Deck 2: Basics of Human Biology

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT one of the taxonomic classification categories for animals?

A) organism
B) phylum
C) kingdom
D) species

Answer 1

organism

Question 2

When we look at an organism's evolutionary relationships, we are examining its

A) systology.
B) biology.
C) morphology.
D) phylogeny.

Answer 2

phylogeny.

Question 3

When we look at an organism's inner and outer form and structure, we are examining its

A) systology.
B) biology.
C) morphology.
D) phylogeny.

Answer 3

morphology.

Question 4

The most common system for classifying organisms in use today is the

A) Linnean classification method.
B) linear classification method.
C) phylogenic classification method.
D) taxonomic classification method.

Question 5

Characteristics that are unique to a species are called

A) ancestral.
B) derived.
C) shared derived.
D) mature.

Question 6

Traits or structure shared by all or most species in a group are called

A) ancestral.
B) derived.
C) shared derived.
D) mature.

Question 7

Features common to some species but not others are called _____________ traits.

A) ancestral
B) derived
C) shared derived
D) mature

Question 8

An animal's _____________ consists of it observable, measurable traits.

A) mesotype
B) phylotype
C) prototype
D) phenotype

Question 9

The surface of the human body is covered by

A) connective tissue.
B) epithelial tissue.
C) Both A and B are correct.
D) Neither A nor B is correct.

Question 10

Much of the internal cohesion of the human body is created by

A) connective tissue.
B) epithelial tissue.
C) Both A and B are correct.
D) Neither A nor B is correct.

Question 11

Cartilage, blood, and bone are

A) connective tissue.
B) epithelial tissue.
C) Both A and B are correct.
D) Neither A nor B is correct.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a type of muscle?

A) smooth
B) skeletal
C) epithelial
D) cardiac

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT one of the main regions of the human skeleton?

A) the skull
B) the vertebral column (backbone)
C) the torso
D) the lower appendages

Question 14

The major regions of the skull include

A) the occiput, the cranium, the opticular grid, and the jaw.
B) the opticular grid, the cranium, the upper jaw, and the lower jaw.
C) the occiput, the cranium, and the mandible.
D) the cranium and the mandible.

Question 15

The _____________ make(s) up the upper jaw and central face.

A) foramen magnum
B) temporal bones
C) parietal bones
D) maxillae

Question 16

The opening at the bottom of the skull is called the

A) foramen magnum.
B) temporal bones.
C) parietal bones.
D) maxillae.

Question 17

Two _____________ make up the sides of the head around the ears.

A) foramen magnum
B) temporal bones
C) parietal bones
D) maxillae

Question 18

Two _____________ create the sides and top of the cranium.

A) foramen magnum
B) temporal bones
C) parietal bones
D) maxillae

Question 19

Blood consists of

A) plasma, red blood cells (leukocytes), white blood cells (erythrocyctes), and platelets.
B) plasma, red blood cells (erythrocyctes), white blood cells (leukocytes), and platelets.
C) plasma, red blood cells (leukocytes), white blood cells (erythrocyctes), platelets, and enzymes.
D) plasma, red blood cells (erythrocyctes), white blood cells (leukocytes), platelets, and enzymes.

Question 20

Hormones are produced in the

A) thyroid.
B) endocrine glands.
C) Both A and B are correct.
D) Neither A nor B is correct.

Question 21

Chyme is

A) the hormone that allows water absorption.
B) the clotting agent within blood platelets.
C) the membrane lining the fallopian tubes.
D) the mixture of gastric juices and partially-digested food.

Question 22

Ovaries are important for

A) the production of hormones.
B) the storage of egg cells.
C) Both A and B are correct.
D) Neither A nor B is correct.

Question 23

Testes are important for

A) the production of hormones.
B) the production of sperm.
C) Both A and B are correct.
D) Neither A nor B is correct.

