Deck 13: Exploring Individual Differences and Team Dynamics

Question 1

Personality is an enduring, organized, and distinctive pattern of behavior that describes an individual's adaptation to a situation.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Personality characteristics suggest tendencies to behave in certain ways and account for consistency in various situations.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Personality can be defined as the way people experience, process, define, and interpret the world around them.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Individuals with low self-esteem take more risks in job selection.

Question 5

A person's locus of control is a judgment of worthiness that is expressed by the attitudes the individual holds toward him or herself.

Question 6

Self-esteem indicates the extent to which people believe they are capable, significant, and worthwhile.

Question 7

Individuals with low self-esteem tend to be more easily influenced by the opinions of others in organizational settings.

Question 8

Locus of control is a personality characteristic that describes the extent to which individuals believe that they can control the environment and external events affecting them.

Question 9

Individuals who have an external locus of control believe that many of the events in their lives are primarily the result of their own behavior and actions.

Question 10

Individuals with an external locus of control tend to be more proactive and take more risks than individuals with an internal locus of control.

Question 11

An individual with an external locus of control believes that much of what happens to him/her is a result of fate or luck.

Question 12

An internal locus of control is an important personality characteristic of an entrepreneur.

Question 13

Self-monitoring identifies the degree to which individuals are capable of reading and using cues from their environment to determine their behavior.

Question 14

Individuals who are low in self-monitoring emerge as leaders more frequently and learn managerial skills more easily than people who are high in self-monitoring.

Question 15

A type B personality is characterized by impatience, a desire for achievement, aggressiveness, irritability, and perfectionism.

Question 16

A type A personality is characterized as easygoing, relaxed, and patient.

Question 17

Type A or Type B behaviors can be positive or negative depending on the situation.

Question 18

Resiliency is the ability to absorb high levels of disruptive change while displaying minimal dysfunctional behavior.

Question 19

An introverted person would tend to have a wider social network than would an extroverted person.

Question 20

Thinking people, as measured by Myers-Briggs, tend to rely on feelings rather than on analysis and logic.

Question 21

The perceiving/judging dimension of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator measures the source from which people draw energy.

Question 22

Perceiving people, as measured by Myers-Briggs, tend to see all sides of a situation and to welcome new perspectives.

Question 23

As measured by the "Big Five, conscientiousness is defined as the degree to which one is assertive and sociable.

Question 24

According to research related to the "Big Five, people who are high in extraversion should do well in occupations such as being a salesperson.

Question 25

According to the RIASEC Vocational Interest Typology, people who are artistic prefer jobs that require thinking, understanding, and organizing.

Question 26

People who are investigative according to the RIASEC Vocational Interest Typology prefer activities that include thinking, understanding, and organizing.

Question 27

The RIASEC typology suggests that if the individual's personality matches his/her career type; s/he will be less likely to leave that career or job.

Question 28

Perceptions are relatively lasting beliefs, feelings, and behavioral tendencies held by a person about specific objects, events, or persons.

Question 29

Perceptions are influenced by a variety of factors including an individual's experiences, needs, personality, and education.

Question 30

The perceptual process is filled with many possibilities for misunderstandings or errors in judgment.

Question 31

Stereotyping is a generalization or the tendency to assign attributes to someone, not on the basis of individual characteristics, but on the basis of a category or group to which that person belongs.

Question 32

The process by which a person evaluates and forms an overall opinion of another person based solely on one specific trait or dimension, is referred to as halo and horn effect.

Question 33

Selective perception is a generalization or the tendency to assign attributes to someone, based not on individual characteristics, but on the basis of a category or group to which that person belongs.

Question 34

Abilities may be classified as mental, mechanical, and psychomotor.

Question 35

Mental or intellectual ability refers to the capacity to comprehend relationships between objects and to perceive how parts fit together.

Question 36

Psychomotor ability includes such things as manual dexterity, eye-hand coordination, and manipulative ability.

Question 37

Attitudes are relatively long lasting beliefs, feelings, and behavioral tendencies held by a person about specific objects, events, or persons.

Question 38

Attitudes result from a person's background, personality, and life experiences.

Question 39

Cognitive dissonance means that a person's thoughts and behavior are in agreement with each other.

Question 40

The Job Descriptive Index evaluates the following specific characteristics of a person's job: the work itself, pay, relationship with co-workers, the desirability of the geographic location, and promotional opportunities.

Question 41

A scale such as the Job Descriptive Index helps managers pinpoint sources of dissatisfaction among employees.

Question 42

The four critical requirements of a group include: interdependent relationship, interaction, common purpose, and mutual influence.

Question 43

It is not enough for a group of people to think of themselves as a team; other people must also recognize them as a team, as separate from the larger social system.

Question 44

Informal groups are not formed or planned by organizational members. Rather, they are self-created and evolve outside of the formal organization for a variety of reasons.

Question 45

Team composition is the list of people who compose the team.

Question 46

Task-oriented roles include behaviors that cultivate the well-being, continuity, and development of the group.

Question 47

Roles are relatively lasting beliefs, feelings, and behavioral tendencies held by a person about specific objects, events, groups, issues, or people.

Question 48

Relationship-oriented roles focus on behaviors directly related to establishing and accomplishing the goals of the group or achieving the desired outcomes.

Question 49

Members of a team that pursue a self-oriented role often have a negative influence on the team.

Question 50

Team composition is the mixture of individual inputs and skills included in the team.

Question 51

As a group grows beyond several members, it becomes much easier for all members to participate effectively.

Question 52

A group is considered to be homogeneous when it is composed of individuals having similar group-related characteristics, backgrounds, interests, values, attitudes, and the like.

Question 53

A heterogeneous group is composed of individuals having similar group related characteristics.

