Deck 10: Lifes

Question 1

Death is a part of life.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

In most states, a person is considered legally dead if his/her heart and lungs cease to function.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Today, about half of the deaths that occur in the United States take place in hospitals.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The number of patients receiving hospice care has gradually declined over the last decade.

Question 5

Terminal sedation is used to hasten a peaceful death of the terminally ill.

Question 6

In middle adulthood, heart disease and cancer are the leading causes of death.

Question 7

Mourning is synonymous with grief over the death of a person, but also describes culturally prescribed ways of displaying grief.

Question 8

In most European countries, Roman Catholics visit cemeteries in an attempt to communicate with the souls of the dead, build altars, and offer food and drink.

Question 9

The grieving process requires that one withdraw from his/her normal activities for an undetermined period of time.

Question 10

The poem "Thanatopsis," by William Cullen Bryant, expresses Erik Erikson's goal of ego integrity-optimism that we can maintain a sense of trust through life.

Question 11

The term dying is best described as ____.

A) the irreversible cessation of vital life functions
B) the end stage of life, in which bodily processes decline, leading to death
C) starting with the confirmed diagnosis of terminal illness or irreversible decline in organ function
D) point at which consciousness cannot be regained

Question 12

What do medical authorities generally use as the basis for determining that a person has died?

A) brain death
B) stoppage of the heart
C) both brain death and stoppage of the heart
D) either brain death or stoppage of the heart

Question 13

After receiving an urgent call from his father about an automobile accident involving his mother, Peter races to the hospital. He learns from the hospital staff that his mother is brain dead. The emergency room physician explains to Peter that his mother ____.

A) has a 50% chance of making a full recovery depending on the success of upcoming surgeries and physical therapy
B) requires a respirator because there was selective damage to her brain stem
C) suffered irreversible damage to her cerebral cortex and will not regain consciousness
D) can hear his voice and knows that Peter and his father are with her

Question 14

After receiving an urgent call from his father about an automobile accident involving his mother, Peter races to the hospital. He learns from the hospital staff that his mother is brain dead. Peter wants confirmation from the emergency room doctors, who show Peter the results of her ____.

A) EEG recording
B) MRI scan
C) CT scan
D) PET scan

Question 15

While at the hospital attending to his mother, Peter meets a woman named Lea, whose father was diagnosed with whole brain death following cardiac arrest. She explains to Peter that her father requires a respirator ____.

A) because he suffered irreversible damage to his brain stem
B) because his heart is too weak to supply blood to the brain
C) to stimulate contractions of the heart muscle
D) because his cerebral cortex cannot coordinate respiratory and cardiovascular functions

Question 16

According to Kübler-Ross, the five stages of dying are: denial; anger, bargaining, depression, and ____.

A) contentment
B) saying good-bye
C) making amends
D) final acceptance

Question 17

Fifty-one-year old Paulette recently learned that she has terminal stage IV pancreatic cancer. She calls the doctor's office repeatedly and demands that she be tested again because she is sure they made a mistake. According to Kübler-Ross, Paulette is displaying signs of which stage of dying?

A) denial
B) anger
C) bargaining
D) depression

Question 18

Forty-six-year old Nathan recently learned that he has terminal advanced stage lung cancer. He finds himself thinking throughout the day, "Why me? It isn't fair. I was supposed to live to 90." According to Kübler-Ross, Nathan is displaying signs of which stage of dying?

A) denial
B) anger
C) bargaining
D) depression

Question 19

Fifty-five-year old Bernice recently learned that he has terminal melanoma with brain metastasis. Although she is not very religions, she finds herself praying out loud, "Please God, give me at least one more year, I want to see my daughter graduate from college." According to Kübler-Ross, Bernice is displaying signs of which stage of dying?

A) denial
B) anger
C) bargaining
D) depression

Question 20

Sixty-nine-year old Jacob recently learned that he has advanced stage terminal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. He spends most of his time thinking about his family - about how his kids won't have a father and whether his wife will remarry. According to Kübler-Ross, Jacob is displaying signs of which stage of dying?

A) denial
B) anger
C) bargaining
D) depression

Question 21

What is a critique of Kübler-Ross's five stages of dying?

A) They are based on the clinical stages of dying.
B) They ignore the emotional needs of those who are terminally ill.
C) They are most relevant for those suffering from a terminal illness.
D) They do not adequately address situations pertaining to terminal illness.

Question 22

Why may individuals facing death choose a hospital setting during the process of dying?

A) It provides the best resources for pain management.
B) People remain hopeful that they can avert death.
C) Most homes are not equipped with the appropriate medical equipment.
D) The emotional pain of dying is mitigated in a clinical setting.

Question 23

What type of care does hospice primarily provide?

A) curative
B) rehabilitative
C) palliative
D) spiritual

Question 24

Where does most hospice care take place?