Question 24

The somatic part of the peripheral nervous system

A) produces the sensory and motor neurons.
B) regulates the flow of sensory and motor neurons.
C) includes the neurons that work without direct conscious control.
D) includes the neurons that react to conscious control.

Question 25

Air inhaled into the lungs

A) transports oxygen for absorption into the blood system for distribution via the leukocytes.
B) transports oxygen for absorption into the blood system for distribution via the erythrocytes.
C) transports oxygen for absorption into the blood system for distribution via blood platelets.
D) None of these answers is correct.

Question 26

The study of the inner and outer form and structure of organisms is called

A) taxonomy.
B) morphology.
C) physiology.
D) phylogeny.

Question 27

The shoulder girdle consists of all of the following bones EXCEPT

A) the clavicle.
B) the hyoid.
C) the scapula.
D) the collar bone.

Question 28

Hormones can be divided into which of the following two general categories?

A) steroid hormones and estrogen-derived hormones
B) steroid hormones and amino acid-derived hormones
C) amino acid-derived hormones and testosterone-derived hormones
D) testosterone-derived hormones and estrogen-derived hormones

Question 29

A mixture of gastric juices and partially digested food is called

A) condyles.
B) chyme.
C) sesamoids.
D) alveoli.

Question 30

Along with the cervical vertebrae, the other bone in the neck is called the

A) ischium.
B) acetabulum.
C) scapula.
D) hyoid.

Question 31

Each os coxae consists of all of the following bones EXCEPT the

A) ischium.
B) pubis.
C) acetabulum.
D) ilium.

Question 32

Which of the following is NOT one of the parts of the vertebral column?

A) skeletal muscle
B) vertebrae
C) cartilage rings
D) nerve tissues

Question 33

The thorax is composed of all of the following EXCEPT the

A) breastbone.
B) clavicle.
C) sternum.
D) ribs.

Question 34

Which of the following is NOT related to male reproduction?

A) prostate glands
B) Cowper's glands
C) follicle-stimulating hormone
D) progesterone

Question 35

Steroid hormones are produced by all of the following EXCEPT the

A) prostate gland.
B) adrenal glands.
C) testes.
D) ovaries.

Question 36

Which of the following is NOT one of the bones that forms the hand?

A) the carpals
B) the metacarpals
C) the phalanges
D) the metaphalanges

Question 37

The large round hollow that makes up the socket of the hip joint is called the

A) ischium.
B) acetabulum.
C) scapula.
D) hyoid.

Question 38

Which one of the following filters out waste?

A) the kidneys
B) leukocytes
C) the liver
D) platelets

Question 39

Which one of the following is NOT a function of the circulatory system?

A) transportation
B) regulation
C) retention
D) protection

Question 40

A structural classification system of living organisms is called

A) taxonomy.
B) morphology.
C) physiology.
D) phylogeny.

Question 41

_____________ are small structures where gas exchange occurs.

A) Condyles
B) Sesamoids
C) Chyme
D) Alveoli

Question 42

Write down the taxonomic classification of humans (i.e., list the kingdom, etc. to which humans belong). Also, name one characteristic of each classification level that describes why humans are so categorized. For example, because humans are mobile, multicellular organisms composed of tissues that derive energy from the consumption of other organisms, we are classified as part of the Animalia kingdom.

Question 43

Explain how evolutionary relationships among organisms are determined. In your answser, be sure to use and define the following terms morphology; phylogeny; and shared, ancestral, and derived traits.

Question 44

Name the two major regions of the skull and describe at least three characteristics of each region. In your characterization of the two major parts of the skull, be sure to name at least three of the bones and/or structures of the region.

Question 45

Reproduction is a critical element in the process of evolutionary change. Name two external and two internal structures of the female reproductive system and two external and two internal structures of the male reproductive system. Describe how each of the eight structures is involved in reproduction.

Question 46

Name three of the basic physiological systems in the human body. Describe the function and two structures of each of these three systems.