Deck 1: Evolution of Canadian Policing

Question 1

Prior to Confederation, each region in Canada had its own policing arrangements, depending on the size of the settlements, the characteristics of the population, and the specific needs of communities.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

One of the mandates of early municipal police forces involved dealing with conflicts between labourers and business owners.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The earliest provincial police force was created in the 1830's and was composed of Scottish immigrants with policing experience in the UK.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

The NWMP was created by Parliament to become Canada's first national police force, eventually evolving into the now famous RCMP.

Question 5

The blueprint for Canadian policing is shaped to a large extent by the emergence of modern policing in the United States with influencing policing practices from England and France.

Question 6

Sir Robert Peel was:

A) the first Commissioner of the North-West Mounted Police.
B) the chief constable of the first municipal police force established in Canada.
C) the chief of the first organized police force in London, England.
D) the first provincial police commissioner in Canada.

Question 7

The historical record indicates that the first police constables in Canada were appointed in:

A) Quebec City in the early 1600s.
B) Halifax in the early 1700s.
C) Upper Canada in the early 1700s.
D) the territory that is now the province of British Columbia.

Question 8

Historically, in Canada:

A) police services were developed in a uniform manner.
B) there was strong support for the development of municipal police forces.
C) law enforcement functions were performed on an informal basis by community residents.
D) the RCMP was the primary force.

Question 9

In 1829, a full-time, unarmed police force of 1000 men was established in London. These new officers were known popularly as:

A) Cops or Coppers
B) Officers or NCOs
C) Bobbies or Peelers
D) Detectives or Investigators

Question 10

In the history of policing in France, the police were:

A) Respectful of human rights
B) Viewed as 'spys' for the king
C) Primarily concerned about citizen safety
D) Politically neutral

Question 11

The RCMP, originally known as the North-West Mounted Police, were modeled after the:

A) Victoria Police Department (1858)
B) Royal Irish Constabulary
C) London Metropolitan Police
D) New York City Police Department

Question 12

The Alberta government dissolved the Alberta Provincial Police due to:

A) a lack of suitable applicants in the province
B) corruption and scandals within the police department
C) the economics of the Depression
D) a political desire for a national police force

Question 13

The period from the early 1900s through to roughly 1970 is known as:

A) the professional era of policing
B) the modernization of policing
C) the era of reform and restoration
D) the foundation for technological change

Question 14

Historically, the neighbourhood beat acted as the "office" of the police officer. In modern times, the "office of the police officer" is now considered to be:

A) the community police station
B) departmental headquarters
C) local coffee shops and youth centers
D) the patrol car

Question 15

The earliest police force in British Columbia was created in 1858 and was made up of:

A) members from the logging community
B) French Canadians from Quebec
C) Black immigrants from California
D) former police personnel from Ontario

Question 16

Historians have made the important observation that communities and settlements created formal police forces

A) as settlements grew and populations increased
B) when the taxation base could afford emergency services
C) when mandated by the federal government
D) only when there was a "felt need" to do so

Question 17

As more settlers moved west there was a need to control disorder, usually related to:

A) gold mining, racism and exploitation
B) drinking, prostitution, and gambling
C) theft, cattle rustling and illegal alcohol
D) the cheating of aboriginal people on land claims

Question 18

In 1917, Alberta established their own provincial police in response to:

A) the cancellation of the policing contract held by the Royal North-West Mounted Police.
B) a means of providing securing provincial control over policing
C) the 10 year anniversary of the province.
D) the cancellation of the policing contract held by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police.

Question 19

Why is Sir Robert Peel an important person in our study of community policing?

Question 20

In what way does the hue and cry illustrate the involvement of the community in maintaining order?

Question 21

In what way could the frankpledge system be called the first type of community policing?

Question 22

What was the significance of the Statute of Winchester, enacted in 1285?

Question 23

Why is the Justice of the Peace Act (1321) important in our study of the history of policing?

Question 24

The mandate of early municipal police forces covered three primary tasks. Has this changed over the years?

Question 25

What were the initial objectives of the NWMP when they were formed?

Question 26

List some of the characteristics of the Professional Era of Policing?

Question 27

Discuss the three technological innovations that radically altered the delivery of policing services in recent times

Question 28

List and discuss the various principles of Sir Robert Peel noting their relevance to modern day policing in Canada.

Question 29

Why is the RCMP a unique police force? How did this police agency emerge as the result of a historical accident rather than the product of a master plan?

Question 30

Discuss how technology has impacted upon the delivery of policing services in recent times in both a positive manner and a negative manner.