Deck 3: How Families Begin: Dating and Mating

Question 1

In which historical era did the idea of love as the basis for marriage emerge?

A) the earliest agricultural communities
B) the 15th century as societies became more urban
C) during the Industrial Revolution
D) after WWI

Answer 1

the 15th century as societies became more urban

Question 2

What change in the family occurred because of the development (in the 15^th century) of the market economy?

A) A division of labour emerged between spouses.
B) The same standards of sexual behaviour emerged for both sexes.
C) Economic pressures were more important than love as the basis for marriage.
D) Husbands and wives became more equal in terms of power.

Answer 2

A division of labour emerged between spouses.

Question 3

How did women's social roles change due to the widespread adoption of the idea of romantic love?

A) Women had to transform themselves from love objects to worker.
B) Women's adornment and looks became more important than their actual contributions to the family's well-being.
C) Women went from partners in work to being active, equal partners in marriage.
D) The differences between women and men became more similar.

Answer 3

Women's adornment and looks became more important than their actual contributions to the family's well-being.

Question 4

How did women's social roles change due to the widespread adoption of the idea of romantic love?

A) Women had to transform themselves from love objects to workers.
B) Women's adornment, looks became less important than contribution to family.
C) Women went from partners in work to passive, decorative objects of love.
D) The differences between women and men became more similar.

Question 5

Which theory of mate selection argues that people are drawn to others whose needs are opposite to their own?

A) social role theory
B) exchange theory
C) complementary needs theory
D) evolutionary theory

Question 6

Which theory of mate selection argues that each partner in marriage gives something and gets something?

A) social role theory
B) exchange theory
C) complementary needs theory
D) evolutionary theory

Question 7

Which theory of mate selection argues men and women are socialized to prefer partners whose attitudes are congruent with gendered social distinctions?

A) social role theory
B) exchange theory
C) complementary needs theory
D) evolutionary theory

Question 8

Which theory of mate selection argues that people are programmed to mate in ways that ensure the production and survival of offspring?

A) social role theory
B) exchange theory
C) complementary needs theory
D) evolutionary theory

Question 9

Which type of exchange includes hugs and kisses, sexual pleasure, friendship, a shoulder to lean on, empathy, and understanding?

A) economic
B) social
C) instrumental
D) expressive

Question 10

Which types of exchange includes sharing household duties and tending to practical matters such as housework, paying the bills, and looking after children?

A) economic
B) social
C) instrumental
D) expressive

Question 11

Which group tends to adopt a genetic survival strategy that involves seeking a fertile partner, as shown by youth and sexual attractiveness?

A) women
B) men
C) younger people
D) working class people

Question 12

Which group tends to adopt a genetic survival strategy that involves seeking a partner who can supply social and economic advantages to their children?

A) women
B) men
C) younger people
D) working class people

Question 13

How much choice do people have in a modern arranged marriage system?

A) The individuals have no participation in the mate selection process.
B) The individual has some control over whom he/she will marry.
C) The husband-to-be decided who to marry.
D) The wife-to-be decides who to marry.

Question 14

How much choice did people have in a traditional arranged marriage system?

A) The individuals have no participation in the mate selection process.
B) The individual has some control over whom he/she will marry.
C) The husband to-be decided who to marry.
D) The wife-to-be decides who to marry.

Question 15

What is one reason for the popularity of Internet dating?

A) It is a more challenging way of meeting someone.
B) There has been a decline in workplace romances due to sexual harassment concerns.
C) Increased mobility makes it easier to meet dating partners.
D) Growing levels of education make it easier to meet someone with the same level of education.

Question 16

Which of the following statements is true about arranged marriage practices in China?

A) Arranged marriages ensure that children marry somebody who has great character.
B) Confucian ideology stresses the importance of self-determination.
C) A partner's level of education is highly valued by many.
D) Friends and colleagues have replaced families as matchmaker.

Question 17

What did Brym and Lenton (2001) argue is a result of the growing popularity of internet dating?

