Deck 4: Types of Intimate Couples

Question 1

Which of the following explains historical changes in how lifetime marital commitments were made?

A) life expectancy has increased, so a marriage lasts longer than in the past.
B) marriage today is viewed more seriously than in the past.
C) marriage in the past was a religious event; today it is a secular one.
D) couples are marrying earlier, so a marriage lasts longer than in the past.

Answer 1

life expectancy has increased, so a marriage lasts longer than in the past.

Question 2

What best characterize trends in contemporary marriage?

A) the increase in marriage rates
B) the decline in commuter relationships
C) the declining popularity of common-law unions
D) an increase in popularity of alternatives to marriage

Answer 2

an increase in popularity of alternatives to marriage

Question 3

What best characterize trends in contemporary marriage?

A) the decreasing popularity in same-sex unions
B) continuing popularity of marriage
C) the decline in commuter relationships
D) the stabilization of divorce rates

Answer 3

continuing popularity of marriage

Question 4

What describes changes in the age of first marriage?

A) It is remained constant
B) It is declining.
C) It is rising.
D) it is at an all-time low for both sexes.

Question 5

Which of the following represent a change in family life for contemporary young adults in terms of cohabitation?

A) They are less likely to cohabit
B) They are more like to cohabit
C) They cohabit marry at the same age as previous generations
D) They have less children when they cohabit

Question 6

Which of the following represent a change in family life for contemporary young adults in terms of relationship dissolution?

A) They are more likely to experience relationship dissolution or divorce
B) They are less likely to experience relationship dissolution or divorce
C) Relationship dissolution has remained constant across generation
D) Relationship dissolution is an option younger people do not engage in

Question 7

Which of the following represent a change in family life for contemporary young adults in terms of the fluidity of type of relationship?

A) They are less likely to engage in polyamorous or LGBTQ relationships
B) They are more likely to engage in polyamorous or LGBTQ relationships
C) Rate of engagement in polyamorous or LGBTQ relationships has remained constant across generations.
D) They are more likely to engage in polyamorous relationships but less likely to engage in LGBTQ relationships

Question 8

Which of the following represent a change in family life for contemporary older adults in terms of divorce?

A) They are less likely to divorce
B) They divorce at the same rate as previous generations
C) They are more like to divorce
D) They separate but do not divorce at the same as previous generations

Question 9

Which of the following represent a change in family life for contemporary older adults in terms of re-marriage or cohabitation after divorce?

A) The rates of re-marriage or co-habitation are declining
B) The rates of re-marriage or co-habitation are rising
C) The rates of re-marriage or co-habitation are constant or unchanged
D) The rates of cohabitation have risen, but the rates of marriage have declined

Question 10

What represent a change in family life for structure of family units?

A) The rates of lone parent families are declining
B) The rates of lone parent families are rising
C) The rates of lone parent families are constant or unchanged
D) The rates of lone parent families in poverty has declined.

Question 11

What is the percentage of Canadian families that are stepfamilies?

A) 87%
B) 33%
C) 50%
D) 13%

Question 12

Which of the following represents the martial status of the couple in a stepfamily versus an intact family unit?

A) They are less likely to be married
B) There is no difference in marital status in an intact or stepfamily unit
C) They are more likely to married
D) They are less likely to be divorced

Question 13

What is the difference in the number of stepfamily units in Quebec versus other provinces in a Canada?

A) The rates of step families are higher
B) The rates of step families are lower
C) The rates of step families are the same
D) The rates of step families are unchanged.

Question 14

How is the rate of repartnering after divorce different between men and women?

A) The rates of repartnering for men is lower.
B) The rates of repartnering for men is the same as women.
C) The rates of repartnering for men is higher.
D) The rates of repartnering for men and women are unchanged.

Question 15

Which statements is true about the marriage rate in Canada?

A) The marriage rate has increased in Quebec and Ontario but has declined in the Prairie Provinces and British Columbia.
B) Marriage rates first began to climb in the 1960s, increasing fastest in the 1970s and have been steadily increasing since the 1980s.
C) There has been a large increase in the marriage rate across all Canadian provinces except for in Quebec.
D) There has been a slight decrease in the marriage rate across most Canadian provinces except for B.C, Ontario and the Yukon.

