Deck 12: Weight Control

Question 1

Some macrobiotic diets are hazardous to health.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

The terms natural, organic, and health food are frequently used interchangeably.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The majority of nutrition scientists disagree with Linus Pauling's view that megadoses of vitamin C can prevent colds.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Vitamins A and D can be hazardous to health when taken in dosages five times the Recommended Dietary Allowances.

Question 5

The nutritional value of a food equals the value of its individual nutrient components.

Question 6

Bee pollen can cause severe allergic reactions.

Question 7

The most widely used food additives are sugar, salt, and corn syrup.

Question 8

Books and magazine articles often make health claims that would be illegal on product labels.

Question 9

The vitamin content of plants is determined by their heredity.

Question 10

Food faddism can be defined as an unusual pattern of food behavior that is enthusiastically adopted by its adherents.

Question 11

Many products regulated as dietary supplements are promoted for the treatment of disease.

Question 12

Healthy individuals can obtain all the nutrients that they need by eating a sensible variety of foods.

Question 13

There is no scientific evidence that emotional stress increases vitamin needs.

Question 14

Large doses of vitamin supplements can be hazardous to health.

Question 15

Calcium supplements may be advisable for postmenopausal women.

Question 16

Health foods are promoted with False claims and are usually overpriced.

Question 17

Food additives should be judged individually with regard to safety and usefulness.

Question 18

Health food retailers frequently prescribe products for health problems.

Question 19

The American Dietetic Association has collected evidence that unqualified nutritionists have harmed many people by giving inappropriate advice.

Question 20

The taste of fruits and vegetables depends mainly on their heredity and ripeness when harvested.

Question 21

Federal law prevents the FDA from regulating the dosage of OTC dietary supplements that are not inherently dangerous.

Question 22

Supplements may be appropriate for individuals who are unable or unwilling to eat a balanced diet.

Question 23

Excess amounts of fat-soluble vitamins are stored in body fat.

Question 24

Excess amounts of minerals are stored in the body and can gradually build to toxic levels.

Question 25

Many herbal products are marketed as "dietary supplements,"even though they have little or no nutritional value.

Question 26

Even when a substance is proven effective by research, it does not mean that products based on that research would be appropriately formulated.

Question 27

Freedom of speech and freedom of the press make it legal for anyone to make False or unproven health claims about a product as long as they don't do it while selling the product.

Question 28

Many people Falsely believe that extra vitamins provide extra energy, improve general health, and protect against stress.

Question 29

The health food industry strongly opposes consumer protection laws.

Question 30

Taking vitamins and minerals as "nutritional insurance"is an uncommon practice.

Question 31

There are few scientifically recommended sources to learn about herbs and other "natural"products.

Question 32

Fat-soluble vitamins can not build up to toxic levels over time in the human body.

Question 33

There are no situations in which vitamin use at higher-than-RDA level is legitimate.

Question 34

Herbal products sold in the United States are standardized, which means that it is possible to determine the exact amount of the ingredients.

Question 35

Health food store staff rarely "diagnoses"or "prescribes,"because it is illegal.

Question 36

Extra vitamins give people more energy.

Question 37

Large doses of vitamin C have benefits for patients with advanced cancer.

Question 38

Organically grown foods are usually nutritionally superior to conventionally grown foods.

Question 39

Orthomolecular (meganutrient) therapy has been scientifically demonstrated to be useful in treating a wide range of diseases.

Question 40

Vitamin E supplements are needed by healthy individuals.

Question 41

Modern food processing makes it difficult to obtain a balanced diet.

Question 42

Hair analysis is useful in determining the body's nutritional state.

Question 43

Natural vitamins are purer and therefore more potent than synthetic vitamins.

Question 44

Most people need vitamin supplementation.

Question 45

The best way to ensure getting enough vitamins and minerals is to take a supplement.

Question 46

Processing destroys most vitamins and minerals in foods.

Question 47

Smokers need supplements because they are deficient in vitamin C.

Question 48

Antioxidant supplements have been proved to prevent cancer and heart disease.

Question 49

Ginseng has FDA approval as a drug.

Question 50

Vitamin C supplements offer smokers substantial protection against lung cancer.

Question 51

Which of the following is True about amino acid products?

