Deck 11: Physical Development Through the Curriculum

Question 1

The skills involved in control of the large muscles of the legs, arms, back, and shoulders needed for large body movements such as crawling, running, jumping, and climbing are known as ______ development.

A) fine motor
B) gross motor
C) manipulative
D) sensory-perceptual

Answer 1

gross motor

Question 2

The skills involved in the use of the small muscles of the fingers and hands necessary for such tasks as picking up objects, writing, drawing, and buttoning are known as ______ development.

A) fine motor
B) gross motor
C) manipulative
D) sensory-perceptual

Answer 2

fine motor

Question 3

Conveying information that comes through the senses, and the meaning that it is given, involves ______ development.

A) fine motor
B) gross motor
C) manipulative
D) sensory-perceptual

Answer 3

sensory-perceptual

Question 4

An explanation of human development dependent on information about when children achieve specific skills is known as ______.

A) locomotion
B) body control
C) maturational theory
D) the perceptual motor model

Question 5

A theoretical view of physical development that holds that motor behaviors are a prerequisite for and lead to cognitive abilities is known as ______.

A) locomotion
B) body control
C) maturational theory
D) the perceptual motor model

Question 6

Repetition of certain motor patterns lead children to form representations of experiences known as ______.

A) schemas
B) manipulatives
C) locomotion
D) kinesthetics

Question 7

Children begin to explore the influence of their actions on the environment at around ______.

A) two weeks
B) six months
C) three years
D) five years

Question 8

Landon has been assigned a project where he observes the fine motor development of young children. Which of the following movements would interest him?

A) Charlee traces drawings with a pencil.
B) Andre lifts a box over his head.
C) Betty experiments with skipping.
D) Glen jumps over a puddle.

Question 9

Which of Piaget's levels of development is the preoperational stage?

A) first
B) second
C) third
D) fourth

Question 10

In the third year of life, children ______.

A) become toddlers
B) begin the sensorimotor stage
C) begin the preoperational stage
D) are incapable of symbolic thinking

Question 11

Self-movement from place to place is also called ______.

A) perception
B) schemas
C) manipulatives
D) locomotion

Question 12

If Chase is an average child, he will take his first step on his own at around the age of ______.

A) six months
B) one year
C) eighteen months
D) two years

Question 13

Sophie is an average child who just learned to turn from front to back. How old is she?

A) just over two weeks
B) just over two months
C) just over six months
D) just over one year

Question 14

Rosa watches four children jumping. If they are all developing at the average rate, which child does Rosa identify as being three years old?

A) Wolfgang, who has both feet briefly off the ground when he steps off a step
B) Artie, who can execute a broad jump
C) Lucinda, who can jump over a 5-inch-tall block
D) Cydnee, who can jump forward on both feet 5 times in a row

Question 15

Gina is eighteen months old. If you wanted to see if she has normal fine motor skills, which task would you see if she could do?

A) hold a crayon
B) spread peanut butter with a knife
C) brush her teeth
D) build a bridge with blocks

Question 16

Which holding technique usually develops last?

A) pincer grasp
B) tripod grasp
C) palmar grasp
D) reflexive grasp

Question 17

An early childhood teacher's first concern with any objects children might put into their mouths should be whether the objects are ______.

A) tasty
B) edible
C) replaceable
D) safe

Question 18

Studies have shown that when newborns smell bananas, they ______.

A) react favorably
B) show disgust
C) have no reaction
D) become ill

Question 19

Selecting the important features of a complex environment, focusing on the salient aspects of those features, identifying those features, and discriminating them from others is known as ______.

A) sensation
B) perception
C) locomotion
D) eye-hand coordination

Question 20

The translation of sensory information into intelligent behavior is known as ______.

A) eye-hand coordination
B) locomotion
C) sensory integration
D) sensation

Question 21

Linda wants to increase the physical fitness component of her preschool class. Which of the following activities would be the most appropriate way to do this?

A) Divide the students into teams and have a basketball game to earn a trophy.
B) Have a boys versus girls game of tug-of-war.
C) Build an obstacle course for teams where each child completes one of the obstacles.
D) Have a race to see who is the fastest runner in the class.

Question 22

What has been labeled as an epidemic public health crisis for school-aged children today?

A) anorexia
B) pneumonia
C) influenza
D) obesity

Question 23

Peggy runs a multi-age child care and education facility. In which of her age-based classes is it most appropriate for her to begin using organized games for much of her physical education curriculum?

A) the infant class
B) the toddler class
C) the preschool class
D) the second-grade class

Question 24

Morgan was supposed to be helping with the 3- and 4-year-old class, but she was unsure of which room to go to. When she peeked through the doors and observed the block play of children, she was able to figure it out. What did she see in the 3- and 4-year-old classroom?

A) children carrying individual blocks as they roamed around
B) children repeatedly scooping blocks into buckets and dumping them
C) children creating enclosures and decorative patterns
D) children creating buildings and props for dramatic play

Question 25

Bri is going to have her preschool class do a focused exploration of blocks. Which of the following is the most appropriate thing for her to say to them in this case as they begin the activity?