Question 16

Which statement is true about women's motivation for marriage?

A) The need for women to marry for economic support is lower
B) The need for women to marry for economic support is unchanged
C) The need for women to marry for economic support is higher
D) The need for men to marry for economic support is higher.

Question 17

What explains the stability of cohabitating relationships?

A) They are just as stable than marital relationships
B) They are more stable than marital relationships
C) They are less stable than marital relationships
D) The stability of both types of relationships is weak

Question 18

What explains the difference in stability of cohabitating relationships versus martial relationships?

A) Individuals who have experienced parental divorce are more likely to experience relationship dissolution and choose cohabitation over marriage.
B) Individuals who have experienced parental divorce are less likely to experience relationship dissolution and choose cohabitation over marriage.
C) Young people less more likely to cohabit and less likely to experience relationship dissolution as compared to older people
D) Young people are more likely to cohabit and more likely to experience relationship dissolution as compared to older people

Question 19

What explains the difference between the unequal division of unpaid labour in cohabitating relationships versus marital relationships?

A) There is no difference in the unequal division of labour
B) There is no unequal division of labour in cohabiting relationships
C) There is more unequal division of labour in cohabiting relationships
D) There is less unequal division of labour in cohabiting relationships

Question 20

Which argument supports the idea that cohabitation is a "trial phase" before marriage?

A) Most cohabiters have been married
B) Half of cohabiters never marry their partners
C) Most cohabiters have been divorce
D) Most cohabiters have never been married

Question 21

Which trend does the rise in rates of cohabitation support?

A) People want intimate relations that are more flexible and less socially binding than legal marriages.
B) People want intimate relations that are more rigid and more socially binding than legal marriages.
C) People increasingly want to do away with traditional notions of legal marriage and the social roles that occur within them.
D) People are more willing to accept l less stable intimate relationships than in the past.

Question 22

Why do more women favour cohabitation or singlehood rather than traditional legal marriage?

A) More women are unable to find suitable men to form unions with these days and therefore remain single.
B) Women have more to gain from marriage and less to gain from paid work than in the past.
C) There is less gender inequality than in marriage.
D) Men are increasingly rejecting the idea of marriage thereby forcing women to enter common-law unions instead.

Question 23

In cohabitating couples, the highest levels of happiness have been found in

A) those under 20 years of age.
B) those 20-30 years of age.
C) those 30-40 years of age.
D) older adults.

Question 24

What defines what "LAT relationships" are?

A) Couples who are in a relationship but live together.
B) Couples who are in a relationship but do not live together.
C) Couples who are not in a relationship but live together.
D) Couples who are not in a relationship but do not live together.

Question 25

What percentage of Canadians in unions are living separately from their partner?

A) five
B) seven
C) ten
D) fifteen

Question 26

What is cited as a reason for choosing LAT relationships?

A) Moving in together maintains current relationship dynamics.
B) It may be a strategy to avoid another painful separation for divorced people.
C) Divorced people are less cautious after an unsuccessful marriage in their subsequent relationships.
D) Some may be able to find jobs in the same area as their partner so living apart is the only option.

Question 27

What reason may explain why couples choose LAT relationships?

A) Many men unwilling to take on the financial responsibility of maintaining a spouse.
B) Fewer women feel the pressure to autonomous in their relationships and choose LAT to maintain their independence.
C) More men and women are in professional careers that make it hard for them to move when their spouses move.
D) Moving in with partners makes it less difficult to maintain ties with parents and siblings.

Question 28

Which social group is increasingly choosing LAT relationships?

A) Older Canadians (over age 60)
B) Middle-aged Canadians (ages to 40-60)
C) Younger professionals (ages 25-39)
D) New couples (ages 18-24)

Question 29

What describes the relationship between lone-person households and families?

A) Lone person households are happier than families.
B) There are the same number of lone person household than families.
C) There are more lone person households than families.
D) There are less lone person households than families.

Question 30

What reasons may explain why there are more lone person households?

A) decreased financial independence for women
B) shorter life expectancy
C) many people repartner after relationship dissolution or death of a partner
D) greater social acceptance of living alone

Question 31

According to Mary Louise Adams (1997), why did government officials want people to conform to marital and family roles?

