Deck 16: The Infant

Question 1

When does the posterior fontanelle close?

A) 2 to 3 months
B) 3 to 6 months
C) 6 to 9 months
D) 9 to 12 months

Answer 1

2 to 3 months

Question 2

The nurse discusses child-proofing the home for safety with the mother of a 9-month-old.Which statement made by the mother would indicate an unsafe behavior?

A) "I put covers on all of the electrical outlets."
B) "In the car, she rides in a front-facing car seat."
C) "There are locks on all of the cabinets in the house."
D) "I have a gate at the top and bottom of the stairs."

Answer 2

"In the car, she rides in a front-facing car seat."

Question 3

What statement made by a parent indicates correct understanding of infant feeding?

A) "I've been mixing rice cereal and formula in the baby's bottle."
B) "I switched the baby to low-fat milk at 9 months."
C) "The baby really likes little pieces of chocolate."
D) "I give the baby any new foods before he takes his bottle."

Answer 3

"I give the baby any new foods before he takes his bottle."

Question 4

A mother calls the pediatrician's office because her infant is "colicky." What is the most helpful measure the nurse can suggest to the mother?

A) Sing songs to the infant in a soft voice.
B) Place the infant in a well-lit room.
C) Walk around and massage the infant's back.
D) Rock the fussy infant slowly and gently.

Question 5

What would the nurse expect a 4-month-old to be able to accomplish?

A) Hold a cup.
B) Stand with assistance.
C) Lift head and shoulders.
D) Sit with back straight.

Question 6

A mother is concerned because her 10-month-old is lethargic.What is the best action the nurse can advise this mother to implement?

A) Keep the infant's room well lit.
B) Rub the infant's soles vigorously.
C) Offer the infant a pacifier.
D) Handle the infant slowly and gently.

Question 7

What will the nurse advise a parent to do when introducing solid foods?

A) Begin with one tablespoon of food.
B) Mix foods together.
C) Eliminate a refused food from the diet.
D) Introduce each new food 4 to 7 days apart.

Question 8

At what age does an infant's birth weight triple?

A) 9 months
B) 1 year
C) 18 months
D) 2 years

Question 9

Which statement indicates the mother of an 8-month-old understands infant sleep patterns?

A) "I put the baby in my bed until she falls asleep, then I put her in her crib."
B) "I let the baby skip an afternoon nap so that she will fall asleep earlier."
C) "I put the pacifier in the crib so that she can find it when she wakes up."
D) "I rock the baby back to sleep if she wakes up at night."

Question 10

What is the most appropriate activity to recommend to parents to promote sensorimotor stimulation for a 1-year-old?

A) Ride a tricycle.
B) Spend time in an infant swing.
C) Play with push-pull toys.
D) Read large picture books.

Question 11

What is the earliest age at which the infant should be able to walk independently?

A) 8 to 10 months
B) 12 to 15 months
C) 15 to 18 months
D) 18 to 21 months

Question 12

What is the earliest age at which an infant is able to sit steadily alone?

A) 4 months
B) 5 months
C) 8 months
D) 15 months

Question 13

What is an abnormal finding in an evaluation of growth and development for a 6-month-old infant?

A) Weight gain of 4 to 7 ounces per week
B) Length increase of 1 inch in 2 months
C) Head lag present
D) Can sit alone for a few seconds

Question 14

The nurse is assessing development in a 9-month-old infant.What would the nurse expect to observe?

A) Speaking in 2-word sentences
B) Grasping objects with palmar grasp
C) Creeping along the floor
D) Beginning to use a spoon rather sloppily

Question 15

The mother of an infant born prematurely tells the nurse,"The baby is irritable. She cries during diaper changes and feedings.Can you make some suggestions about what I should do to soothe her?" What is the most appropriate recommendation to help this parent?

A) Play the radio or TV while you feed the infant.
B) Put the infant in a room with sunlight.
C) Wrap the infant snugly when you hold them.
D) Change the infant's position quickly.

Question 16

The nurse is talking with a parent about tooth eruption.What teeth will the nurse explain are the first deciduous teeth to erupt?

A) Lower central incisors
B) Upper central incisors
C) Lower lateral incisors
D) Upper lateral incisors

Question 17

A parent is concerned because her infant has a diaper rash.What is the best action the nurse would advise the parent to implement?

A) Use commercial diaper wipes to clean the area.
B) Apply a protective ointment on the area.
C) Change the infant's diaper less frequently.
D) Keep the diaper area covered all of the time.

