Deck 10: Stresses and Strains

Question 1

Sarah was planning to attend a meeting of a reading group on her university campus. However, when she heard that her classmate Jessica would also be there, she decided not to go. In the context of research on relational values, Sarah's degree of acceptance of Jessica can be described as that of:

A) maximal inclusion.
B) passive inclusion.
C) active exclusion.
D) maximal exclusion.

Answer 1

active exclusion.

Question 2

Roan and Paul decided to organize a reunion of all their old classmates living in and around New York City. After inviting everyone, they decided on a date and venue. A few days later, Maria, one of the invitees, informed them that she would not be able to make it on that particular day but was free the next day. They were disappointed to hear this but decided to go ahead with the plan anyway. In the context of research on relational values, their degree of acceptance of Maria can be described as that of:

A) maximal inclusion.
B) active inclusion.
C) passive inclusion.
D) ambivalence.

Answer 2

active inclusion.

Question 3

Which of the following factors has the greatest effect on momentary judgments of our self-worth?

A) Maximum exclusion
B) Active exclusion
C) Passive exclusion
D) All of these have a nearly equal effect.

Answer 3

All of these have a nearly equal effect.

Question 4

In the context of research on reactions to rejection, which of the following statements is true?

A) Marijuana intensifies the pain one experiences due to relational devaluation.
B) Constant rejection causes more negative feelings than a pattern of decreasing acceptance from someone.
C) When people who experienced romantic rejection were studied in fMRI scanners, their brains responded as if they were experiencing real pain.
D) Unlike people with a dismissing style of attachment, people with an avoidant style of attachment experience more pain when others withdraw or show decreasing interest with time in their relationship.

Question 5

According to Sommer and Rubin, which of the following statements is true of how people with low self-esteem react when they are ostracized compared with people with high self-esteem?

A) They are more likely to forgive the partner who ostracizes them and to forget the incident.
B) They are more likely to stay with someone who ostracizes them but to carry a grudge.
C) They are more likely to stop ostracizing others after the experience.
D) They are relatively unlikely to put up with this treatment.

Question 6

According to Guerrero, the three feelings that best define jealousy are:

A) shame, envy, and anger.
B) fear, shame, and pride.
C) envy, hurt, and pride.
D) fear, hurt, and anger.

Question 7

According to Buunk and Djikstra, reactive jealousy occurs when:

A) someone becomes suspicious although there is no threat to the relationship.
B) someone is snooping around to confirm suspicions.
C) someone becomes jealous in response to another's jealousy.
D) someone becomes aware of an actual threat to the relationship.

Question 8

According to research by Rydell, which of the following statements is true of one's tendency to feel jealous?

A) Men are more prone to jealousy than women are.
B) Highly extraverted people are more prone to jealousy than introverted people are.
C) People with a dismissing style of attachment are more prone to jealousy than those with a preoccupied style of attachment.
D) People with a lower CLalt are more prone to jealousy than those with a higher CL_alt.

Question 9

According to Massar and Buunk, both men and women tend to be jealous of rivals who are:

A) physically attractive.
B) dominant.
C) rich.
D) independent.

Question 10

Studies conducted by Haselton and Galperin have found that sexual selection may have favored men who were too suspicious of their partners' faithfulness over those who were not suspicious enough. This is because men face potential evolutionary costs in:

A) raising children who are not their own.
B) choosing a partner who will not provide for their children.
C) appearing weak in front of their peers.
D) appearing weak in front of their spouses.

Question 11

To cope with their feelings of jealousy, women sometimes try to induce jealousy in their partners. Which of the following is a primary danger in this strategy?

A) It can create anger in the partner, which may erupt into acting aggressively toward the rival.
B) It may drive the partner away.
C) The woman may become more attracted to her new interest than to her original partner.
D) None of the answers is correct; this strategy usually works.

Question 12

According to research on deception and lying, which of the following statements is true?

A) Most lies in close relationships are easily detected by the liar's partner.
B) Most of the lies people tell are small, white lies of convenience.
C) Most lies are told to benefit others.
D) Most lies in close relationships are greedy, consequential lies.

Question 13

With regard to research on lie detection, which of the following statements is true?

A) People always avoid eye contact and look nervous when they lie.
B) People are more animated when they lie.
C) People generally fidget a lot when they lie.
D) There is not a single nonverbal cue that is uniquely related to deception.