Question 54

As a group grows larger communication and coordination among members becomes more difficult.

Question 55

In the storming stage of group development, members focus their efforts on seeking basic information, defining goals, developing procedures for performing the task, and making a preliminary evaluation of how the group might interact to accomplish goals.

Question 56

The norming stage of group development is the "get acquainted stage.

Question 57

The organization designs the norms for each of its teams.

Question 58

A highly cohesive group always outperforms a group with low cohesion.

Question 59

Groupthink is one of the disadvantages of a highly cohesive team.

Question 60

The enduring, organized, and distinctive pattern of behavior that characterizes people's adaptation to a situation is called

A) attitudes.
B) personality.
C) perceptions.
D) abilities.
E) traits.

Question 61

Which of the following is not a personality characteristic?

A) self-esteem
B) locus of control
C) type A versus type B orientation
D) self-monitoring
E) ability as salesperson

Question 62

In thinking about the people in his company who might be best suited for a particular assignment, Jim often takes into account __________, which is the overall profile or combination of traits that characterize the unique nature of each employee.

A) locus of control
B) attitude about fast food restaurants
C) personality
D) Type A vs. Type B orientation
E) perception

Question 63

The extent to which people believe they are capable, significant, successful, and worthwhile is referred to as

A) self-esteem.
B) dogmatism.
C) authoritarianism.
D) Machiavellianism.
E) type A orientation.

Question 64

A person's __________ is a judgment of worthiness that is expressed by the attitudes the individual holds toward him or herself.

A) type B orientation
B) dogmatism
C) authoritarianism
D) Machiavellianism
E) self-esteem

Question 65

At her place of employment, Julie Richards believes she is capable, significant, successful and worthwhile. This personality trait would be considered one of

A) Machiavellianism.
B) locus of control.
C) authoritarianism/dogmatism.
D) self-esteem.
E) type A/type B

Question 66

The personality trait that describes the extent to which individuals believe they can control the environment and external events affecting them is called

A) Machiavellianism.
B) locus of control.
C) authoritarianism/dogmatism.
D) self-esteem.
E) type B personality

Question 67

Gene Thomas is the sales manager of Rocky Mountain Auto. One personality characteristic that has a positive relationship to performance of salespeople he hires is a belief that they can control events affecting them. This personality characteristic is

A) self-esteem.
B) type B personality.
C) level of Machiavellian personality.
D) locus of control.
E) degree of self-monitoring.

Question 68

Tim Durham, a production manager at All Wool Products, believes that the majority of the events in his life are the result of his own behavior and actions. Tim has a/an __________ locus of control.

A) external
B) indeterminate
C) neutral
D) surface
E) internal

Question 69

People with a/an __________ locus of control feel a sense of control over their lives and tend to attribute both their successes and their failures to their own efforts.

A) external
B) internal
C) surface
D) indeterminate
E) neutral

Question 70

Jason Smith, a mechanic for John Deere, believes that much of what happens to him is controlled and determined by outside external forces. Jason has a/an __________ locus of control

A) external
B) outward
C) neutral
D) inward
E) internal

Question 71

A person who has an external locus of control is not successful on a task. This person would probably

A) say "I was lucky."
B) say "I don't think anyone else could have done it either."
C) be self-monitoring.
D) have very high self-esteem.
E) say "I just didn't make it. I am responsible."

Question 72

Raymond Maumus believes that much of what happens to him at work is determined by his powerful superiors or just plain bad luck. One would describe Raymond as having

A) an internal locus of control.
B) high self-esteem.
C) a type A personality.
D) a type B personality.
E) an external locus of control.

Question 73

Sue is very good at managing others' perception of herself, and it very skilled in social situations.

A) Sue is a low self-monitor.
B) Sue has a high external locus of control.
C) Sue is a high self-monitor.
D) Sue is high in thinking.
E) Sue is high in conscientiousness.

Question 74

The degree to which individuals are capable of reading and using cues from their environment to determine behavior is called

A) intuition.
B) conscientiousness.
C) Type A personality.
D) self-monitoring.
E) self-esteem.

Question 75

A/an __________ is characterized by a sense of commitment, setting high standards and goals, a devotion to work, and a concern of time urgency.

A) low authoritarian personality
B) type A personality
C) external locus of control
D) low self-esteem orientation personality
E) type B personality

Question 76

The people who know Wes Zimmerman, a production engineer at Quality Foods, describe him as impatient, aggressive, and sometimes, irritable. Based on this information, we can conclude that Wes has a/an

A) Machiavellian personality.
B) external locus of control.
C) type A orientation.
D) type B orientation
E) external locus of control

Question 77

The people who know Betty Jensen, a manager at Westlake Drug, describe her as easygoing, relaxed, and patient. Based on this information, we can conclude that Betty has a/an

A) Machiavellian personality.
B) external locus of control
C) type A orientation.
D) type B orientation
E) external locus of control.

Question 78

__________ is the ability to absorb high levels of disruptive change while displaying minimal dysfunctional behavior.

A) Perceptual-monitoring
B) Resiliency
C) Awareness potential
D) Perceptual screening
E) Self-monitoring

Question 79

Doris List is a mid-level manager at Kmart. She has always been good at dealing with highly stressful situations of uncertainty. Doris has a strong personality characteristic referred to as

A) introversion.
B) resiliency.
C) low self-esteem.
D) type K orientation.
E) type B orientation.

Question 80

Certain athletes seem to be able to thrive in times of challenge and adversity, while others crack under the pressure of such situations. Those who succeed are said to exemplify which personality characteristic?

A) self-monitoring
B) resiliency
C) self-esteem
D) type A orientation
E) type B orientation