Deck 9: The Knee Joint

Question 1

All of the following are key bony landmarks for knee joint actions except:

A)Gerdy's tubercle
B)Posteromedial surface of the medial tibial condyle
C)Upper anterior medial surface of the tibia just below the condyle
D)Upper posterior medial surface of tibia

Answer 1

Gerdy's tubercle

Question 2

Which of the following is not correct regarding the knee joint proper?

A)Also referred to as the tibiofemoral joint
B)Classified as a ginglymus joint
C)Considered by some authorities to be a condyloid type joint
D)Sometimes referred to as trochoginglymus joint due to internal and external rotation occurring when in full extension

Answer 2

Sometimes referred to as trochoginglymus joint due to internal and external rotation occurring when in full extension

Question 3

Which of the following is correct regarding the patellofemoral joint?

A)It is relatively uncommon for the joint to be injured.
B)Part of the posterior patella is superior to the trochlea groove when the knee is in full extension.
C)The patella hinges on the femoral condyles.
D)The joint lacks ligamentous support.

Answer 3

Part of the posterior patella is superior to the trochlea groove when the knee is in full extension.

Question 4

Which of the following is not correct regarding menisci in the knee joint?

A)The lateral meniscus is larger in circumference than the medial.
B)They are both attached to the tibia.
C)They providing a cushioning effect the between bones.
D)They serve to deepen the concavity of the tibial plateus.

Question 5

Which of the following is true regarding the medial collateral ligament?

A)Maintains medial stability by resisting valgus forces or preventing tibia from being abducted
B)Maintains medial stability by resisting valgus forces or preventing tibia from being adducted
C)Maintains medial stability by resisting varus forces or preventing tibia from being abducted
D)Maintains medial stability by resisting varus forces or preventing tibia from being adducted

Question 6

Which of the following is not true with respect to the synovial cavity?

A)Considered to be the "capsule of the knee"
B)Lies under patella and between surfaces of tibia & femur
C)Provides the knee with stability
D)Supplies knee with synovial fluid

Question 7

Which of the following is not true regarding the bursae of the knee?

A)Bursae absorb shock and/or reduce friction
B)Bursae are composed mainly of fatty tissue
C)Some bursae are connected to synovial cavity
D)There are more than 10 bursae in and around knee

Question 8

Which of the following is not considered to be one of the quadriceps muscle group?

A)Rectus femoris
B)Vastus intermedius
C)Vastus lateralis
D)Vastus medius

Question 9

Which of the following is not true regarding the quadriceps muscle group?

A)Consists of 4 separate muscles
B)Located in anterior compartment of the thigh
C)Serve to extend the knee
D)They all extend the knee and flex the hip when contracting concentrically

Question 10

Which of the following is not true regarding the hamstring muscle group?

A)Consists of 3 separate muscles
B)Located in posterior compartment of thigh
C)Provides static stability to the knee joint
D)Responsible for knee flexion

Question 11

Which of the following muscles is important in providing dynamic medial stability to the knee joint because of the manner in which it crosses the joint and is also responsible for internal rotation of the knee?

A)The biceps femoris muscle
B)The gluteus maximus muscle
C)The gracilis muscle
D)The semimembranosus muscle

Question 12

The femoral nerve innervates all of the following muscles except:

A)Biceps femoris
B)Rectus femoris
C)Vastus lateralis
D)Vastus intermedius

Question 13

The tibial division of the sciatic nerve innervates all of the following muscles except:

A)Biceps femoris
B)Sartorius
C)Semimembranosus
D)Semitendinosus

Question 14

Which of the following is not true regarding the rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, vastus lateralis?

A)All attach to the patella then to tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon
B)All are superficial and palpable except vastus medialis
C)Generally desired to be 25% to 33% stronger than hamstring group
D)Power may be measured by the vertical jump test

Question 15

Which of the following is not true regarding strength and endurance being essential for maintenance of patellofemoral stability?

A)Functional weight bearing activities such as step-ups or squats are particularly useful for strengthening and endurance.
B)Patellofemoral stability may be developed by resisted knee extension activities from a seated position.
C)Quads are particularly prone to atrophy when injuries occur.
D)Strength and flexibility are not often a problem with the muscles of the knee joint.

Question 16

The vastus lateralis provides a(n) _____ pull on the patella when contracting concentrically.