A) People are looking for more efficient ways of meeting potential intimate partners.
B) The internet is the most safe and easiest way to meet potential partners.
C) People preferring the ease and control of internet personal ads over newspaper ads.
D) Single people are more eager to meet potential dates now than they ever were before.

Question 18

Which of the following features do men emphasize when describing the person they are looking for in personal ads?

A) ethnicity
B) physical attributes
C) financial success
D) occupational status

Question 19

Which of the following features do women emphasize when describing the person they are looking for in personal ads?

A) ethnicity
B) physical attributes
C) financial success
D) occupational status

Question 20

What was a result of Eastwick and Finkel's (2008) research on how men and women's stated ideals on online dating sites versus whom they dated?

A) Men and women tended to meet and date individuals who matched their stated ideals.
B) Only men tended to date individuals who matched their stated ideals.
C) Only women tended to date individuals who matched their stated ideals.
D) Both men and women went on dates with individuals who differed from the stated ideals.

Question 21

Which of the following are characteristics of female "flirting scripts"?

A) self-confidence and interest
B) sexual aggression and self-confidence
C) playfulness and modesty
D) innocence and interest

Question 22

Why do people with disabilities often experience difficulties in finding a partner?

A) They feel isolated, lonely, and marginalized.
B) They spend more time with non-disabled people in social settings.
C) They spend less time in private settings.
D) They share interests, goals, and backgrounds.

Question 23

Why do disabled teens often have less accurate knowledge about sexuality in comparison with the general population?

A) They have more opportunities to learn about sexual behaviour than able bodied persons.
B) They have more opportunities to participate in social activities wherein one might meet a potential sexual partner than able bodied persons.
C) They have less opportunity to experiment sexually than able bodied persons.
D) They have more opportunities to develop dating skills than able bodied persons.

Question 24

Why do disabled people often face stigma about their sexuality?

A) They rarely become ashamed of their "abnormal" bodies.
B) They have the self-esteem to pursue sexual partners.
C) They eventually come to feel as though they can engage in sexual relationships.
D) Caregivers, parents, siblings, friends often overlook or even discourage their sexual desires.

Question 25

Which group of disabled persons faces the highest level of stigmatization?

A) Those with physical disabilities.
B) Those with psychiatric disabilities
C) Those with cognitive disabilities.
D) Those with intellectual disabilities.

Question 26

Which groups of disabled persons, according to Miller et al, 2009, are non-disabled people more willing to date and form relationships with?

A) Those with physical disabilities.
B) Those with psychiatric disabilities
C) Those with cognitive disabilities.
D) Those with intellectual disabilities.

Question 27

Which statement best explains the experience of disabled people with online dating?

A) They feel pressure to hide their disabilities.
B) They try out different non-disabled identities.
C) They resist pressure to hide their disabilities.
D) They feel pressure to disclose their disabilities.

Question 28

Which statement best describes how women who initiate first dates are viewed by outside observers?

A) friendly but less physically attractive than the person being asked
B) friendly and more physically attractive than the person being asked
C) sexually over-aggressive and off-putting
D) self-confident and independent

Question 29

Which of the following describes how sexual scripts differed between men and women in the mid-20^th century?

A) Men were the initiators and women were innocent and virginal.
B) Women were the initiators and men played hard-to-get.
C) Sexual scripts specifically defined sexual behaviour for men, but was vague about proper behaviour for women.
D) Sexual scripts were the same for both sexes.

Question 30

Which of the following statements describes modern date initiation patterns?

A) Both sexes are equally likely to ask someone out.
B) Males are still more likely to ask someone out.
C) Females are now out numbering males in date initiation.
D) The majority are initiated by third party.

Question 31

Which variable is associated with delayed first sexual intercourse among North American teenagers?

A) a disinterest in school
B) a distant relationship with parents
C) religiosity
D) low self-esteem

Question 32

Which of the following ideas do Canadians hold regarding multicultural dating and same-sex dating in Canada?