A) You may use these blocks in any way you choose for the next twenty minutes.
B) Which blocks should be used for the bottom layer of your mountain?
C) Just build things exactly like I show you, and I will explain why later.
D) Most of you boys are building houses that have at least one crooked wall.

Question 26

Lydia just received a donation to buy blocks for her class. She realizes that what they need more than anything is a set of blocks they can use to create vehicles they can ride in during dramatic play. Which type of blocks should Lydia purchase?

A) cardboard blocks resembling bricks
B) unit blocks
C) large hollow blocks
D) double unit blocks

Question 27

The basic unit block is about how many inches long?

A) 2
B) 4
C) 6
D) 8

Question 28

About how long and wide are large hollow blocks with carrying slits in them?

A) 6 inches
B) 1 foot
C) 1 yard
D) 6 feet

Question 29

Unit blocks are usually made from ______.

A) metal
B) corrugated cardboard
C) hardwood
D) hollow plastic

Question 30

Elsie has just come to a table where her students have been creating with blocks. Which of the following is the most appropriate statement she can make in this case?

A) Nice work girls; you rule over the boys!
B) Next time slow down. This is a bit sloppy.
C) This is a diagonal structure.
D) Remember, a tower should be big and strong.

Question 31

Jorge is laying out the areas of his classroom. His wife asks him where he wants to put the block area. What would be the most appropriate answer?

A) right in front of his desk
B) next to the dramatic play area
C) in an isolated corner at the back of the room
D) as far from the housekeeping area as possible

Question 32

Sensory materials involving visual and tactile discrimination are called ______.

A) unit blocks
B) manipulatives
C) ballistics
D) tripod grasps

Question 33

Manipulatives with only one solution are called ______.

A) unit blocks
B) kinesthetically aware
C) self-correcting
D) open-ended

Question 34

Which of the following is a self-correcting manipulative?

A) Legos
B) Montessori materials
C) Lincoln Logs
D) magnetic numbers and math symbols

Question 35

Ariel wants to have her students gain creativity by playing with manipulatives that are open-ended. Which of the following products would be the best for her to purchase?

A) a puzzle
B) Montessori materials
C) Legos
D) model airplane kits

Question 36

The primary benefit of cardboard compared to other puzzle materials is ______.

A) affordability
B) durability
C) versatility
D) reproducibility

Question 37

Puzzles of three to six pieces are best for ______.

A) infants
B) toddlers
C) older preschoolers
D) primary grades

Question 38

How many pieces should puzzles for dexterous 5- to 8-year-olds include?

A) 3-6
B) 10-20
C) 25-100
D) 500-1000

Question 39

Variously shaped flat blocks, including diamonds and parallelograms, that can be assembled into different patterns on a form board are called ______.

A) unit blocks
B) parquetry blocks
C) Lincoln Logs
D) Montessori materials

Question 40

Stringing beads in a predetermined pattern helps young children improve ______.

A) matching and sequencing skills
B) gross motor coordination
C) imagination and creativity
D) locomotion

Question 41

Which type of sensory activity is primarily done for tactile enjoyment?

A) block play
B) sand play
C) dramatic play
D) outdoor play

Question 42

Todd wants his young students to complete a sensory activity purely for enjoyment. Which of the following activities would best meet his objective?

A) letting them run through a sprinkler and fill buckets with water
B) having them identify a toy by feeling it while blindfolded
C) asking them to compare the brightness of four sheets of paper
D) having them identify different types of fruit juice by sipping them

Question 43

An activity that uses and integrates more than one sensory modality is ______.

A) Montessori product
B) self-correcting activity
C) cross-modal intersensory activity
D) sensorimotor stage exploration

Question 44

Mr. Burt, a student teacher, has been asked by his university advisor to create an activity in which his early childhood students will perform a seriation of plastic cups in the dramatic play area. Which of the following activities best meets this requirement?

A) ordering the cups from shortest to tallest
B) sorting the cups by red, blue, and green
C) dropping the cups to hear the different sounds they make
D) filling the cups with sand and then mixing it with water

Question 45

Ms. Fish has been asked by the head teach at her preschool to have the children participate in a classification activity. Which of the following activities best meets this requirement?

A) putting musical instruments in order from loudest to quietest
B) tasting different juices and identifying the main fruit ingredient
C) looking at pictures of animals and labeling them as walkers, flyers, or swimmers
D) smelling different foods to decide which one would taste the best

Question 46

In the early childhood classroom, nutrition should be ______.

A) covered once a year
B) mentioned once a month
C) discussed regularly and continually
D) discussed only if an issue arises

Question 47

When teachers use cooking activities in early childhood settings, ______.

A) the type of food being prepared is irrelevant
B) the dishes should not require actual cooking
C) they must accept that kids have a low level of hygiene
D) the food should reflect the culture of the students

Question 48

Which food would be most appropriate to prepare with children in an early childhood setting?

