Deck 3: Research Ethics

Question 1

Beneficence is achieved when:

A) researchers' rights are protected.
B) the results of a research project benefit the public.
C) the well-being of research participants is protected.
D) research risks are taken into consideration in the designing of a project.
E) none of the above.

Answer 1

the well-being of research participants is protected.

Question 2

Respect for persons is achieved when:

A) research participants are treated as capable of making decisions for themselves.
B) researchers take extra steps to protect those participants who are not capable of making their own decisions.
C) participants voluntarily participate in the research project.
D) participants agree to participate after being given a description of the project and their involvement.
E) all of the above.

Answer 2

all of the above.

Question 3

Justice is achieved when:

A) other researchers agree that your project was adequately planned.
B) the research team finds the results they hypothesized.
C) the research team publishes their research results.
D) all participants are treated as equal and benefit from participating in the study.
E) individuals who want to participate in a research project are chosen to participate.

Answer 3

all participants are treated as equal and benefit from participating in the study.

Question 4

An institutional review board, or human subjects review committee, can make which of the following decisions?

A) Approve the research proposal.
B) Require changes in the research proposal.
C) Deny the research proposal.
D) All of the above.
E) None of the above.

Question 5

Informed consent is:

A) when participants voluntarily agree to participate in your research project.
B) when participants voluntarily agree to participate in your research project after being given basic information about the research process.
C) explaining the research procedure to individuals before they are chosen to participate in your research project.
D) the letter researchers send to participants asking them to participate in the research project.
E) the form participants sign after they have participated in the research project.

Question 6

Audiotaping and videotaping can be used in data collection if:

A) participants consent to be taped.
B) participants know what is to be recorded.
C) participants know how the recording is being made.
D) the researcher protects the confidentiality of participants who are recorded.
E) All of the above.

Question 7

Match the following descriptions and the terms

-Has the potential to occur when researchers explore sensitive topics, or use methods in which participants re-live negative situations.

A) deception
B) confederate
C) physical harm
D) psychological harm
E) anonymity
F) confidentiality
G) debriefing

Question 8

Match the following descriptions and the terms

-A person who pretends to be participating in the research project but is really helping the researcher with the conditions of the study.

A) deception
B) confederate
C) physical harm
D) psychological harm
E) anonymity
F) confidentiality
G) debriefing

Question 9

Match the following descriptions and the terms

-Purposely and necessarily misleading participants so they are ignorant about the purpose of the research study.

A) deception
B) confederate
C) physical harm
D) psychological harm
E) anonymity
F) confidentiality
G) debriefing

Question 10

Match the following descriptions and the terms

-Opportunity for researcher to explain the purpose of the study and expected results

A) deception
B) confederate
C) physical harm
D) psychological harm
E) anonymity
F) confidentiality
G) debriefing

Question 11

Match the following descriptions and the terms

-Overly invasive physical procedures

A) deception
B) confederate
C) physical harm
D) psychological harm
E) anonymity
F) confidentiality
G) debriefing

Question 12

Match the following descriptions and the terms

-Information or data the participant provides is controlled by the researcher so others do not have access to it.

A) deception
B) confederate
C) physical harm
D) psychological harm
E) anonymity
F) confidentiality
G) debriefing

Question 13

Match the following descriptions and the terms

-Information that can identify participants are not attached to the data.

A) deception
B) confederate
C) physical harm
D) psychological harm
E) anonymity
F) confidentiality
G) debriefing

Question 14

The best time to consider the ethical standards for conducting research is in the planning of the research process.

Question 15

There is one agreed-upon and published set of ethical standards and practices for conducting communication research.

Question 16

Research sponsors and universities can differ to which ethical standards are required. Before collecting any data, researchers should check with their institution (and sponsor, if applicable) to determine which standards must be followed and which approvals are needed.

Question 17

Informed consent creates obligations and responsibilities for the researcher.

Question 18

When an individual refuses to participate, ethical guidelines suggest that researchers try other persuasive techniques to encourage participation.

Question 19

Because it is more difficult for researchers using qualitative methods to completely plan their research process, they are allowed to avoid informed consent procedures.

Question 20

Regardless of who prepares the research report, the researcher is responsible for the accuracy of data contained in the report.

Question 21

Explain why ethical standards for conducting research would change with respect to changes in scientific practices and in response to collecting data from new locations.

Question 22

Give examples of the two broad ethical responsibilities all researchers share.

Question 23

Identify five questions researchers should ask and answer during the design of their research projects.

Question 24

Explain the ethical responsibilities of research participants.

Question 25

Describe five of the elements that must be contained in informed consent.

Question 26

Explain how the "public"and "private"nature of communication affects the requirement for informed consent for qualitative research projects.

Question 27

Describe the steps a researcher could take to create anonymity for research participants.

Question 28

Explain why plagiarism is an ethical concern to which researchers must attend.