A) Non-conformists were more likely to be communist sympathizers.
B) Non-conformists were less likely to be communist sympathizers.
C) Non-conformists were more likely to not produce children, this creating population decline.
D) Non-conformists were more likely to be terrorist sympathizers.

Question 32

How has the view of women being single changed?

A) It is unchanged in terms of levels of acceptance
B) It is less accepted.
C) It is more accepted.
D) It is more accepted for celebrities only.

Question 33

Which of the following is an economic reason for why more people are single?

A) They want to compromise in terms of how they spend money,
B) Prefer to embrace financial entanglements that come with cohabitation and marriage.
C) Individuals who have gone through a divorce and experienced financial losses
May decide to marry again to regain what they lost.
D) They want time to meet their own occupational or personal goals.

Question 34

Which of the following is a non-economic reason for why more people are single?

A) They need to be geographically mobile to get a job.
B) More women today reject the idea that they are defined by their relationship status; they do not feel the need to have a boyfriend or husband as compared to earlier generations.
C) Expectations of a partner are lower today than they were in earlier generations, and people are more willing to settle when it comes to mate selection.
D) People who have lived independently for a period may feel more inclined to share their living space

Question 35

What is the name of a new practice among single people who celebrate their singlehood through a self-marriage, which does not preclude an individual from dating or pursuing relationships in the future?

A) serial monogamy
B) monogamy
C) sologamy
D) polygamy

Question 36

Which of the following has happened to the divorce rate after each change in the Divorce Act (1925, 1968, 1985)?

A) It has decreased.
B) It has stabilized.
C) It has increased.
D) It was unchanged.

Question 37

What percentage of marriages end in divorce before the marriage's thirtieth anniversary?

A) 38%
B) 50%
C) 25%
D) 60%

Question 38

What increases the likelihood of a marriage ending in divorce?

A) not having had a previous divorce
B) marrying at a younger age
C) high level of educational attainment
D) living separately before marriage

Question 39

What increases the likelihood of marriage ending in divorce?

A) Not having had a previous divorce
B) Marrying at an older age
C) Low level of educational attainment
D) Living separately before marriage

Question 40

Which of the following describes the relationship between income levels of partners and infidelity?

A) When women are the breadwinners they are more likely to cheat.
B) When men are the breadwinners they are more likely to cheat.
C) When both partners make the same income, the husband is less likely to cheat.
D) When both partners make the same income, the wife is less likely to cheat.

Question 41

Which of the following describes the relationship between marital infidelity and opportunities for married people to find a new partner?

A) The risk of divorce is higher for married couples living in areas that have lower numbers of unmarried women in the workplace.
B) The risk of divorce is higher for married couples living in areas that have higher numbers of unmarried men in the workplace.
C) The risk of divorce is higher for married couples living in areas that have higher numbers of unmarried women in the workplace.
D) The risk of divorce is lower for married couples living in areas that have higher numbers of unmarried men in the workplace.

Question 42

Why do individuals in high-conflict marriages often resort to divorce?

A) poor relationship quality
B) existence of alternative partners
C) weak commitment to marriage
D) strong commitment to marriage

Question 43

Why do individuals in low-conflict marriages often resort to divorce?

A) poor relationship quality
B) lower communication skills
C) weak commitment to marriage
D) strong commitment to marriage

Question 44

What is a common outcome of divorce for individuals in low-conflict marriage?

A) lower levels of happiness
B) higher levels of happiness
C) higher levels of financial health
D) lower levels of financial health

Question 45

What is a common outcome of divorce for individuals in high-conflict marriage?

A) lower levels of happiness
B) higher levels of happiness
C) higher levels of financial health
D) lower levels of financial health

Question 46

Which of the following describes the relationship between emotional exclusivity and divorce?

A) Women were unhappy when their husbands spent too much time with others, including friends and family.
B) Men were happy when their wives spent too much time with others, including friends and family.
C) Women were happy when their husbands spent too much time with others, including friends and family.
D) Men were unhappy when their wives spent too much time with others, including friends and family.

Question 47

What is meant by an "on-off" relationship?

