Deck 27: Immunology

Question 1

What are the two most common ways that latex can enter the body?

A) Inhalation and ingestion
B) Injection and ingestion
C) Inhalation and absorption
D) Injection and absorption

Answer 1

Inhalation and absorption

Question 2

Which food has a high risk of allergic reaction in people with a latex allergy?

A) Hazelnut
B) Avocado
C) Kiwi
D) Apple

Answer 2

Avocado

Question 3

A substance that is foreign to the body and causes a normal immune system reaction is called an

A) antibody.
B) antigen.
C) allergen.
D) anaphylaxis.

Answer 3

antigen.

Question 4

Which of the following is a substance produced by white blood cells to defend the body against bacteria, viruses or other substances that are foreign to an individual?

A) Antigen
B) Anaphylaxis
C) Antibody
D) Allergen

Question 5

What does histamine do in an allergic reaction?

A) Histamine causes constriction of arterioles and capillaries and dilation of the bronchial muscle.
B) Histamine causes dilation of arterioles and capillaries and constriction of the bronchial muscle.
C) Histamine causes constriction of arteries and veins and increases systematic blood pressure.
D) Histamine causes dilation of arteries and veins and decreases systematic blood pressure.

Question 6

How does venom from bees, wasps, spiders, and scorpions enter the body?

A) Injection
B) Inhalation
C) Surface Absorption
D) Ingestion

Question 7

Mildew, paint, latex and bug spray often cause an allergic reaction when

A) inhaled.
B) injected.
C) ingested.
D) absorbed.

Question 8

Which of the following routes of entry do pollen, soap, latex and fertilizer use to cause an allergic reaction?

A) Penetration.
B) Inhalation.
C) Absorption.
D) Saturation.

Question 9

Peanuts, berries and eggs often cause an allergic reaction when

A) inhaled.
B) absorbed.
C) ingested.
D) injected.

Question 10

Which is a sign of a severe allergic reaction?

A) Wheezing
B) Hives
C) Sneezing
D) Coughing

Question 11

People with latex allergies often have an allergic reaction after eating

A) shell fish.
B) chestnuts.
C) gluten.
D) buttermilk.

Question 12

Apples, kiwi, potatoes, and tomatoes often cause a _______ allergic reaction in people with latex allergies.

A) low/uncertain
B) no reaction
C) moderate
D) high

Question 13

What is anaphylaxis?

A) An allergic reaction that is unresponsive to basic medication.
B) A severe allergic reaction that affects multiple body systems.
C) An allergic reaction that has multiple mechanisms of entry.
D) A severe allergic reaction that occurs without warning.

Question 14

This image is an allergy warning for

A) nylon.
B) plastics.
C) latex.
D) adhesives.

Question 15

When an allergic reaction is severe and affects multiple body systems, it is called

A) pruritus.
B) urticaria.
C) aphasia.
D) anaphylaxis.

Question 16

What is the term for itching that can occur at the site of an exposure to an allergen?

A) Urticaria
B) Anaphylaxis
C) Pruritus
D) Inflammatory response

Question 17

An anaphylaxis kit must include

A) a metered-dose inhaler.
B) an epinephrine autoinjector.
C) a pair of non-latex gloves.
D) a dose of anti-histamines.

Question 18

How does epinephrine help an allergic reaction?

A) It relaxes airway passages and constricts blood vessels.
B) It increases heart rate and brain activity.
C) It relaxes blood muscles and thins the blood plasma.
D) It dilates blood vessels and slows the heart rate.

Question 19

Why is it important to constantly reassess patients with an allergic reaction?

A) Allergic reactions require consistent application of oxygen.
B) Allergic reactions have various reactions to medications.
C) Allergic reactions cause anxious patients to become unruly.
D) Allergic reactions can quickly bring on airway obstruction.

Question 20

Which object is typically an allergen risk via inhalation?

A) Soap
B) Vaccine
C) Sulfites
D) Latex

Question 21

You should know if your medical direction contraindicates use of epinephrine autoinjectors for adults with

A) low blood pressure.
B) coronary artery disease.
C) sickle cell disease.
D) high blood pressure.

Question 22

When administering epinephrine, you should remember that

A) adults and children get different size doses.
B) you can use it only when a patient is non-responsive.
C) you can use it whenever a patient requests allergy relief.
D) adults and children are injected in different locations.

Question 23

Your patient is having an allergic reaction and is fearful, panicky, and has a headache. Which of the following body systems is being affected by her allergic reaction?

A) Respiratory
B) Nervous
C) Cardiovascular
D) Integumentary

Question 24

Your patient says that he feels like he has a "lump in his throat," his nose is running, his voice is very hoarse and his breathing is labored. Which of the following body systems is being affected by his allergic reaction?

A) Respiratory
B) Nervous
C) Integumentary
D) Cardiovascular

Question 25

When assisting a patient in administering his or her prescribed epinephrine auto-injector, you should

A) press the autoinjector against the inside of one thigh until a release is heard.
B) tell the patient to form a fist around the EpiPen with the black tip down.
C) insert the EpiPen at a 45-degree angle to the thigh.
D) help the patient grasp the EpiPen with the black tip pointing upward.

Question 26

Your patient has red, itchy spots on her chest, arms, and hands that appeared within the last 15 minutes. She says that she has no known allergies. You should

A) call an ALS team for rapid transport.
B) administer supplemental oxygen.
C) administer a bystander's epinephrine auto-injector.
D) recommend that she use an over-the-counter corticosteroid cream.

Question 27

Your patient has a peanut allergy and suspects that she may have eaten something containing peanuts. She is wheezing, has pale, cool, clammy skin and reports feeling lightheaded. You should

A) use positive-pressure ventilation.
B) insert an oral airway device.
C) provide oxygen via a non-rebreather mask.
D) apply a nasal cannula.

Question 28

After administering epinephrine by means of an autoinjector, you should reassess your patient every

A) 5 minutes.
B) 8 minutes.
C) 2 minutes.
D) 10 minutes.

Question 29

EpiPens are available in how many different strengths?

A) 2
B) 1
C) 4
D) 3

Question 30

Your patient is a 65 year old male who tells you that he has coronary artery disease and was stung by a bee, which has caused an allergic reaction in the past. He is able to speak in full sentences. You should

A) prepare him for immediate transportation.
B) assist him in using his epinephrine autoinjector.
C) consult medical direction before giving him epinephrine.
D) assist his ventilations with a bag mask and supplemental oxygen.