Deck 11: Nutrition Fads, Fallacies, and Scams

Question 1

Glucose is the basic form of food energy for life.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Fiber refers to plant constituents resistant to human digestion.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

There are 13 known vitamins for human beings. It is unlikely that more will be discovered.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

RDAs are set higher than most people need to allow for individual variations.

Question 5

HDL refers to "good cholesterol"lipids.

Question 6

Adequate amounts of all essential nutrients can be obtained by consuming a balanced diet of foods according to a food-group system.

Question 7

The RDAs are the levels of essential nutrients necessary to meet the needs of healthy individuals.

Question 8

Vegetarianism may be associated with lower incidences of atherosclerotic heart disease and high blood pressure.

Question 9

Vegetarians are at risk for deficiency of calcium, iron, vitamin B₁₂, and certain essential amino acids.

Question 10

The US Dietary Guidelines are intended to help people meet their nutrient requirements and reduce the risk of chronic diseases.

Question 11

Women who are pregnant or may get pregnant should be sure to consume adequate amounts of folic acid.

Question 12

The FDA permits food labels to state that diets high in oats or oat bran and low in saturated fat may reduce the incidence of coronary heart disease.

Question 13

Daily Values on food labels are based on daily diets averaging 2000 and 2500 calories.

Question 14

Meatless diets can provide all the essential nutrients.

Question 15

The FDA does not permit manufacturers to claim that the amount of fiber in individual food products helps to lower the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Question 16

Vitamins promote biochemical reactions.

Question 17

Nutrition guidelines are the basis of federal food, nutrition, nutrition education, and information programs.

Question 18

Nutrition guidelines are used to establish public policy.

Question 19

Dietary values are used in planning and assessing diets.

Question 20

Many vitamin supplements are rationally formulated.

Question 21

Fast food has substantial nutritional value.

Question 22

Studies have found relationships between the amount of fiber in the diet and the incidence of diseases.

Question 23

The FDA does not permit manufacturers to claim that the amount of fiber in individual food products helps to prevent cancer.

Question 24

Vegetarian diets can be a healthful alternative but must be carefully constructed to avoid nutrient deficiencies.

Question 25

All vitamins are water-soluble.

Question 26

RDAs are based on protecting against deficiency diseases and preventing diet related diseases.

Question 27

Vitamin supplementation is advisable for many segments of the American population.

Question 28

Low-fat and low-cholesterol diets are widely recommended for adults, children and infants.

Question 29

High quality protein can not be obtained by consuming plant foods.

Question 30

Sodium intake has been proven to cause hypertension.

Question 31

Increasing the amount of soluble fiber has not been effective in lowering blood-cholesterol levels.

Question 32

RDAs have been established for all essential nutrients.

Question 33

RDAs are daily minimum nutrient requirements.

Question 34

High-fiber diets usually result in constipation.

Question 35

All the fiber found in commonly eaten foods is soluble.

Question 36

Junk food is a term used to identify foods that do not contain nutrients.

Question 37

Vegans include foods of animal origin in their diet.

Question 38

The FDA regulates the labeling of all foods.

Question 39

The main professional activity of registered dietitians is nutrition research.

Question 40

Some vitamins are required in very large amounts.

Question 41

Everyone should consume as little salt as possible to prevent high blood pressure.

Question 42

Complete proteins contain all 22 amino acids.

Question 43

Many vegetables contain complete proteins.

Question 44

All of the following can be risks associated with a high fiber diet except

A) diverticulitis.
B) feeling bloated.
C) diarrhea.
D) problems with absorption of minerals.
E) all of the choices are risks.

Question 45

All of the following are functions of fiber in the diet except

A) holding water in the intestinal tract.
B) being a catalyst for digestion.
C) making feces bulkier.
D) all of the choices.
E) none of these choices.

Question 46

Lack of dietary fiber can result in all of the following except

A) constipation.
B) inflammation of the large intestine.
C) high blood pressure.
D) hemorrhoids.
E) diabetes.

Question 47

All of the following are True about minerals except that they

A) are needed in small amounts.
B) act as catalysts for the release of energy.
C) aid in the growth and maintenance of tissues.
D) do all of the choices.
E) do none of these.

Question 48

The fundamental principles of healthful eating include all of the following except

A) supplementation.
B) moderation.
C) variety.
D) balance.
E) all of the choices.

Question 49

Which of the following is recommended for a balanced diet?

A) 30% protein, 10% fat, 60% carbohydrate
B) 10% protein, 30% fat, 60% carbohydrate
C) 60% protein, 10% fat, 30% carbohydrate
D) 30% protein, 60% fat, 10% carbohydrate

Question 50

Which of the following sets of minerals should be of special concern to consumers?

A) iron, selenium, and zinc
B) calcium, iron, and fluoride
C) calcium, copper, and potassium
D) iodide, zinc, and copper

Question 51

The prevailing scientific belief about dietary sodium is that

A) most Americans eat no more than 3 grams of sodium per day.
B) high sodium intake has been proven to cause high blood pressure.
C) fewer than 10% of Americans are "salt-sensitive" with respect to high blood pressure.
D) everyone with medically diagnosed high blood pressure should eat as little salt as possible.

Question 52

The number of essential amino acids for adults is

A) fewer than 8.
B) 8.
C) 12.
D) 22.
E) none of these choices.

Question 53

All the following are lipids except

A) glucose.
B) triglycerides.
C) phospholipids.
D) sterols.

Question 54

All the following are macrominerals except

A) sodium.
B) potassium.
C) calcium.
D) iron.

Question 55

The recommended daily fiber intake for healthy adults is

A) fewer than 15 grams.
B) 20 to 35 grams.
C) 30 to 45 mg.
D) more than 50 grams.

Question 56

The percentage of the population genetically predisposed toward hypertension is

A) 50%.
B) 20%.
C) 80%.
D) over 99%.

Question 57

The number of calories per gram in carbohydrates is

A) 4.
B) 9.
C) 20.
D) dependent on the type of carbohydrate.

Question 58

The U.S. Dietary Guidelines include doing all the following except

A) drinking water frequently.
B) choosing a diet low in saturated fat and cholesterol and moderate in total fat.
C) moderating your salt intake.
D) avoiding refined sugar.