Deck 13: Detection and Confirmation of Hearing Loss in Children

Question 1

Hearing loss is the most common birth defect in the United States.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

The Joint Committee on Infant Hearing (JNIH) recommends that infants diagnosed with hearing loss be enrolled in an early intervention program no later than 6 months.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Nearly 80% of children who have hearing loss have risk factors at birth.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

ABRs can be used to determine how much residual hearing a child has beyond 90 dB nHL.

Question 5

The startle response is fully formed at birth and lasts until about 6 months of age.

Question 6

Cytomegalovirus usually causes serious illness.

Question 7

Nearly 40% of children who have hearing loss have an additional disability.

Question 8

A universally accepted method of screening young children does not exist.

Question 9

Hearing aids have proven beneficial for all children with auditory neuropathy.

Question 10

When parents learn in the newborn nursery that their baby has hearing loss, the stages of grief are lessened as compared to those of parents who learn of a hearing loss later in a young child's life.

Question 11

When do children undergo their most intensive stage of listening speech and language development?

A) first year of life
B) from birth to age 3
C) between ages 3 and 8
D) between ages 8 and 13

Question 12

The National Institutes of Health call for the identification of hearing loss to occur by what age?

A) 1 month
B) 3 months
C) 1 year
D) 3 years

Question 13

What is the ideal false-negative rate of a UNHS program?

A) 0
B) 5% or less
C) 10% or less
D) 15% or less

Question 14

How often should a younger child's hearing be tested after a hearing loss has been identified (assuming no other problems are present and there is no concern about the accuracy of the test results)?

A) once a month
B) once a year
C) twice a year
D) every other year

Question 15

A standard ABR recording contains __________ peaks in the recorded waveform.

A) 3
B) 5
C) 7
D) 10

Question 16

Persons who have hearing loss of __________ dB HL or greater do not produce OAEs.

A) 10 to 15
B) 15 to 25
C) 25 to 30
D) 30 to 40

Question 17

In which hearing test might a child insert a peg into a pegboard each time they hear a tone or speech signal?

A) conditioned play audiometry (CPA)
B) visual reinforcement audiometry (VRA)
C) behavioral/observational audiometry (BOA)
D) otoacoustic emissions testing (OAE)

Question 18

Toxemia is an example of a_____________ factor that may affect a child's hearing status.

A) perinatal
B) postnatal
C) prenatal
D) antenatal

Question 19

Cytomegalovirus is a member of the__________ family of viruses.

A) hepatitis
B) herpes
C) pneumonia
D) HIV

Question 20

What is the most common cause of a conductive component of hearing loss?

A) atresia
B) cholesteatoma
C) common cold
D) otitis media

Question 21

Children who receive a diagnosis of auditory neuropathy will exhibit:

A) good word recognition
B) only mild to moderate hearing loss
C) normal OAEs
D) normal ABRs

Question 22

What are the two pathways on the Pathways through Grief model of grieving?

A) grief and acceptance
B) positive and negative
C) nature and nurture
D) clinical and intuitive

Question 23

A__________approach acknowledges parental expertise, and includes parents and often other family members, such as grandparents and siblings in the design and execution of a child's aural rehabilitation plan.

Question 24

Early Hearing Detection and Intervention (EHDI) involves testing every baby for hearing loss in the___________.

Question 25

Babies who fail the screening test but who turn out to have normal hearing are examples of__________ results.

Question 26

In an ABR, potentials are categorized in terms of their __________, or the time at which they appear following acoustic stimulation.

Question 27

Sounds entering the inner ear from the middle ear are amplified by _____________.

Question 28

In ____________,sometimes referred to as Auditory Behavior Index (ABI), the audiologist presents a sound stimulus and observes the child's behavior.

Question 29

Sensorineural hearing loss may be __________,meaning that the origin is unknown or uncertain, or may stem from nongenetic or genetic causes.

Question 30

One perinatal cause of hearing loss is _________, which may be caused by a prolapse of the umbilical cord and a subsequent blockage of blood to the infant's brain.

Question 31

Match the co-occurring conditions with their syndrome :

-Pinnae malformations, down-slanting eyes, small chin, depressed cheek bones, large mouth, eyelid coloboma, conductive hearing loss related to atresia and ossicular malformation

A) Alport
B) Bjornstad syndrome
C) Crouzon
D) Down
E) Edward
F) Fetal alcohol syndrome
G) Harboyan
H) Latham-Munro
I) Mondini dysplasia
J) Robinson
K) Treacher Collins
L) Usher

Question 32

Match the co-occurring conditions with their syndrome :

-Congenital sensorineural hearing loss and pili torti

A) Alport
B) Bjornstad syndrome
C) Crouzon
D) Down
E) Edward
F) Fetal alcohol syndrome
G) Harboyan
H) Latham-Munro
I) Mondini dysplasia
J) Robinson
K) Treacher Collins
L) Usher

