Deck 20: Endocrine Disorders

Question 1

Blood glucose levels are primarily regulated by the

A) liver.
B) pancreas.
C) brain.
D) stomach.

Answer 1

pancreas.

Question 2

Somatostatin is responsible for

A) stimulating cells in the liver.
B) inhibiting the release of glucagon.
C) digesting food after meals.
D) promoting the release of insulin.

Answer 2

inhibiting the release of glucagon.

Question 3

Insulin is

A) regulated by feedback systems in the liver.
B) stored in the muscles with glycogen.
C) needed to help glucose enter fat cells.
D) stimulated when glucagon is metabolized.

Answer 3

needed to help glucose enter fat cells.

Question 4

The release of glucagon will decrease

A) somatostatin levels.
B) insulin release.
C) glycogen stores.
D) blood glucose levels.

Question 5

You are obtaining the medical history of a 57 year old woman. She reports blurred vision, fatigue, and abdominal pain, and you notice that her breath has a fruity odor. From these findings, you suspect that she has

A) type 2 diabetes.
B) insulin shortage.
C) type 1 diabetes.
D) metabolic disorder.

Question 6

Which of the following statements about glucose is true?

A) Glucose is a large molecule.
B) Glucose is released by beta cells.
C) Glucose may be stored in the brain.
D) Glucose is a type of hormone.

Question 7

Your 50 year old diabetic patient is pale and sweaty. He tells you that he will "have a snack and be fine." He is refusing medical transportation. You should

A) carefully document his refusal.
B) assume implied consent and transport.
C) consult with medical direction.
D) watch the patient eat before you release him.

Question 8

When the release of insulin is inhibited

A) somatostatin levels decrease and glucagon levels increase.
B) somatostatin and glucagon levels increase.
C) somatostatin levels increase and glucagon levels decrease.
D) somatostatin and glucagon levels decrease.

Question 9

A 62 year old diabetic man is suffering from an altered mental status. Vital signs are P 140, R 28, BP 140/90. The patient reports that he has not been feeling well for a few days. You suspect

A) increased blood sugar.
B) late signs of hypoglycemia.
C) early signs of insulin shock.
D) decreased blood sugar.

Question 10

Your 28 year old patient appears confused and is unable to answer your questions. You should

A) continue with the examination and assess his vital signs.
B) call medical direction for a consultation on treatment.
C) administer oral glucose and then reevaluate the patient.
D) look for a medical identification card, necklace, or bracelet.

Question 11

You have arrived on a scene where a 10 year old diabetic girl is in an emergency crisis. You consider that she may be

A) suffering from an untreated bacterial infection.
B) suffering from poor peripheral circulation.
C) in danger of a silent myocardial infarction.
D) in danger of seizures and cerebral edema.

Question 12

You are at a scene where a 73 year old diabetic woman is suffering from severe hypoglycemia. You do not suspect any spinal trauma. Before treating the patient, you should position her

A) on a straight backboard.
B) in the Trendelenburg position.
C) on a turned backboard.
D) in a lateral recumbent position.

Question 13

You have arrived on the scene where a 67 year old diabetic man requires oral glucose treatment. The correct dose of oral glucose for this patient is

A) 1/4 of an oral glucose tube.
B) 1 entire glucose tube.
C) 1/2 of an oral glucose tube.
D) 1 and 1/2 of oral glucose tubes.

Question 14

What is the function of the hormone calcitonin?

A) Decreases blood calcium levels
B) Increases blood calcium levels
C) Increases cellular metabolism
D) Decreases cellular metabolism

Question 15

Which of the following is a symptom of hyperthyroidism?

A) Irregular menstrual periods
B) Unexplained weight gain
C) Unexplained fatigue
D) Hair loss

Question 16

What body regulation step occurs when blood glucose concentration is too high?

A) Insulin is secreted by pancreatic alpha cells.
B) The liver releases insulin into the bloodstream.
C) The beta cells of the pancreas secrete insulin.
D) The liver takes up and stores insulin.

Question 17

Glucagon is

A) a hormone.
B) an inhibitor.
C) a sugar.
D) a regulator.

Question 18

A possible cause of type I diabetes is

A) obesity.
B) a change in metabolism.
C) insulin resistance.
D) a viral infection.

Question 19

Which statement about gestational diabetes is correct?

A) Gestational diabetes affects about 10% of all pregnant women.
B) Gestational diabetes increases the risk for type 2 diabetes later in life.
C) Gestational diabetes goes away within days after the baby is born.
D) Gestational diabetes usually occurs in the 3rd or 4th month of pregnancy.

Question 20

Kussmaul respirations are a symptom of

A) type 2 diabetes.
B) diabetic ketoacidosis.
C) hypoglycemia.
D) type 1 diabetes.

Question 21

Which of the following statements about hypoglycemia is correct?

A) A blood glucose level less than 90 mg/dL indicates a hypoglycemic adult.
B) Hypoglycemia can lead to irreversible brain damage.
C) Hypoglycemia is the least common diabetic emergency.
D) The onset of hypoglycemia is gradual and may take days to develop.

Question 22

Diabetic ketoacidosis

A) predominantly occurs when diabetics do not eat enough food.
B) predominantly occurs in people who have type 1 diabetes.
C) may occur when blood sugar levels reach 200 mg/dL.
D) may occur if a diabetic has consumed too much alcohol.

Question 23

A fruity breath odor

A) is a sign of Cheyne-stokes respirations.
B) is a common sign of Type 2 diabetes.
C) may occur with Kussmaul respirations.
D) may be detected by 80% of the population.