A)inferolateral
B)superior
C)superolateral
D)superomedial

Question 17

Which of the following represents the truest agonistic relationship for the knee?

A)Biceps femoris and popliteus in external rotation
B)Biceps femoris and semimembranosus in external rotation
C)Semitendinosus and semitendinous in internal rotation
D)Tensor fascia latae and vastus lateralis in external rotation

Question 18

The vastus medialis provides a(n) _____ pull on the patella when contracting concentrically.

A)inferomedial
B)superior
C)superolateral
D)superomedial

Question 19

Which of the following muscles internally rotates the knee when contracting concentrically?

A)Biceps femoris
B)Semimembranosus
C)Tensor fascia latae
D)Vastus medialis

Question 20

The most common serious knee ligament injury involves the _____.

A)anterior cruciate ligament
B)lateral collateral ligament
C)medial collateral ligament
D)posterior cruciate ligament

Question 21

In basketball and soccer injury to the _____ occurs much more commonly to females than to males.

A)anterior cruciate ligament
B)lateral collateral ligament
C)medial collateral ligament
D)posterior cruciate ligament

Question 22

The Q angle is usually _____ or less for males and _____ or less for females.

A)10; 20
B)15; 15
C)15; 20
D)20; 10

Question 23

The only uniarticular knee flexor is the _____.

A)biceps femoris
B)popliteus
C)semimembranosus
D)vastus intermedius

Question 24

The pes anserinus tendinous expansion is comprised from the _____.

A)biceps femoris, semimembranosus, semitendinous
B)gracilis, sartorius, semitendinous
C)gracilis, semimembranosus, semitendinous
D)sartorius, semimembranosus, semitendinous

Question 25

The rectus femoris is more powerful in extending the knee when the hip is in _____.

A)extension
B)external rotation
C)flexion
D)internal rotation

Question 26

The knee joint is the largest joint in the body.

Question 27

The femoral condyles articulate with the fibular condyles during flexion of the knee.

Question 28

The tibia bears the majority of the weight as compared to the fibula.

Question 29

The lateral fibula serves as the attachment for knee joint structures but does not articulate with the femur or patella.

Question 30

The patella is classified as an "irregular" bone because it is imbedded in the patellar tendon.

Question 31

The patella serves as a pulley by improving the angle of pull with the result being a greater mechanical advantage for the quadriceps during knee extension.

Question 32

The fibula is not part of the ginglymus articulation of the knee joint.

Question 33

The anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments are located on the outermost anterior and posterior surfaces of the knee joint.

Question 34

All three of the vasti muscles of the quadriceps originate on the proximal femur and insert on the patellar superior pole.

Question 35

The iliotibial tract of the tensor fasciae latae muscle inserts on Gerdy's condyle.

Question 36

The sartorius, gracilis, and semitendinosus muscles all insert just below the medial condyle on the upper anteromedial tibial surface and assists with knee internal rotation.

Question 37

The semimembranosus muscle inserts anteromedially on the medial tibial condyle and assists with knee internal rotation.

Question 38

The biceps femoris muscle inserts primarily on the head of the fibula and assists with knee external rotation.

Question 39

The popliteus muscle originates on the medial aspect of the lateral femoral condyle and assists with knee internal rotation.

Question 40

The medial collateral ligament originates on the medial aspect of upper medial femoral condyle and inserts on medial tibial surface.

Question 41

The lateral collateral ligament originates on the lateral femoral condyle distally to the popliteus muscle origin and inserts on the fibular head.

Question 42

Articular cartilage is located on the surfaces of the femur, tibia and patella.

Question 43

Tears in menisci can occur due to both compression and shear forces during rotation while flexing or extending during quick directional changes in running.

Question 44

The lateral collateral ligament is more frequently injured than other knee joint ligaments.

Question 45

The knee joint can extend to 180 degrees normally although some individuals can extend slightly further.

Question 46

As the knee approaches full extension the tibia must internally rotate approximately 10 degrees to achieve proper alignment of the tibial and femoral condyles.

Question 47

The semitendinosus muscle is located posterolaterally and internally rotates the knee.

Question 48

The semimembranosus muscle is located posteromedially and internally rotates the knee and is directly antagonist to the vastus lateralis in all of its actions.

Question 49

The quadriceps muscles perform eccentric contractions before concentric contractions in explosive jumping.

Question 50

The hamstring muscles function as a decelerator of the knee when decreasing speed to change direction and especially when landing from a jump.