Deck 7: Managing Prisons and Prisoners

Question 1

In 1930, the ________ was established to run as part of the Department of Justice.

A) Federal Accounting Office
B) Federal Bureau of Investigations
C) Federal Bureau of Prisons (BOP)
D) Federal Criminal Unit

Answer 1

Federal Bureau of Prisons (BOP)

Question 2

Prisoners serving time in federal prisons are most likely to have been sentenced for which crime category?

A) Homicide, aggravated assault, and kidnapping offenses.
B) Drug offenses.
C) Robbery.
D) Immigration.

Answer 2

Drug offenses.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the typical federal prisoner?

A) Male.
B) Black/African-American.
C) U.S. citizen.
D) All the above are characteristics of the typical federal prisoner.
E) None of the above is characteristic of the typical federal prisoner.

Answer 3

Black/African-American.

Question 4

Federal prisons operate under five security levels. Which one is described by facilities with double-fenced perimeters with electronic detection systems and the use of mostly cell-type housing?

A) Minimum security.
B) Low security.
C) Medium security.
D) High security.
E) Administrative security.

Question 5

A Federal Correctional Complex provides financial savings due to lower construction and operating costs, but also has

A) personnel advantages since staff can have career mobility without making geographic moves.
B) security disadvantages since all facilities in the complex are protected only by one razor wire fence.
C) public relations advantages since its modern design makes it difficult for community members to identify it as a prison.
D) the disadvantage of being located in sections of the country where it is difficult to recruit employees.

Question 6

Most state prisons are run by an agency that is usually called the

A) Department of Corrections.
B) Department of Crime.
C) Bureau of Justice.
D) Bureau of Penology.

Question 7

A small number of prisons at the highest security level are frequently called

A) big house prisons.
B) supermax prisons.
C) correctional complex facilities.
D) mini pens

Question 8

Inmates who are believed to pose a threat to other prisoners and/or correctional officers based on gang membership or who have incited or threatened to incite a disturbance are likely to be transferred to this type of facility.

A) The big house.
B) A mega jail.
C) A penitentiary.
D) A control.

Question 9

Housing units that may be called Intensive Management Units, Restricted Housing Units, Special Housing Units, or Communication Management Units, serve the purpose of

A) providing intensive rehabilitation (often cognitive therapy) to select inmates.
B) holding inmates who are preparing for release to the community.
C) segregating inmates from the general population.
D) providing a safe environment for conjugal visits between the prisoner and his or her spouse.

Question 10

A gang leader thought to be coordinating gang activities within the prison might be placed under this arrangement even without violating any prison rules.

A) Protective custody.
B) Disciplinary segregation.
C) Administrative segregation.
D) Advisory classification.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT true regarding solitary confinement?

A) Whereas typical cells measure about 6 feet wide and 9 feet long, solitary confinement cells are usually twice that size since inmates are confined to the cell for 23-24 hours per day.
B) The prisoner is under intense control and isolation.
C) Rather than eating in a dining hall, meals are typically passed through slots in each inmate's individual cell door.
D) Inmates may have access to televisions, radios, or even reading and writing materials.

Question 12

Research on health consequences has found that exposure to solitary confinement

A) leads to such conditions as severe headaches, hallucinations, and impulsive actions.
B) results in several minor but no major health problems.
C) has no negative health consequences.
D) improves inmate physical and mental health due to the calming effect of being away from the boisterous and dangerous inmate population.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a distinguishing feature of an objective classification system?

A) Concealed.
B) Reliable.
C) Discretion.
D) Professionalism.

Question 14

________ classification determines a prisoner's custody level whereas ________ classification establishes the prisoner's housing, program, and work assignments.

A) Internal / external
B) External / internal
C) Direct / indirect
D) Indirect / direct

Question 15

Tim, a classification officer at the state prison, is interviewing newly arrived prisoner Tony. Tim is deciding which housing unit Tony should be assigned to, what Tony's work assignment will be, and which vocational programs are appropriate for Tony. Tim is conducting what type of classification?

A) Internal.
B) External.
C) Reclassification.
D) Objective.