A) nursing home
B) hospital
C) hospice center
D) patient's home

Question 25

How does hospice care differ from hospital care for a dying patient?

A) The family is in charge of making many decisions for the patient.
B) The focus is on the patient and the family.
C) Physicians are not part of the hospice team.
D) The focus is on psychological well-being not pain management.

Question 26

Min's great-aunt Li is in the final stages of life following a brief battle with pancreatic cancer. Min's mother calls to tell him that hospice is attending to Aunt Li and that he should visit immediately. Min is unsure of how to act when he sees his aunt. As a hospice worker, what advice can you give to Min?

A) Avoid the use of humor, this will trivialize her suffering.
B) Do not talk about upcoming events in your life, this will cause her too much pain.
C) If Aunt Li starts to talk about her passing, quickly change the subject to cheer her up.
D) Crouch down next to Aunt Li's face and hold her hand; this will comfort her.

Question 27

The word euthanasia literally means ____.

A) "life beyond"
B) "peaceful passing"
C) "mercy killing"
D) "good death"

Question 28

Eighty-three-year old Matilda has advanced stage breast cancer that has spread to her bone, causing tremendous pain. Matilda feels that the pain is almost too much to bear and discusses with her husband the possibility of quickly and painlessly ending her life with his assistance. The term used to describe Matilda's request is ____.

A) expiration with dignity
B) death by choice
C) voluntary active euthanasia
D) assisted life termination

Question 29

The best-known cases of physician-assisted suicides have involved a retired pathologist dubbed "Dr. Death" by the press for having assisted in more than 35 patient suicides. What is the name of this doctor?

A) Dr. Sears
B) Dr. Kevorkian
C) Dr. Bowlby
D) Dr. Jacobs

Question 30

Following cardiac arrest, Bob's 86-year-old wife Cynthia remains comatose and shows no brain activity. Bob feels strongly that Cynthia would not want to remain in a "lifeless" body; he searches the Internet to find out what type of drug overdose will cause her to slip into a quiet, peaceful death. What type of euthanasia is Bob contemplating?

A) involuntary active euthanasia
B) forcible active euthanasia
C) submissive euthanasia
D) passive euthanasia

Question 31

What is the Death With Dignity Act?

A) Physicians are allowed to prescribe and administer lethal doses of medications to terminally ill patients.
B) Terminally ill patients can get a prescription for lethal doses of medication, which they then administer themselves.
C) If and only in the event that pain medications are ineffective, physicians are allowed to prescribe and administer lethal doses of medications to terminally ill patients.
D) If and only in the event that pain medications are ineffective, terminally ill patients can get a prescription for lethal doses of medication, which they then administer themselves.

Question 32

What percent of American physicians are opposed to physician-assisted suicide?

A) 27%
B) 48%
C) 69%
D) 90%

Question 33

What is true of terminally ill patients' attitudes toward physician-assisted suicide?

A) The majority of patients say that they support physician-assisted suicide in general.
B) A small majority of patients have seriously considered physician-assisted suicides for themselves.
C) Patients 65 or older are more likely to have seriously contemplated physician-assisted suicide.
D) Those who had around-the-clock care were less likely to considered physician-assisted suicide.

Question 34

Following cardiac arrest, Bob's 86-year-old wife Cynthia remains comatose and shows no signs of brain activity. Bob feels strongly that Cynthia would not want to remain in a "lifeless" body, so he discusses with her doctors the possibility of removing her from life support. What type of euthanasia is Bob contemplating?

A) involuntary active euthanasia
B) forcible active euthanasia
C) submissive euthanasia
D) passive euthanasia

Question 35

A document prepared when a person is well, directing medical-care providers to terminate life-sustaining treatment in the event that the person becomes incapacitated and unable to speak, is referred to as a ____.

A) living will
B) resuscitation rejection order
C) medical proclamation document
D) personal health plan

Question 36

Three-year-old Sasha's grandmother passed away recently. Given her age, which statement is Sasha likely to make regarding her grandmother's death?

A) "Why isn't Nana coming back?"
B) "When will Nana be back from vacation?"
C) "Did Nana die because I was bad?"
D) "Will I die someday?"

Question 37

Seven-year-old Mark lost his father to cancer. His mother Liza isn't sure how to help Mark cope or what to expect from him. As a bereavement counselor, what do you tell Liza?

A) Even if he is frightened, it is important for Mark to attend the funeral and burial of his father.
B) Don't be blunt; instead, use gentle euphemisms about death like, "Daddy is sleeping peacefully."
C) Understand that prolonged loss of sleep or appetite are a normal part of the grieving process for children.
D) Respond to Mark's questions as openly and honestly as possible.

Question 38

How does the shift from childhood to adolescence change our experiences with and behaviors surrounding death?