A) less accepted and more mainstream
B) illegal and less accepted
C) more mainstream and accepted
D) legalized and accepted

Question 33

Why is endogamy a means of combating discrimination?

A) It encourages the acceptance of interracial relations.
B) It strengthens the group's sense of unity by emphasizing its boundaries.
C) It weakens the group's sense of unity by breaking down its boundaries.
D) It strengthens the group's sense of identity.

Question 34

Which of the following involves marrying outside of one's social group?

A) homogamy
B) exogamy
C) endogamy
D) monogamy

Question 35

Which of the following involves marrying within one's social group?

A) homogamy
B) exogamy
C) endogamy
D) monogamy

Question 36

Which of the following is an argument of propinquity theory?

A) Most people mate with those who are opposite to themselves.
B) People tend to fall in love within their own age, educational, and ethnic groups.
C) People are more likely to mate with the people with whom they frequently socialize.
D) Relationships last longer when people have significant differences between one another.

Question 37

Which group of people approach dating with intentions of marriage because they have grown accustomed to the stability and comfort that comes with it?

A) women
B) men
C) younger people
D) working class people

Question 38

Which group of people approach dating to avoid caregiving/emotional responsibilities, seeking more casual relationships, or companionship?

A) Women
B) Men
C) Younger people
D) Working class people

Question 39

What is the sex ratio of older men to older women?

A) more men than women
B) equal number of men and women
C) one woman for every three men
D) one man for every three women

Question 40

What form of homogamy is strongest in our society?

A) educational
B) age
C) ethnicity
D) religion

Question 41

Why is education viewed as a more important criterion in the selection of a marriage partner than social class origin?

A) Education signifies future earning potential more so than social class.
B) Education is more valued in society than social class.
C) Education is egalitarian whereas social class is elitist.
D) Education is achieved whereas social class is ascribed.

Question 42

What is one of the most stable findings in sociological research about age homogamy?

A) women tend to marry slightly younger men.
B) men tend to marry slightly younger women.
C) men tend to marry significantly younger women.
D) men tend to marry women who are the same age.

Question 43

Which of the following describes changes in the proportion of interracial unions in Canada over the past few decades?

A) It has decreased slightly
B) It has stayed the same
C) It has increased dramatically
D) It has declined dramatically

Question 44

Which of the following statements describes the relationship between age homogamy and remarriage?

A) Both men and women tended to remarry someone younger than themselves.
B) When men marry women younger than themselves, the woman tends to have a higher income.
C) When women marry men, who are younger than themselves, the men tend to have higher incomes.
D) Men and women have a higher probability of achieving a long-term marriage.

Question 45

Which of the following statements describes the implication of the increase in age homogamy for women?

A) Younger women are at a disadvantage in terms of available men to choose from.
B) Women increasingly seek out men who are similar in ethnicity and religion.
C) There is a reduction in women's reliance on men as their economic provider.
D) There is an increase in women's reliance on men as 'breadwinners'.

Question 46

Which of the following groups is most likely to be left out of marriage, according to the marriage gradient?

A) Men at the highest status level
B) Women at the highest status level.
C) Men in the median status level.
D) Women at the lowest status level.

Question 47

Which of the following statements discusses a change (from 1990 to the present) in where same-sex couples meet?

A) Same sex people now meet in bars and pubs.
B) Same sex people now meet through online dating.
C) Same sex people now meet in sports and community organizations.
D) Same sex people now meet through introductions by friends and family.

Question 48

Which of the following statements explains why ethnic homogamy is declining in western societies today?

A) Racism and prejudice have decreased over time.
B) People of different ethnic backgrounds are attending the same educational institutions where they can meet others of similar educational attainment.
C) More interracial couples are being depicted on television and in movies.
D) Young adults whose parents support ethnic homogamy are rejecting are rejecting their cultural backgrounds in favor of western mating norms.

Question 49

Which of the following describes the relationship between religious homogamy and marital satisfaction?

