Deck 1: The Profession of Counseling: History and Trends

Question 1

Counseling is a profession that focuses on the developmental, situational problems of persons of all ages.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

People tend to live more productive lives if conflicts are kept to a minimum.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

School counselors need to be skilled in crisis counseling just as are college and community counselors.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Intermittent brief counseling is very appropriate to use in school and college counseling.

Question 5

Because elementary teachers are with the same children throughout the day they have less need to refer students for counseling than do secondary teachers.

Question 6

Community counseling did not develop until fairly recently because mental health workers and funding for mental health focused on mental illness and pathology.

Question 7

Community based mental health services are government funded primarily for seriously emotionally disturbed clients.

Question 8

Employee assistance programs and managed health care programs have recently become prominent in counseling practice.

Question 9

Managed care organizations have welcomed the unique services offered by licensed counselors that are not provided by other mental health professionals.

Question 10

Vocational counseling got its start in the Vocational Guidance Bureau in Boston in the early 1900s.

Question 11

Vocational counseling developed in secondary schools and colleges in the early 1900's.

Question 12

The majority of licensing of counselors is done by major professional counseling associations.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes uniqueness of counseling?

A) It is a relationship.
B) The personal qualities of the counselor and client motivation contribute to client change.
C) It focuses on normal developmental problems of people of all ages.
D) It is used with a school population.

Question 14

What most distinguishes counseling from psychotherapy according to most experts?

A) Severity of the problem.
B) The type of client problem.
C) The person working with the client.
D) The types of techniques used.

Question 15

Which of the following is not a major reason for the increased demand for counseling?

A) Increasing choices and conflicts in everyday living.
B) Increasing social, economic and cultural stresses.
C) Increased funding by state legislatures for community counseling.
D) Increased awareness of dysfunctional families.

Question 16

Which of the following is not true about current counseling practice?

A) Marriage and family counseling are on the rise.
B) More counselors are working in community agencies.
C) More attention is being paid to individual development and less to social development.
D) Counselor's are becoming licensed through state legislation.

Question 17

Vocational counseling got its start in

A) Chicago
B) Minneapolis
C) Philadelphia
D) Boston

Question 18

The originator of vocational counseling was

A) John Brewer
B) Lightner Witmer
C) E. G. Williamson
D) Frank Parsons

Question 19

Williamson's vocational counseling theory was popular in the 1930's because

A) The testing movement was flourishing in psychology and education.
B) He emphasized self actualization of clients.
C) He developed the Strong Vocational Interest Blank.
D) A big demand for career counseling had developed in the colleges.

Question 20

During the 1960s and 1970s which one of the following is not true?

A) ACA set professional standards for school counselors.
B) Managed care became influential.
C) College counseling centers spread throughout the country.
D) The number of counseling theories increased.

Question 21

The first standardized intelligence tests developed were

A) Army Alpha and Beta
B) Army Alpha and Omega
C) Stanford Binet
D) Otis Beta and Gamma

Question 22

In the 1980s increasing numbers of businesses began to offer career counseling to employees who were laid off. This service is called

A) Outplacement counseling
B) Employee assistance programs
C) Rehabilitation counseling
D) Employee enhancement programs

Question 23

During the 1980s substance abuse counseling services increased. Which of the following is not true regarding these services?

A) Counselors attended more closely to the influence of substance abuse on the family.
B) Cooperation between professional counselors and Alcoholics Anonymous decreased.
C) Cooperation between professional counselors and Alcoholics Anonymous increased.
D) Attention to dysfunctions of adult children of alcoholics (ACOA's) increased.