Deck 15: Sensation, Neurons and Nervous Systems

Question 1

We are capable of perceiving many different tastes via the action of taste buds on our tongues. Which of the following statements regarding how taste buds work is true?

A) A single taste bud cell can perceive sweet, sour, and salty tastes.
B) Taste bud cells are neurons.
C) A single taste bud cell can perceive only one type of taste.
D) Taste bud cells do not use neurotransmitters.

Answer 1

A single taste bud cell can perceive only one type of taste.

Question 2

Vertigo can be caused when lymph within the semicircular canals fails to move smoothly along the hair cells. This is because

A) it can affect the transmission of nervous impulses controlling vision.
B) it can adversely affect hearing.
C) it results in incorrect information about position being sent to the brain.
D) it blocks the conduction of action potentials from the ear drums.

Answer 2

it results in incorrect information about position being sent to the brain.

Question 3

Dogs have a superior sense of smell relative to humans because they

A) have more chemoreceptors.
B) have more hair cells.
C) have bigger noses.
D) spend more time thinking about smells.

Answer 3

have more chemoreceptors.

Question 4

After reading the paragraph below, answer the question(s) that follow(s).
Walter has noticed that, as he has gotten older, his peripheral nervous system has been in decline. For example, his visual abilities have declined markedly-in particular his night vision is poor. Also, his ability to perceive tastes is much less active than in his youth.

-Walter's poor night vision is caused by

A) age effects on cone cells.
B) age effects on rod cells.
C) age effects on the cornea.
D) age effects on the iris.

Question 5

After reading the paragraph below, answer the question(s) that follow(s).
Walter has noticed that, as he has gotten older, his peripheral nervous system has been in decline. For example, his visual abilities have declined markedly-in particular his night vision is poor. Also, his ability to perceive tastes is much less active than in his youth.

-Walter's reduced ability to sense tastes is caused by

A) age effects on taste bud cells.
B) age effects on rod ells.
C) age effects on myelinated neurons.
D) age effects on the tongue epithelium.

Question 6

In a neuronal action potential, the primary voltage-gated channel(s) involved is/are the

A) calcium and potassium channels.
B) sodium and calcium channels.
C) sodium and potassium channels.
D) sodium channel.

Question 7

At rest, the inside of the neuron is more ________ than the outside.

A) positively charged.
B) negatively charged.
C) hydrated.
D) active.

Question 8

Which of the following statements regarding neurotransmitters is correct?

A) They are released from satellite cells and stimulate neurons.
B) They are released from the synaptic terminal into the synaptic cleft.
C) Most neurotransmitters are simple sugars like glucose and fructose.
D) Once released, neurotransmitters are very long-lived.

Question 9

After reading the paragraph below, answer the question(s) that follow(s).
Bob was in a terrible automobile accident and sustained damage to his autonomic nervous system. In particular, his parasympathetic nervous system was seriously damaged and has lost its function.

-Which of the following bodily functions would not be affected by this?

A) heart rate
B) the digestive system
C) skeletal muscles
D) the pancreas

Question 10

After reading the paragraph below, answer the question(s) that follow(s).
Bob was in a terrible automobile accident and sustained damage to his autonomic nervous system. In particular, his parasympathetic nervous system was seriously damaged and has lost its function.

-Which of the following bodily functions would tend to be stimulated in the absence of parasympathetic input?

A) heart rate
B) the digestive system
C) skeletal muscles
D) the pancreas