A) Adolescent no longer construct magical, spiritual, or pseudoscientific theories as to how some form of life or thought might survive.
B) Adolescents become increasingly exposed to death and are more likely to attend funerals.
C) Risk taking behaviors begin to drop off substantially out of fear of death.
D) In general, adolescents are less fearful of death than children.

Question 39

What is the leading cause of death in early adulthood?

A) cancer
B) accidents
C) suicide
D) homicide

Question 40

What is the leading cause of death for individuals 85 and older?

A) heart disease
B) cancer
C) chronic respiratory disease
D) stroke

Question 41

When an individual dies, a coroner is needed only if ____.

A) foul play is suspected
B) the cause of death cannot be readily determined
C) the deceased individual is less than 50 years of age
D) the death occurred at a private residence

Question 42

Funerals are usually a families' ____ largest expense.

A) second
B) fourth
C) sixth
D) eight

Question 43

A state of intense grief following the loss of a loved one is referred to as ____.

A) mourning
B) sorrow
C) bereavement
D) anguish

Question 44

A period of time after the death of a loved one during which a person expresses grief and may follow rituals such as the wearing of black clothing is referred to as ____.

A) mourning
B) woefulness
C) bereavement
D) anguish

Question 45

On a recent trip to Mexico, Lorenzo learns of a holiday to honor the dead. As part of the holiday Mexicans visit cemeteries in an attempt to communicate with the souls of the dead, offering food, drink and photographs to encourage the souls to visit. What is the holiday called?

A) All Saints Day
B) Day of the Dead
C) All Hallows' Eve
D) The Dearly Departed

Question 46

In Japan, how do Buddhists celebrate the Bon Festival to honor the departed spirits of their ancestors?

A) praying in solace
B) visiting with family
C) donating to charity
D) fasting

Question 47

In Korea, how is the holiday of Chuseok celebrated?

A) dressing up as the deceased
B) visiting with family
C) donating to charity
D) visiting shrines and bringing offerings

Question 48

When do the Chinese believe that the spirits of the dead visit Earth from the underworld?

A) Easter
B) Chinese New Year
C) Ghost Month
D) Day of the Dead

Question 49

Vince tells his classmates how his relatives in the Philippines honor the dead. He mentions that during the holiday of Araw ng mga Patay, his relatives ____.

A) camp out near grave sites
B) act out plays honoring the dead
C) wear the clothing of the dead
D) meditate in silence

Question 50

One description of the stages of grief for coping with bereavement is as follows: shock-numbness, yearning-searching, disorganization-despair, and reorganization. Who proposed these?

A) Bowlby
B) Kevorkian
C) Maciejewski
D) Jacobs

Question 51

One description of the stages of grief for coping with bereavement is as follows:: numbness-disbelief, separation distress (yearning-anger-anxiety), depression-mourning, and recovery. Who proposed these?

A) Bowlby
B) Kevorkian
C) Maciejewski
D) Jacobs

Question 52

What were Maciejewski and colleagues assessment of Jacobs' stages of grief?

A) Yearning never went away but persisted in varying degrees for a lifetime.
B) Acceptance of the death of a loved one occurred prior to depression.
C) Yearning, anger, and depression rose suddenly in the predicted order.
D) Disbelief was highest just after the death of a loved one and quickly waned within months.

Question 53

Sal lost his wife a month ago. He confides in his best friend Artie that he isn't sure he'll ever get over the loss of his wife. As an expert in the bereavement process, what would you tell Sal?

A) Try to spend sometime away from others to clear your thoughts.
B) Wake up each morning and say, "My wife would want me to move on."
C) Join a bereavement support group to share your experiences.
D) Don't be embarrassed to ask your primary care physician for sedatives to help you cope.

Question 54

Sal lost his wife a month ago. He confides in his best friend Artie that he isn't sure he'll ever get over the loss of his wife. Artie wants to help is friend but isn't sure what to do. As an expert in the bereavement process, what would you tell Artie?

A) Try to get Sal to open up about his wife even if he is hesitant.
B) Do not mention Sal's wife, it is best to talk about neutral subjects.
C) Don't minimize the loss and avoid cliches like, "She's in a better place."
D) Take the lead from Sal, if he doesn't call he wants to be alone for awhile.

Question 55

According to Kübler-Ross, what are the five stages of dying?

Question 56

According to the text, what are some things you can do to support a person who is dying?

Question 57

How can you help a child cope with grief?

Question 58

What are the guidelines for arranging a funeral that meets your needs and remains in your budget?

Question 59

Describe a cultural holiday or festival that celebrates and honors deceased ancestors.

Question 60

What are Bowlby's and Jacob's stages of grief for coping with bereavement?

Question 61

What can you do if you are faced with the death of someone who is close to you?