Question 16

Mary, a classification officer at the state prison, is interviewing newly arrived prisoner Janet. Mary is determining whether Janet poses an escape risk or management problems while in prison and to what custody level Janet should initially be assigned. What type of assessment is Mary conducting?

A) Public risk.
B) Danger risk.
C) Prison risk.
D) Problem risk.

Question 17

Of the factors that research has identified as effective in predicting recidivism, which of the following is a static factor?

A) Number of prior arrests.
B) Antisocial attitudes.
C) Poor self-control.
D) Criminal peers.

Question 18

Of the factors that research has identified as effective in predicting recidivism, which of the following is a dynamic factor?

A) Age at first arrest.
B) Alcohol/substance abuse history.
C) Gender.
D) Criminal thinking patterns.

Question 19

What is the principle wherein risk and need is linked to treatment intervention?

A) Reactive.
B) Responsivity.
C) Reclassification.
D) Restorative.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the procedure used to make adjustments to an inmate's classification as the inmate shows either positive or negative behavior?

A) External classification.
B) Internal classification.
C) Reclassification.
D) Client management classification.

Question 21

Which occupational category comprises the majority of prison employees?

A) Administrators.
B) Correctional officers.
C) Treatment staff.
D) Teachers

Question 22

Marco, a state prison employee, is charged with guiding inmates through all aspects of their prison sentence and also serves as a liaison between inmates and the outside community. Which staff position does Marco hold?

A) Recreational staff.
B) Religious staff.
C) Case manager.
D) Counseling staff.

Question 23

Suzanne, a new inmate, has been sent to a facility operated by a for-profit company under contract with state authorities to provide security, housing, and programs for Suzanne and the other inmates. Suzanne is in a(n)

A) non-governmental prison (NGP).
B) private prison.
C) semi-secure lock-up.
D) unofficial confinement facility (UCF).

Question 24

The lack of private prisons in the Midwest and Northeast is likely related to the

A) low number of eligible offenders in those regions.
B) preference for community-based corrections in those regions.
C) higher construction costs in those regions.
D) strength of labor unions in those regions.

Question 25

The Federal Bureau of Prisons was established in 1930 to relieve overcrowding in state prisons.

Question 26

The most frequently committed offense by federal prison inmates is robbery.

Question 27

A Federal Correctional Complex can actually have facilities with several different security levels at one location.

Question 28

Most state correctional facilities hold fewer than 500 inmates, although some might exceed 2,500 prisoners.

Question 29

If Ava approaches a fortress-like structure with high stone walls surrounding groupings of buildings, she is most likely entering a maximum-security state prison.

Question 30

When discussion is about the maximum number of beds or inmates that are allocated by an official to institutions throughout the state, reference is to the design capacity.

Question 31

Most of the prisoners held in the country's state prisons are in minimum-security facilities.

Question 32

The terms supermax prison, control unit, and secured housing unit all refer to facilities at the highest security level, with prisoners isolated from the general population and from each other.

Question 33

An approach to prison management wherein officials place troublemakers in various units of the prison or send them to prisons in other states is called a concentration approach.

Question 34

When inmates are segregated for disciplinary or administrative reasons they may be housed either alone or with other inmates in a special housing unit.

Question 35

Data from the National Inmate Survey show that the majority (more than 60%) of state and federal prison inmates had spent time under disciplinary or administrative segregation or in solitary confinement in the 12 months preceding the survey or since coming to their current facility.

Question 36

According to a report on prisoners who spent time in segregation or solitary confinement, black inmates were somewhat more likely that white inmates to have spent time in restrictive housing.

Question 37

One reason for the continued use of solitary confinement in prisons is traced to research showing that exposure to short-term solitary confinement serves to provide a safer environment and effectively deter misbehavior.

Question 38

One feature of an objective classification system is that it actually allows staff to depart from the scored classification level.

Question 39

The purpose of prison risk assessment is to determine the level of risk the offender poses to the public; for example, is the person likely to continue to engage in criminal conduct?

Question 40

When people try to predict recidivism they are predicting the likelihood that an offender will repeat his or her criminal behavior.