Question 18

The parent of a 3-month-old infant asks the nurse,"At what age do infants usually begin drinking from a cup?" What is the nurse's most accurate response?

A) 5 months
B) 9 months
C) 1 year
D) 2 years

Question 19

The nurse observes a 10-month-old infant using her index finger and thumb to pick up pieces of cereal.What does this behavior indicate the infant has developed?

A) The pincer grasp
B) A grasp reflex
C) Prehension ability
D) The parachute reflex

Question 20

A parent brings a 6-month-old infant to the pediatric clinic for her well-baby examination.Her birth weight was 8 pounds,2 ounces.What will the nurse weighing the infant today would expect her weight to be?

A) At least 12 pounds
B) At least 16 pounds
C) At least 20 pounds
D) At least 24 pounds

Question 21

What should the teaching plan include about infant fall precautions?

A) Remove all unsteady furniture.
B) Keep crib rails up and in locked position.
C) Steady infant with hand when on changing table.
D) Use tray attachment on high chair as restraint.
E) Keep infant seat on the floor.

Question 22

The nurse is preparing to outline principles of discipline for parents of an infant.What information should the nurse include?

A) Firmly say "No."
B) Distract the child to another activity.
C) Bribe the child with a sweet treat.
D) Remain consistent.
E) Ignore the child until behavior improves.

Question 23

The nurse is educating parents of a 2-month-old about immunizations.What immunizations against illness should their child receive?

A) Pertussis (whooping cough)
B) Influenza
C) Diptheria
D) Tetanus
E) Polio
F)None of above

Question 24

______________ is characterized by periods of unexplained irritability and crying in a healthy,well-fed infant.

Question 25

The nurse cautions that children who have unmet hunger needs will likely display which characteristic(s)?

A) Irritability
B) Ineffective feeding patterns
C) No predictable sleep-wake cycle
D) Distrust
E) Effective parent bonding

Question 26

How might the nurse demonstrate the parachute reflex with an infant?

A) Lifting the infant high in the air above her head
B) Holding the infant in a football hold, cradling the head
C) Seating the infant in a stroller in an upright position
D) Thrusting the infant downward into the crib

Question 27

The nurse cautions parents to place their infant in the ______________ position,rather than on his or her stomach,to reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS).

Question 28

What will the nurse take into consideration when educating parents regarding infant nutrition?

A) Cultural practices
B) Sex of the infant
C) Parental knowledge
D) Infant's developmental level
E) Parent-child interaction

Question 29

The nurse explains that the second process of self-mobility an infant learns is seen at the age of 9 months,when the infant begins to ___________.

Question 30

The nurse explains that an infant's prehensile development is progressive and logical.Arrange the development in the order from the simplest to the most complex.Put a comma and space between each answer choice (a,b,c,d,etc.)

A) Hands held open most of the time
B) Grasps with thumb on one side and three fingers on the other
C) Picks up toy with squeeze action
D) Thumb and forefinger hold object
E) Hands held closed most of the time

Question 31

The nurse is assessing a 1-year-old infant in the pediatric office.What finding should the nurse report to the physician immediately?

A) Respiratory rate of 60 breaths per minute
B) Pulse rate of 100 beats per minute
C) Minimal verbalization
D) Fussy behavior

Question 32

The nurse is aware that the 7-month-old can signal feeding readiness by which action(s)?

A) Pulling spoon toward mouth
B) Biting at spoon with upper and lower incisors
C) Pointing to food bowl
D) Bouncing up and down with excitement at sight of food
E) Manipulating finger foods

Question 33

Parents of a 6-month-old infant ask the nurse why it is necessary to offer iron-rich formula to their child.What is the correct response?

A) "The infant has limited ability to produce red blood cells."
B) "The infant has ineffective digestive enzymes."
C) "The infant has exhausted maternal iron stores."
D) "The infant has need of the iron to support dentition."

Question 34

Parents of an infant inform the nurse they are planning home preparation of solid foods.What directions should the nurse provide?

A) Boil foods in a large amount of water.
B) Do not freeze foods.
C) Add 1 teaspoon of salt per cup.
D) Puree food in electric blender.
E) Add sugar sparingly.

Question 35

A new mother is voicing concern she is breastfeeding her newborn too frequently.How often does the nurse instruct this mother she should expect her newborn to feed?

A) Every 2 to 3 hours
B) Every 4 to 6 hours
C) Every 6 to 8 hours
D) Every 8 to 10 hours