Deck 8: The Hip Joint and Pelvic Girdle

Question 1

In the context of the pelvic girdle motions, which of the following statements is true of the right lateral pelvic rotation?

A)Either the left pelvis rotates downward or the right pelvis rotates upward.
B)It is accomplished by right lumbar and lateral flexion left hip abduction in the frontal plane.
C)It is characterized by a left lateral tilt.
D)The right pelvis moves inferiorly in relation to the left pelvis in the frontal plane.

Answer 1

The right pelvis moves inferiorly in relation to the left pelvis in the frontal plane.

Question 2

In the context of the hip hoint motions, which of the following terms refers to the movement of the femur in the frontal plane medially toward the midline?

A)Abduction
B)Adduction
C)Extension
D)Flexion

Answer 2

Adduction

Question 3

The medial compartment of the thigh contains the muscles-adductor brevis, the adductor longus, the adductor magnus, the pectineus, and the gracilis-that are primarily responsible for ______.

A)adduction of the hip
B)flexion of the hip
C)flexion of the knee
D)internal rotation of the knee

Answer 3

adduction of the hip

Question 4

The gluteus maximus muscle is stretched in the supine position with full hip flexion to the ipsilateral axilla and then to the contralateral axilla with the knee in _____.

A)extension
B)external rotation
C)flexion
D)internal rotation

Question 5

Which of the following muscles is best stretched in a side-lying position by having a partner take the knee into full flexion and simultaneously take the hip into extension?

A)The biceps femoris muscle
B)The rectus femoris muscle
C)The semimembranosus muscle
D)The semitendinosus muscle

Question 6

Which of the following is not an action of the pectineus muscle?

A)Abduction of the hip
B)Adduction of the hip
C)External rotation of the hip
D)Flexion of the hip

Question 7

Which of the following extends the thigh with external rotation?

A)The gluteus maximus muscle
B)The rectus femoris muscle
C)The semimembranosus muscle
D)The semitendinosus muscle

Question 8

The iliopsoas muscle is located _____ and performs _____ of the hip.

A)anteriorly; flexion
B)laterally; abduction
C)medially; adduction
D)posteriorly; extension

Question 9

The origin of the rectus femoris muscle is on the:

A)anterior iliac crest and surface of the ilium just below the crest.
B)anterior inferior iliac spine and the groove above the acetabulum.
C)anterior superior iliac spine and the groove above the acetabulum.
D)anterior surface of the greater trochanter of the femur.

Question 10

The pectineus muscle is located _____ and performs _____ of the hip.

A)anteriorly; flexion
B)laterally; abduction
C)medially; internal rotation
D)posteriorly; extension

Question 11

Which of the following muscles is a two-joint muscle, effective as a hip flexor or as a knee flexor, and is sometimes referred to as the tailor's muscle?

A)The adductor magnus muscle
B)The gluteus minimus muscle
C)The pectineus muscle
D)The sartorius muscle

Question 12

Agonist muscles during hip flexion include all of the following except the:

A)adductor magnus muscle.
B)pectineus muscle.
C)psoas major muscle.
D)rectus femoris muscle.

Question 13

Which of the following statements is true about the biceps femoris muscle?

A)It has some fibers that are not involved in knee flexion.
B)It inserts on the posteromedial surface of the medial tibial condyle.
C)It is innervated by the obturator nerve.
D)It originates on the anterior pubis just below its crest.

Question 14

The _____ is best stretched by moving the hip into extreme adduction in front of the opposite extremity and then behind it, and weakness in this muscle can result in a Trendelenburg gait.

A)biceps femoris muscle
B)gluteus medius muscle
C)sartorius muscle
D)semimembranosus muscle

Question 15

Agonist muscles during hip extension include all of the following except the:

A)biceps femoris muscle.
B)sartorius muscle.
C)semimembranosus muscle.
D)semitendinosus muscle.

Question 16

The tensor fasciae latae is best stretched in:

A)combined hip extension, abduction and external rotation with the knee extended
B)combined hip extension, adduction and external rotation with the knee extended
C)combined hip extension, adduction and internal rotation with the knee extended
D)combined hip flexion, abduction and internal rotation with the knee flexed

Question 17

Which of the following is considered to be an agonist muscle to the tensor fascia latae during hip abduction?

A)The gluteus medius muscle
B)The rectus femoris muscle
C)The sartorius muscle
D)The semitendinosus muscle

Question 18

The _____ muscle originates on the inner surface of the ilium and the lower borders of the transverse processes (L1-L5), sides of the bodies of the last thoracic vertebra (T12), lumbar vertebrae (L1-L5), intervertebral fibrocartilages, and base of the sacrum.

A)iliopsoas
B)rectus femoris
C)sartorius
D)tensor fascia latae

Question 19

Which of the following pairing represents the truest agonist relationship?