Question 33

Match the co-occurring conditions with their syndrome :

-Congenital anomaly of the osseous and membranous labyrinths, severe loss of hearing and vestibular function

A) Alport
B) Bjornstad syndrome
C) Crouzon
D) Down
E) Edward
F) Fetal alcohol syndrome
G) Harboyan
H) Latham-Munro
I) Mondini dysplasia
J) Robinson
K) Treacher Collins
L) Usher

Question 34

Match the co-occurring conditions with their syndrome :

-Low birth weight, failure to thrive, mental retardation, wide-set eyes, recurrent otitis media, sensorineural hearing loss

A) Alport
B) Bjornstad syndrome
C) Crouzon
D) Down
E) Edward
F) Fetal alcohol syndrome
G) Harboyan
H) Latham-Munro
I) Mondini dysplasia
J) Robinson
K) Treacher Collins
L) Usher

Question 35

Match the co-occurring conditions with their syndrome :

-Nephritis and sensorineural hearing loss

A) Alport
B) Bjornstad syndrome
C) Crouzon
D) Down
E) Edward
F) Fetal alcohol syndrome
G) Harboyan
H) Latham-Munro
I) Mondini dysplasia
J) Robinson
K) Treacher Collins
L) Usher

Question 36

Match the co-occurring conditions with their syndrome :

-Dominant onychodystrophy, coniform teeth, and sensorineural hearing loss

A) Alport
B) Bjornstad syndrome
C) Crouzon
D) Down
E) Edward
F) Fetal alcohol syndrome
G) Harboyan
H) Latham-Munro
I) Mondini dysplasia
J) Robinson
K) Treacher Collins
L) Usher

Question 37

Match the co-occurring conditions with their syndrome :

-Microcephaly, agenesis of bones, congenital heart disease, craniofacial abnormalities, mental retardation, and outer, middle, and inner ear anomalies

A) Alport
B) Bjornstad syndrome
C) Crouzon
D) Down
E) Edward
F) Fetal alcohol syndrome
G) Harboyan
H) Latham-Munro
I) Mondini dysplasia
J) Robinson
K) Treacher Collins
L) Usher

Question 38

Match the co-occurring conditions with their syndrome :

-Congenital sensorineural hearing loss and progressive loss of vision

A) Alport
B) Bjornstad syndrome
C) Crouzon
D) Down
E) Edward
F) Fetal alcohol syndrome
G) Harboyan
H) Latham-Munro
I) Mondini dysplasia
J) Robinson
K) Treacher Collins
L) Usher

Question 39

Match the co-occurring conditions with their syndrome :

-Characterized by progressive sensorineural hearing loss of delayed onset

A) Alport
B) Bjornstad syndrome
C) Crouzon
D) Down
E) Edward
F) Fetal alcohol syndrome
G) Harboyan
H) Latham-Munro
I) Mondini dysplasia
J) Robinson
K) Treacher Collins
L) Usher

Question 40

Match the co-occurring conditions with their syndrome :

-Premature closure of sutures, hypertension, downward displacement of eyeballs, mild to moderate conductive hearing loss

A) Alport
B) Bjornstad syndrome
C) Crouzon
D) Down
E) Edward
F) Fetal alcohol syndrome
G) Harboyan
H) Latham-Munro
I) Mondini dysplasia
J) Robinson
K) Treacher Collins
L) Usher

Question 41

Match the co-occurring conditions with their syndrome :

-Mental retardation, characteristic facial features, often accompanied by chronic otitis media, and associated conductive, mixed, and sensorineural hearing loss

A) Alport
B) Bjornstad syndrome
C) Crouzon
D) Down
E) Edward
F) Fetal alcohol syndrome
G) Harboyan
H) Latham-Munro
I) Mondini dysplasia
J) Robinson
K) Treacher Collins
L) Usher

Question 42

Match the co-occurring conditions with their syndrome :

-Myoclonus epilepsy, ataxia, and sensorineural hearing loss

A) Alport
B) Bjornstad syndrome
C) Crouzon
D) Down
E) Edward
F) Fetal alcohol syndrome
G) Harboyan
H) Latham-Munro
I) Mondini dysplasia
J) Robinson
K) Treacher Collins
L) Usher

Question 43

Match the descriptions with their terms:

-Requires only one parent to have the affected gene in order to pass a trait onto an offspring

A) auditory evoked potential (AEP)
B) otoacoustic emissions (OAEs)
C) conditioned response
D) toxemia
E) microcephaly
F) autosomal dominant condition
G) autosomal recessive condition
H) cholesteatoma
I) auditory neuropathy
J) family systems theory

Question 44

Match the descriptions with their terms:

-A condition where the patient has a pure-tone audiogram that shows any degree of hearing loss, along with normal OAEs

A) auditory evoked potential (AEP)
B) otoacoustic emissions (OAEs)
C) conditioned response
D) toxemia
E) microcephaly
F) autosomal dominant condition
G) autosomal recessive condition
H) cholesteatoma
I) auditory neuropathy
J) family systems theory

Question 45

Match the descriptions with their terms:

-Low-level sound emitted spontaneously by the cochlea on presentation of an auditory stimulus

A) auditory evoked potential (AEP)
B) otoacoustic emissions (OAEs)
C) conditioned response
D) toxemia
E) microcephaly
F) autosomal dominant condition
G) autosomal recessive condition
H) cholesteatoma
I) auditory neuropathy
J) family systems theory

Question 46

Match the descriptions with their terms:

-A tumor-like mass of epithelium cells and cholesterol in the middle ear that may invade the mastoid process and impinge upon the ossicular chain

A) auditory evoked potential (AEP)
B) otoacoustic emissions (OAEs)
C) conditioned response
D) toxemia
E) microcephaly
F) autosomal dominant condition
G) autosomal recessive condition
H) cholesteatoma
I) auditory neuropathy
J) family systems theory

Question 47

Match the descriptions with their terms:

-A new or modified response to a previously neutral stimulus

A) auditory evoked potential (AEP)
B) otoacoustic emissions (OAEs)
C) conditioned response
D) toxemia
E) microcephaly
F) autosomal dominant condition
G) autosomal recessive condition
H) cholesteatoma
I) auditory neuropathy
J) family systems theory

Question 48

Match the descriptions with their terms:

-A condition during pregnancy that is characterized by hypertension and edema

A) auditory evoked potential (AEP)
B) otoacoustic emissions (OAEs)
C) conditioned response
D) toxemia
E) microcephaly
F) autosomal dominant condition
G) autosomal recessive condition
H) cholesteatoma
I) auditory neuropathy
J) family systems theory

Question 49

Match the descriptions with their terms:

-Requires both parents to have the affected gene in order to pass a trait onto an offspring

A) auditory evoked potential (AEP)
B) otoacoustic emissions (OAEs)
C) conditioned response
D) toxemia
E) microcephaly
F) autosomal dominant condition
G) autosomal recessive condition
H) cholesteatoma
I) auditory neuropathy
J) family systems theory

Question 50

Match the descriptions with their terms:

-An electrophysiological response to sound, distinguished by latency

A) auditory evoked potential (AEP)
B) otoacoustic emissions (OAEs)
C) conditioned response
D) toxemia
E) microcephaly
F) autosomal dominant condition
G) autosomal recessive condition
H) cholesteatoma
I) auditory neuropathy
J) family systems theory

Question 51

Match the descriptions with their terms:

-An abnormally small head due to a failure of the brain to grow

A) auditory evoked potential (AEP)
B) otoacoustic emissions (OAEs)
C) conditioned response
D) toxemia
E) microcephaly
F) autosomal dominant condition
G) autosomal recessive condition
H) cholesteatoma
I) auditory neuropathy
J) family systems theory

Question 52

Match the descriptions with their terms:

-Describes how members of a family are interconnected, and how their patterns of communication and interaction affect one another

A) auditory evoked potential (AEP)
B) otoacoustic emissions (OAEs)
C) conditioned response
D) toxemia
E) microcephaly
F) autosomal dominant condition
G) autosomal recessive condition
H) cholesteatoma
I) auditory neuropathy
J) family systems theory

Question 53

List five of the conditions that may co-occur with hearing loss.

Question 54

List the four things the audiologist should do when confirming a child's hearing loss, and the four things the parent should leave with.

Question 55

Why is early intervention vital to the acquisition of communication skills for a child with hearing loss?

Question 56

When taking a family­centered approach, the audiologist proceeds with what three assumptions about the child's family?

Question 57

What two events commonly trigger a parent or caregiver to bring a baby or young child for an audiological evaluation?

Question 58

What are the two common reasons for false-positive results in infant screening?

Question 59

What two methods are used for screening newborns?

Question 60

List five risk factors associated with hearing loss in babies.

Question 61

List five guidelines for breaking bad news to parents.

Question 62

What are the three shortcomings of BOA?

Question 63

What four general methods are used to distinguish genetic hearing loss from nongenetic hearing loss?

Question 64

What are the six ways in which hereditary hearing losses are classified?

Question 65

List three causes of a central auditory processing disorder (CAPD).

Question 66

Tinnitus may be hard to detect in children for what two reasons?

Question 67

List the six stages of grief that parents may pass through after learning about their baby's hearing loss.

Question 68

List three of the ways that Kozak and Brooks suggest for parents to deal with their feelings following a child's diagnosis of hearing loss.