A) When couples experience multiple reconciliations.
B) When couples experience multiple breakups.
C) When couples experience multiple breakups and reconciliations that can be of any duration.
D) When couples experience multiple breakups and reconciliations that can be of short duration.

Question 48

What occurs when individuals with children from previous relationships merge households?

A) blended families
B) stepfamilies
C) lone parent families
D) remarriage

Question 49

What challenges occur when individuals with children from previous relationships merge households?

A) similarities in parenting styles
B) similarities between step-siblings
C) difficulties between children and step-parents
D) lesser financial problems as compared to nonblended families

Question 50

How did the number of same-sex married couples change between the 2006 Census and the 2011 Census?

A) They have decreased
B) They have stabilized
C) They have increased
D) They have unchanged

Question 51

What is true about LGBTQ parenting?

A) LGBTQ parents are more educated and established than heterosexual parents.
B) LGBTQ parents tend not to plan their children and pregnancies.
C) LGBTQ parents are less educated and established than heterosexual parents.
D) LGBTQ parents are more educated but less established than heterosexual parents.

Question 52

What factors limit the ability of LGBTQ parents to challenge traditional processes of gender socialization (i.e. in toy and clothing selection)?

A) societal acceptance of LGBTQ family units
B) race and social class
C) familial acceptance of LGBTQ family units
D) age and disability

Question 53

Which of the following is true for children raised by LGTQ parents?

A) Children raised by same-sex parents have better outcomes in terms of mental health, academic achievement, behavioural issues, and quality of parent-child relationships than in heterosexual family units.
B) Children are adversely affected as they grow up to be LGBTQ
C) Children raised by same-sex parents are like those raised by opposite-sex parents in terms of mental health, academic achievement, behavioural issues, and quality of parent-child relationships.
D) Children raised by same-sex parents show negative outcomes in terms of mental health, academic achievement, behavioural issues, and quality of parent-child relationships.

Question 54

How does society view childless couples?

A) They are stigmatized as selfish for not having children.
B) They are envied for their time and higher incomes.
C) They are pitied got their inability to have children.
D) They are accepted.

Question 55

How do childless couples deal with society's view of them?

A) They disregard or ignore the opinions of other people.
B) They argue that all types of families should be accepted.
C) They accept that their childlessness is voluntary.
D) They deny that their childlessness is voluntary.

Question 56

Which of the following describes intimate relationships between multiple partners where the relationships are agreed upon and transparent and where both men and women have access to additional partners outside of a committed relationship?

A) polygamy
B) non-monogamy
C) serial monogamy
D) polyamory

Question 57

Which of the following occurs when single people and partners in relationships engage in sexual activities with others?

A) polygamy
B) non-monogamy
C) serial monogamy
D) polyamory

Question 58

Which of the following refers to having one relationship at a time; but have different partners over a lifetime because of relationship breakup, divorce, or death of a partner?

A) polygamy
B) non-monogamy
C) serial monogamy
D) polyamory

Question 59

Which of the following refers to involves being married to more than one person at a time?

A) polygamy
B) non-monogamy
C) serial monogamy
D) polyamory

Question 60

Which social group experiences economic inequality in relationships?

A) men
B) women
C) children
D) older adults

Question 61

Discuss the role of money management in relationships.

Question 62

Briefly explain any two reasons why age of marriage has increased.

Question 63

Discuss characteristics of various types of polygamous relationships.

Question 64

Are single member households increasing in Canada? Why?

Question 65

Briefly describe LAT relationships and to whom they may be particularly appealing.

Question 66

Explain why a more egalitarian relationship has been found between lesbian partners than between heterosexual couples.

Question 67

Discuss changing attitudes about the unattached.

Question 68

Briefly contrast the relationship between cohabitation levels in Quebec relative to the rest of Canada. Briefly explain.

Question 69

Discuss secondary poverty and how it impacts women and children in families.

Question 70

Discuss the experience of blended families.

Question 71

Much has been discussed about the effects of cohabitation on marriage. Explain the factors associated with cohabitation which impact on the likelihood of maintaining a successful marriage.

Question 72

Discuss the impact of marital dissolution on the partners and children of the relationship dissolving.

Question 73

Discuss how intimate relationships and living arrangements have changed for youth and for older adults compared to those in previous generations.