A) There is little scientific evidence that these products help in weight-loss or building muscle.
B) Maximum safety levels have not been established.
C) Systematic scientific testing is needed.
D) All of these are true.
E) None of these are true.

Question 52

All of the following are dubious diagnostic tests except

A) market basket studies.
B) hair analysis.
C) applied kinesiology.
D) live cell analysis.
E) functional intracellular analysis.

Question 53

Which of the following has not had a negative impact on protection for consumers?

A) freedom of speech
B) freedom of the press
C) the dietary supplement Health and Education Act of 1994
D) Proxmire Amendment to the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1976
E) All of the choices have had a negative impact.

Question 54

The common characteristic of alfalfa, brewer's yeast, fertile eggs, and raw milk is that they are

A) high-fat foods.
B) unadulterated foods.
C) vitamin supplements.
D) fad foods.

Question 55

All the following have promoted nutrition faddism except

A) Adelle Davis.
B) Victor Herbert, MD.
C) Robert Atkins, MD.
D) Carlton Fredericks.
E) Rodale Press.

Question 56

Which of the following statements about the views and activities of Linus Pauling is True?

A) No well-designed, double-blind study has tested the effect of vitamin C on the common cold.
B) Vitamin C may lessen the symptoms of colds by exerting an antihistamine-like effect.
C) Pauling performed experiments to test the effect of vitamin C on prostate cancer.
D) Pauling was a medical doctor who treated people with high dosages of nutrients.
E) None of these choices.

Question 57

Which of the following statements about "organic"and "natural"foods is True?

A) The FTC plans to ban commercial use of the word "organic."
B) Foods labeled "organic" usually cost more.
C) Organically grown foods have a longer shelf life than conventional foods.
D) Use of the word natural is regulated by law.

Question 58

Food additives are used for all the following reasons except to

A) maintain product quality.
B) increase the price of foods.
C) improve taste or appearance.
D) replace nutrients lost in processing.

Question 59

Which of the following statements about nutrition advice is True?

A) Health food store proprietors rarely prescribe supplements for customers who ask for advice.
B) It is illegal in most states to do nutrition consultation without an appropriate degree from an accredited school.
C) The best way to determine whether an individual can offer reliable nutrition advice is to examine his or her credentials.
D) It is illegal to make therapeutic claims on product labels or in accompanying literature unless they have FDA approval.

Question 60

Which of the following is not a myth?

A) It is very difficult to get the nutrients needed from ordinary foods.
B) Virtually all diseases are caused by faulty diets.
C) Vitamin and mineral deficiencies are uncommon in the United States.
D) Most diseases can be prevented by nutritional means.

Question 61

All the following are expressions of food faddism except

A) eating a low-fat, high-fiber diet.
B) the use of special foods to cure specific diseases.
C) the elimination of foods from diet to avoid "toxins."
D) the emphasis on "natural" foods.

Question 62

The processing of foods causes

A) foods to become easier to digest.
B) significant loss of essential nutrients.
C) some nutrient losses that are restored by fortification.
D) more harm than good in most cases.

Question 63

Supplementation with large quantities of vitamin C has been shown to

A) prevent colds.
B) cure cancer.
C) cause constipation.
D) cause diarrhea.

Question 64

Which of the following statements about food characteristics is misleading?

A) "Organic foods" are grown without pesticides and not treated with preservatives.
B) The nutrient content of plants is determined primarily by heredity.
C) The taste of food depends on heredity and ripeness when harvested.
D) Pesticides on the outside of foods can be removed by washing.

Question 65

Which of the following does not characterize the herbal marketplace?

A) Treatment recommendations come largely from hearsay.
B) Some herbs are dangerous to use.
C) Consumers usually receive good value when purchasing herbs.
D) Many herbs recommended for specific conditions are not suitable for self-treatment.

Question 66

Compared with foods in supermarkets, similar products in health food stores are usually more

A) expensive.
B) nutritious.
C) free of pesticide residues.
D) processed.
E) safe.

Question 67

Which of the following is a valid reason to take food supplements?

A) It is difficult, if not impossible, to get the nourishment you need from ordinary foods.
B) Most people are too busy to eat sensibly.
C) Most diseases are caused by faulty diet.
D) Virtually all diseases can be prevented or remedied by nutritional means.
E) None of these choices.