Question 41

The most effective treatment programs are those designed to change static criminogenic factors.

Question 42

It appears that prison management increasingly may be the responsibility of corporate employees in private facilities in the twenty-first century.

Question 43

The majority of the nation's privately held state prisoners are in southern and western states.

Question 44

The ________ level of a federal prison is determined by such features as the prison's design, perimeter, and staff-to-inmate ratio.

Question 45

Of the five security levels used by the federal prison system, ________ security facilities are called U.S. Penitentiaries and have perimeters featuring walls or reinforced fences.

Question 46

When a prison has a greater number of inmates than was intended by its planners or architects, the prison is said to have exceeded its ________ capacity.

Question 47

Of the two predominate ways for prison officials to handle troublesome inmates, the ________ approach is when the problem inmates are spread around various units in the prison or even to other prisons in the system.

Question 48

________ segregation is often for an indeterminate period and is considered nonpunitive in nature.

Question 49

Inmates under ________ segregation are being punished for rule violations that occurred in the prison setting.

Question 50

Officials use ________ classification to determine a prisoner's housing, program options and work assignments while in the prison.

Question 51

Prison ________ assessment attempts to determine the risk an offender poses to escape or to be a management problem for prison officials.

Question 52

________ factors are those factors that are known to cause criminal behavior.

Question 53

Criminogenic factors that are unchangeable are called ________ factors.

Question 54

Staff members who maintain order in the institution and enforce rule and regulations are called ________ officers.

Question 55

A(n) ________ prison is a correctional facility operated by a non-governmental organization that is under contract with federal or state authorities to provide security, housing, and programs to adult offenders.

Question 56

Match the following terms with their meanings.

-Design capacity

A) A facility size based on the ability of the staff, programs, and services to accommodate.
B) Institutions where inmates have considerable personal freedom and more relaxed supervision.
C) Prisons at the highest security level, with prisoners isolated from the general population and from each other.
D) The number of inmates that facility planners or architects intended as the facilities capacity.
E) Facilities with chain-link fences, razor wire, and electronic sensors.
F) The maximum number of beds or inmates allocated by an official to institutions in the state.

Question 57

Match the following terms with their meanings.

-Rated capacity

A) A facility size based on the ability of the staff, programs, and services to accommodate.
B) Institutions where inmates have considerable personal freedom and more relaxed supervision.
C) Prisons at the highest security level, with prisoners isolated from the general population and from each other.
D) The number of inmates that facility planners or architects intended as the facilities capacity.
E) Facilities with chain-link fences, razor wire, and electronic sensors.
F) The maximum number of beds or inmates allocated by an official to institutions in the state.

Question 58

Match the following terms with their meanings.

-Operational capacity

A) A facility size based on the ability of the staff, programs, and services to accommodate.
B) Institutions where inmates have considerable personal freedom and more relaxed supervision.
C) Prisons at the highest security level, with prisoners isolated from the general population and from each other.
D) The number of inmates that facility planners or architects intended as the facilities capacity.
E) Facilities with chain-link fences, razor wire, and electronic sensors.
F) The maximum number of beds or inmates allocated by an official to institutions in the state.

Question 59

Match the following terms with their meanings.

-Supermax prison

A) A facility size based on the ability of the staff, programs, and services to accommodate.
B) Institutions where inmates have considerable personal freedom and more relaxed supervision.
C) Prisons at the highest security level, with prisoners isolated from the general population and from each other.
D) The number of inmates that facility planners or architects intended as the facilities capacity.
E) Facilities with chain-link fences, razor wire, and electronic sensors.
F) The maximum number of beds or inmates allocated by an official to institutions in the state.

Question 60

Match the following terms with their meanings.

-Minimum-security facility

A) A facility size based on the ability of the staff, programs, and services to accommodate.
B) Institutions where inmates have considerable personal freedom and more relaxed supervision.
C) Prisons at the highest security level, with prisoners isolated from the general population and from each other.
D) The number of inmates that facility planners or architects intended as the facilities capacity.
E) Facilities with chain-link fences, razor wire, and electronic sensors.
F) The maximum number of beds or inmates allocated by an official to institutions in the state.