A) It is the most important factor to marital satisfaction.
B) Religious and educational homogamy are equally important in contributing to marital satisfaction.
C) The link between religious homogamy and marital satisfaction is declining.
D) The link between religious homogamy and marital satisfaction is growing.

Question 50

Which of the following statements describes changes in ethnic homogamy between first and second-generation immigrants?

A) It is weaker in second generation immigrants
B) It is stronger in second generation immigrant
C) It is weaker in first generation immigrants
D) It is stronger in second generation immigrants

Question 51

Which of the following explains why people tend not to optimize when selecting a long-term partner?

A) They care too much about whom they marry.
B) They tend to rush into marriage with the first person who proposes.
C) They plan to divorce their current partner if a better prospect comes along.
D) It is exceedingly rare for one to find the "perfect" partner.

Question 52

Which of the following statements about dating violence is correct?

A) Women often blame men for incidences of date rape.
B) Girls who are violent while young are more likely to perpetuate violence in dating relationships.
C) Date rape grows out of common practices of sexual harassment.
D) Sexual harassment occurs infrequently in schools.

Question 53

Which of the following adolescents would be most likely to experience physical dating violence?

A) An adolescent who was raised in a two-parent, wealthy family.
B) An adolescent who was raised in a low-income, single-parent family.
C) An adolescent who was raised by two parents with low educational achievement.
D) All adolescents are equally likely to experience physical dating violence.

Question 54

Which of the following statements indicates how gender differences shape understanding of date rape?

A) Females are more likely to report.
B) Males are more likely to report.
C) The abuse in question is of a highly violent nature (e.g., rape).
D) The abuse in question is of a less violent nature (e.g., insults).

Question 55

Which of the following social groups is more susceptible to experiencing dating violence?

A) Young people who begin their sex lives at much earlier ages.
B) Women who are in committed relationships such as marriage or common-law.
C) Women who seek potential partners online.
D) Women with high levels of education and income.

Question 56

What percentage of high school students had at least one experience of aggression with a current or past partner?

A) 33%
B) 50%
C) 25%
D) 15%

Question 57

In what situations do most incidents of forced sexual activity occur?

A) while the woman is walking alone at night
B) at random between strangers
C) between people who know each other
D) at the workplace or school setting

Question 58

What types of behaviour teach men about the practice of date rape?

A) sexual harassment
B) flirting script
C) rudeness
D) on-line dating

Question 59

Which of the following statements explain the differences between immigrant youth and North American born youth?

A) Immigrant youth are likely to experience no difference in rigidity in their beliefs than are families of North American adolescents.
B) Immigrant youth are likely to be less rigid in their beliefs than are families of North American adolescents.
C) Immigrant youth are likely to be more rigid in their beliefs than are families of North American adolescents.
D) Immigrant parents are likely to be less rigid in their beliefs than are families of North American adolescents.

Question 60

Distinguish between courtly love and romantic love.

Question 61

Explain the applicability of the "sexual double standard" to Canadians today.

Question 62

Compare "expressive" and "instrumental" types of exchange

Question 63

For those who strongly promote arranged marriages, the choice of marriage partners is considered far too important to be left to the whims of youth. Briefly explain three reasons why this is the case.

Question 64

Identify and briefly explain the main reasons for the growth in Internet dating.

Question 65

Distinguish similarities and/or differences in what males and females claim to desire in terms of features/characteristics of the opposite sex in on-line ads.

Question 66

Identify and briefly explain why immigrant youth in Canada do not date as often as their peers.

Question 67

Discuss the social factors that limit the ability of disabled persons to find a partner.

Question 68

Discuss factors affecting same-sex mating decisions and outcomes.

Question 69

Identify three reasons why people tend to choose homogamous partners.

Question 70

Identify and elaborate on any three types of homogamous characteristics significant in partner selection. Explain the significance of each today for Canadians. Is there any one that is most significant? Explain

Question 71

Premarital counseling experts have identified many unrealistic beliefs common among many when they choose mates. Identify and elaborate on these beliefs.

Question 72

Discuss the differences in online dating practices between older and younger people