Deck 21: Respiratory Disorders

Question 1

Your patient has difficulty breathing while lying down, but her breathing is relieved or lessened when she sits or stands. This is called

A) orthopnea
B) agonal breathing
C) dyspnea
D) paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

Answer 1

orthopnea

Question 2

Which of the following is a cause of an increased respiratory rate in a patient?

A) Head Injury
B) Hypothermia
C) Hypoxia
D) Drug Overdose

Answer 2

Hypoxia

Question 3

Which of the following causes a decreased respiratory rate in a patient?

A) Head Injury
B) High fever
C) Anxiety
D) Pain

Answer 3

Head Injury

Question 4

What is the term for indentations of the skin between the ribs?

A) Clavicular retractions
B) Subcostal retractions
C) Supraclavicular retractions
D) Intercostal retractions

Question 5

In an infant or child, which of the following is a sign that the body is attempting to increase the size of the airway and increase the amount of available oxygen?

A) Head bobbing
B) Agonal breathing
C) Nasal flaring
D) Seesaw breathing

Question 6

Your patient is hypoxic, moving an adequate amount of air and is able to answer your assessment questions. Vital signs are: P 135, R 28, B 140/90. He is having what level of breathing difficulty?

A) Moderate breathing difficulty
B) Severe breathing difficulty
C) No breathing difficulty
D) Mild breathing difficulty

Question 7

Your patient is moving an adequate amount of air, but she is unable to answer your assessment questions. Her vital signs are: P 135, R 30, SaO2 89%. The patient is having

A) mild breathing difficulty.
B) severe breathing difficulty.
C) moderate breathing difficulty.
D) no breathing difficulty.

Question 8

Which of the following medical conditions often causes dyspnea?

A) Migraine
B) Grave's Disease
C) Multiple sclerosis
D) Cardiac dysrhythmia

Question 9

Your 2 year old patient presents with symptoms of a cold that started gradually three days ago and includes stridor, a barking cough, and a fever of 101 degrees. You suspect

A) epiglottis.
B) pertussis.
C) croup.
D) chronic bronchitis.

Question 10

Which of the following illnesses has a distinct barking cough and affects the larynx?

A) Croup
B) Chronic Bronchitis
C) Pertussis
D) Epiglottis

Question 11

Your 6 year old patient is presenting with a sudden onset fever of 102 degrees, has a sore throat, difficulty swallowing, and is unwilling to lie down. You should

A) place the child on his back and restrict movement.
B) look in the child's mouth for possible obstructions.
C) give supplemental oxygen via non-rebreather mask.
D) observe and reassess the patient every 3 minutes.

Question 12

Your patient is presenting with severe coughing spasms and reports that he started feeling poorly about a week ago with a runny nose, sneezing, a low-grade fever and a mild cough. You suspect

A) chronic bronchitis.
B) pertussis.
C) pneumonia.
D) emphysema.

Question 13

Which condition is a widespread, temporary narrowing of the air passages that transport air from the nose and mouth to the lungs?

A) Emphysema
B) Pneumonia
C) Asthma
D) Croup

Question 14

Which condition is often caused by smoking and is characterized by sputum production during three months of the year for at least two consecutive years?

A) Pneumonia
B) Emphysema
C) Asthma
D) Chronic Bronchitis

Question 15

Your patient is presenting with pursed-lip breathing, a chronic cough, increased respiratory rate, barrel chest, and dyspnea with exertion. She has

A) chronic bronchitis.
B) pneumonia.
C) emphysema.
D) asthma.

Question 16

Which infection affects gas exchange in the lungs and is most often caused by bacteria and viruses?

A) Emphysema
B) Pneumonia
C) Chronic Bronchitis
D) Asthma

Question 17

Your patient had surgery on his leg a few weeks ago and is now presenting with restlessness, a cough, increased respiratory and heart rates, blood-tinged sputum, and he is hypotensive. He is likely suffering from

A) a pneumothorax.
B) acute pulomonary edema.
C) pneumonia.
D) a pulmonary embolism.

Question 18

A condition that is most commonly caused by failure of the left ventricle of the heart, but that can also be caused by a narcotic overdose, trauma, high altitude, or poisonous gases is

A) acute pulomonary edema.
B) pulmonary embolism.
C) pneumothorax.
D) asthma.

Question 19

Your patient was awakened by a sudden onset of chest pain. She has shortness of breath, an increased respiratory rate, and is coughing. Two weeks ago, she was diagnosed with pneumonia. You suspect

A) a pulmonary embolism.
B) acute pulmonary edema.
C) chronic bronchitis.
D) a spontaneous pneumothorax.

Question 20

When assisting a patient in using a metered-dose inhaler, you should

A) ask the patient to exhale through the nose as the medication is administered.
B) determine that the patient has signs of respiratory distress.
C) wait ten minutes after administration before assessing the patient's lung sounds and oxygen saturation.
D) gain specific authorization from medical direction prior to administration.

Question 21

You are assessing the breathing of a patient and are hearing short popping sounds that are occurring more on inhalation than exhalation. You should note

A) rhonchi.
B) crackles.
C) stridor.
D) wheezing.

Question 22

An inherited disease that causes nasal congestion, abnormally high sweat electrolytes, frequent respiratory infections, a persistent cough, wheezing and thin extremities is

A) chronic bronchitis
B) cystic fibrosis
C) asthma
D) acute pulmonary edema

Question 23

Which of the following can be caused by inhaled irritants, infections, and exercise?

A) Croup
B) Asthma
C) Emphysema
D) Pneumonia

Question 24

Your patient has an increased respiratory rate, a productive cough, cyanosis, and cannot answer your questions without pausing for breaths in between responses. You suspect

A) an asthma attack.
B) chronic bronchitis.
C) pneumonia.
D) emphysema.

Question 25

_____________ causes an irreversible enlargement of the air spaces distal to the terminal bronchioles.

A) Asthma
B) Pneumonia
C) Chronic Bronchitis
D) Emphysema

Question 26

Your patient has a fever and chills, shortness of breath, a cough, and sharp, stabbing chest pains. Vital signs are: P 110, R 30, and B/P: 130/90. You suspect

A) asthma.
B) pneumonia.
C) a spontaneous pneumothorax.
D) emphysema.

Question 27

Oral contraceptives, atrial fibrillation, and bed rest due to hip and knee surgery increase the risk of

A) acute pulomonary edema.
B) pneumonia.
C) pulmonary embolism.
D) pneumothorax.

Question 28

Your patient was hiking in the mountains when he became sick. He has cool, moist skin; dyspnea on exertion; wheezing; rapid, labored breathing; and tachycardia. You suspect

A) pulmonary embolism.
B) pneumonia.
C) spontaneous pneumothorax.
D) acute pulmonary edema.

Question 29

Your patient is a tall, thin 30 year old male with no history of lung disease. He reports that during the night he was awakened by a sudden onset of chest pain. He has shortness of breath, an increased respiratory rate and is coughing. You suspect

A) chronic bronchitis.
B) primary spontaneous pneumothorax.
C) an acute pulmonary edema.
D) pneumonia.

Question 30

Which of the following illnesses is a highly contagious bacterial infection of the respiratory tract?

A) Chronic Bronchitis
B) Pneumonia
C) Pertussis
D) Emphysema

Question 31

The arrow in the image below is pointing to which part of the throat?

A) Epiglottis
B) Trachea
C) Vocal fold
D) Palatine tonsil