public law enforcement agencies.

Question 33

More people work in public law enforcement in the United States than work in private security.

Question 34

The majority of private security personnel receive no training before starting their jobs.

Question 35

The fatality rate for security guards and gaming surveillance officers is at least twice as high as the rate for all workers.

Question 36

Your textbook lists 18 core elements of the security field. Name 10 of these 18 elements.

Question 37

The Department of Homeland Security is comprised of many components: directorates, offices, advisory panels, and committees. Name and describe six of these components.

Question 38

A local commuter train has a suspicious package on it, found during rush hour. Several passengers said an individual dressed in dark clothes with a full-face mask on entered the train at one of its stations, dropped off the package, and exited immediately. Other passengers immediately left the train and called for security. Security personnel evacuated the train and set up a perimeter of safety and shut down all train service coming into and exiting the station. Twenty minutes later, local police received an anonymous call stating that a bomb was placed on a commuter train and was set to detonate in 24-48 hours unless some prisoners were released from an overseas detention center in a Middle East country. What U.S. agencies would have some jurisdiction over the incident?