A) chocolate cake
B) taco salad
C) double fudge cookies
D) fried hot dogs

Question 49

Nikole is going to do a cooking activity with her students, who are ages three and four. Which of the following is the best thing she can do to help them understand the process?

A) Give each child a notecard with detailed instructions.
B) Make them recite the steps in the correct order.
C) Hang up a large poster with pictures of the steps.
D) Assign them each a number to be called when it is their turn to help.

Question 50

Miss Crystal is doing a cooking activity with the early childhood education class she student teaches in. Her host teacher is evaluating her. Which of the following actions will most likely be marked negatively on the evaluation?

A) Miss Crystal cooks Lumpia, or Filipino eggrolls, because many of her students are Filipinos.
B) Miss Crystal eliminates cutting items with a knife by using pre-cut ingredients.
C) Miss Crystal divides the process into multiple steps so everyone has a role.
D) Miss Crystal simplifies the process by using one fork for the kids to share while tasting the food.

Question 51

Mr. Jim is designing a food preparation activity for his students, who are two-year-olds. Which food item would be most appropriate for this group to prepare?

A) cheese and crackers
B) layered banana pudding
C) fresh cut French fries
D) Swiss and mushroom burgers

Question 52

Mr. Crane is doing a cooking activity with his preschoolers. The first step involves dicing vegetables in a food processor. Which of the following is the safest way for Mr. Crane and his students to do this step?

A) Give each kid a food processor and have them all hit the power button at the exact same time.
B) Mr. Crane can have each group raise their hands when they are ready, and go to the food processors one at a time to watch them perform the step.
C) Have one student in each group serve as a safety monitor as the groups use their food processors.
D) Have one food processor at his desk, and call up kids individually to use it as he watches closely.

Question 53

When a health issue such as an allergy requires a child to receive differential treatment from other students, how is the situation best approached in the classroom?

A) The subject should be kept quiet.
B) The topic should be added to the curriculum.
C) The subject should be informally mentioned if it comes up.
D) The student's parents and doctors should address the class.

Question 54

One study has shown that a good preschool program that addressed health topics led to children being ______.

A) healthier for up to a year afterwards
B) less likely to adopt healthy habits
C) healthier for many decades afterwards
D) more likely to mirror their parents' health habits

Question 55

Gus helps out at a preschool. Every time he sees a toddler step onto a stool or ramp, he rushes over and steadies them. What message is he inadvertently sending to the kids?

A) They can overcome any challenge.
B) They are unable to do things on their own.
C) Their parents do not care about their safety.
D) They cannot get hurt.

Question 56

Recess moms are parents dedicated to ______.

A) providing developmentally appropriate play materials to schools
B) making sure kids have time to play daily at school
C) ensuring kids are spending enough time in study
D) making sure teachers get time for physical activity for themselves

Question 57

Children with cognitive disabilities and developmental delays ______.

A) can develop stamina and coordination through large motor activities
B) should be excluded from activities using large motor skills
C) should be excluded from activities using fine motor skills
D) often exhibit physical skills more advanced than other children

Question 58

Mrs. Lugar has a few students who obviously come from households with views on nutrition and exercise that differ from her school's philosophy. What should she do to address the situation?

A) Quietly do what she feels should be done without letting the parents know.
B) Change the program to reflect the wishes of the parents.
C) Explain the school's philosophy to the parents and ask the parents about theirs.
D) Alternate days of following the school's guidelines and the parents' guidelines.

Question 59

When it comes to potential health issues, early childhood schools should ______.

A) avoid getting involved
B) assume full responsibility for the health of their students
C) coordinate with government agencies to inform the parents
D) provide free healthcare

Question 60

The large number of children who are overweight due to unhealthy habits is referred to as ______.

A) gross motor development
B) the physical fitness crisis
C) the obesity epidemic
D) kinesthetic deficiency

Question 61

Fine motor development skills involve the small muscles of the hands.

Question 62

Physical development has traditionally been examined from a perceptual motor model viewpoint.

Question 63

The movements of newborns are voluntary.

Question 64

The basic means of locomotion is walking.

Question 65

The object of ballistics skills is to maintain balance.

Question 66

Sports are important for building confidence in toddlers.

Question 67

Outdoor obstacle courses should not be used in early childhood programs.

Question 68

Puzzles are self-correcting manipulatives.

Question 69

Puzzles for toddlers should have 12 to 15 pieces.

Question 70

Most children are reluctant to play with water.

Question 71

Sensory experiences can be simply for pleasure for older children.

Question 72

Most of our sensory information comes through our noses.

Question 73

Some cooking procedures require one-on-one interaction between teachers and students.

Question 74

Even very young students correctly interpret safety information.

Question 75

Teachers should avoid products designed to confine infants.

Question 76

The toddler environment should be cleared of any objects to climb.

Question 77

Children with out-of-control behavior issues should use wooden blocks.

Question 78

Schools are becoming responsible for fewer aspects of children's care.

Question 79

Schools must teach in the way specified by a child's parents.

Question 80

Many parents expect their young children to be engaged in passive learning.