Question 61

Match the following terms with their meanings.

-Medium-security facility

A) A facility size based on the ability of the staff, programs, and services to accommodate.
B) Institutions where inmates have considerable personal freedom and more relaxed supervision.
C) Prisons at the highest security level, with prisoners isolated from the general population and from each other.
D) The number of inmates that facility planners or architects intended as the facilities capacity.
E) Facilities with chain-link fences, razor wire, and electronic sensors.
F) The maximum number of beds or inmates allocated by an official to institutions in the state.

Question 62

Match the following terms with their meanings.

-Classification

A) The process and procedures by which prison officials determine the risk posed by each offender and the offender's individual treatment needs.
B) A stage in the classification process wherein a prisoner's custody level is determined and, based on that custody level, in which the prison inmate begins serving the sentence.
C) Establishes the prisoner's housing, program, and work assignments within the prison.
D) A stage in the classification process wherein an inmate's custody level, treatment program, or work assignment is reevaluated to be sure it is still appropriate.
E) Classification procedures that have a factual, impartial, and observable base rather than the intuitive footing of subjective systems.

Question 63

Match the following terms with their meanings.

-Objective classification system

A) The process and procedures by which prison officials determine the risk posed by each offender and the offender's individual treatment needs.
B) A stage in the classification process wherein a prisoner's custody level is determined and, based on that custody level, in which the prison inmate begins serving the sentence.
C) Establishes the prisoner's housing, program, and work assignments within the prison.
D) A stage in the classification process wherein an inmate's custody level, treatment program, or work assignment is reevaluated to be sure it is still appropriate.
E) Classification procedures that have a factual, impartial, and observable base rather than the intuitive footing of subjective systems.

Question 64

Match the following terms with their meanings.

-External classification

A) The process and procedures by which prison officials determine the risk posed by each offender and the offender's individual treatment needs.
B) A stage in the classification process wherein a prisoner's custody level is determined and, based on that custody level, in which the prison inmate begins serving the sentence.
C) Establishes the prisoner's housing, program, and work assignments within the prison.
D) A stage in the classification process wherein an inmate's custody level, treatment program, or work assignment is reevaluated to be sure it is still appropriate.
E) Classification procedures that have a factual, impartial, and observable base rather than the intuitive footing of subjective systems.

Question 65

Match the following terms with their meanings.

-Internal classification

A) The process and procedures by which prison officials determine the risk posed by each offender and the offender's individual treatment needs.
B) A stage in the classification process wherein a prisoner's custody level is determined and, based on that custody level, in which the prison inmate begins serving the sentence.
C) Establishes the prisoner's housing, program, and work assignments within the prison.
D) A stage in the classification process wherein an inmate's custody level, treatment program, or work assignment is reevaluated to be sure it is still appropriate.
E) Classification procedures that have a factual, impartial, and observable base rather than the intuitive footing of subjective systems.

Question 66

Match the following terms with their meanings.

-Reclassification

A) The process and procedures by which prison officials determine the risk posed by each offender and the offender's individual treatment needs.
B) A stage in the classification process wherein a prisoner's custody level is determined and, based on that custody level, in which the prison inmate begins serving the sentence.
C) Establishes the prisoner's housing, program, and work assignments within the prison.
D) A stage in the classification process wherein an inmate's custody level, treatment program, or work assignment is reevaluated to be sure it is still appropriate.
E) Classification procedures that have a factual, impartial, and observable base rather than the intuitive footing of subjective systems.

Question 67

Identify, and explain the differences between, the two methods used to handle troublesome inmates.

Question 68

Describe and explain the classification process from intake to reclassification.

Question 69

Provide reasons for why recreation and religious programs should be provided in prisons.

Question 70

Should, and can, prisons rely less on segregation than is currently the case? Describe some of the efforts to reduce the use of segregation and explain how troublesome inmates might be handled instead.

Question 71

Identify three dynamic criminogenic factors and describe how a prison-based treatment program could be designed to address those factors.

Question 72

Review the arguments for and against the use of private prisons and choose one side to support with your own arguments.