A)Biceps femoris, semimembranosus and semitendinosus
B)Gluteus maximus, gluteus medius and gluteus minimus
C)Rectus femoris and Sartorius
D)Semimembranosus and semitendinosus

Question 20

Which of the following pairings have the closest anatomical origins to each other?

A)Adductor brevis and pectineus
B)Iliacus and psoas
C)Rectus femoris and tensor fascia latae
D)Semimembranosus and semitendinosus

Question 21

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

A)The semimembranosus is more muscular than the semitendinosus.
B)The semimembranosus is more tendinous than the semitendinosus.
C)The semitendinosus is anatomically structured to exert more force in knee internal rotation than the semimembranosus.
D)The semitendinosus is longer than the semimembranosus.

Question 22

The insertion of the rectus femoris muscle is on the _____ aspect of the patella and patellar tendon to the tibial tuberosity.

A)inferior
B)lateral
C)superior
D)medial

Question 23

The insertion of the tensor fasciae latae muscle is one-fourth of the way down the thigh into the iliotibial tract, which in turn inserts onto Gerdy's tubercle of the _____ tibial condyle.

A)anteromedial
B)anterolateral
C)posterolateral
D)posteromedial

Question 24

When standing on the right foot and attempting to abduct the left hip as much as possible, which of the following will most likely result?

A)Left lateral pelvic rotation
B)Posterior pelvic rotation
C)Right lateral pelvic rotation
D)Right transverse pelvic rotation

Question 25

When standing with both feet shoulder width apart and the weight evening distributed and attempting to turn and look to the right as far as possible, which of the following will most likely result?

A)Left lateral pelvic rotation
B)Left transverse pelvic rotation
C)Right lateral pelvic rotation
D)Right transverse pelvic rotation

Question 26

When the hip is fully flexed, abducted and externally rotated in combination with full knee flexion and internal rotation which of the following muscles would be in its shortest position?

A)Biceps femoris
B)Rectus femoris
C)Sartorius
D)Tensor fascia latae

Question 27

Which of the following pairings represents the truest agonist-antagonist relationship?

A)Gluteus maximus and iliopsoas
B)Gracilis and tensor fascia latae
C)Rectus femoris and semimembranosus
D)Sartorius and tensor fascia latae

Question 28

The hip joint is a ball-and-socket joint that consists of the head of the femur connecting with the acetabulum of the pelvic girdle which has its stability enhanced by a labrum.

Question 29

Distally, the patella serves as a major bony landmark to which all four quadriceps muscles attach and ultimately insert on the tibial tuberosity via the patella tendon.

Question 30

Anteriorly, the pelvic bones are joined to form the symphysis pubis, an amphiarthrodial joint.

Question 31

The sciatic nerve tibial division innervates both the semitendinosus and semimembranosus muscles.

Question 32

Anteriorly, the iliofemoral, or Z, ligament prevents hip hyperextension.

Question 33

Movement between the right and left coxal bones occurs at three different locations.

Question 34

The acetabular femoral joint, due to its wide range of motion, has relatively weak and loose ligamentous structures which emphasizes the need for stability from the surrounding musculature.

Question 35

The obturator nerve innervates both the gracilis and the biceps femoris muscles.

Question 36

The structural instability of the acetabular femoral joint makes it susceptible to subluxations and dislocations.

Question 37

All three gluteal muscles are common in that portions of each are antagonistic to other portions of the same muscle.

Question 38

The pubofemoral ligament is located anteromedially and inferiorly and limits excessive extension and abduction.

Question 39

The teres ligament is taut in excessive hip adduction, flexion, and external rotation.

Question 40

The obturator nerve innervates both the adductor longus and the gracilis muscles.

Question 41

The sartorius, the gracilis, and the semitendinosus muscles insert on the anterior medial surface of the tibia just below the condyle.

Question 42

Hip flexion refers to the movement of the femur in the frontal plane laterally to the side away from the midline.

Question 43

In the context of the pelvic girdle motions, anterior pelvic rotation refers to the anterior movement of the upper pelvis in which the iliac crest tilts forward in the transverse plane.

Question 44

Due to the attachment of the iliopsoas and hip adductors, the hip tends to externally rotate more so than internally rotate as active hip flexion increases.

Question 45

In addition to flexing and externally rotating the hip, the iliacus is also a lumbar flexor.

Question 46

The semimembranosus muscle inserts anteromedially on the medial tibial condyle.

Question 47

The obturator nerve arises from the anterior division of the lumbar plexus and provides innervation to the hip adductors.

Question 48

For the pelvis to rotate in any direction, movement must occur in either the right hip, the left hip, the lumbar spine, or a combination of these locations.

Question 49

The femoral nerve arises from the posterior division of the lumbar plexus and innervates the anterior muscles of the thigh.

Question 50

The pelvic girdle consists of a right and left pelvic bone joined together posteriorly by the sacrum.