Deck 15: Intravenous Calculations

Question 1

Fluids given to maintain a patent vascular access are called

A) replacement fluids.
B) KVO fluids.
C) therapeutic fluids.
D) maintenance fluids.

Answer 1

KVO fluids.

Question 2

Zinacef 750 mg IV q 8h is ordered. This would be what type of intravenous infusion?

A) replacement
B) KVO
C) therapeutic
D) maintenance

Answer 2

therapeutic

Question 3

Lactated Ringer's solution does not affect the fluid balance of surrounding cells and tissues; therefore, it is classified as a(n) _____ solution.

A) hypertonic
B) isotonic
C) hypotonic
D) therapeutic

Answer 3

isotonic

Question 4

Conditions such as dehydration would warrant the infusion of which type of solution?

A) hypertonic
B) isotonic
C) hypotonic
D) therapeutic

Question 5

When mixing additives to an IV solution, checking for compatibility is essential because incompatibility of additives

A) is more expensive.
B) may compromise the patient's health status.
C) requires additional base solution.
D) requires less base solution.

Question 6

Pain and swelling near an IV site may indicate an

A) incompatibility of additives.
B) incorrect flow rate.
C) improper base fluid.
D) infiltration or phlebitis.

Question 7

Microdrip tubing has a drop factor of

A) 60 gtt/mL.
B) 20 gtt/mL.
C) 15 gtt/mL.
D) 10 gtt/mL.

Question 8

Patients not requiring continuous intravenous infusions may have a(n)

A) piggyback.
B) intermittent peripheral infusion device.
C) secondary line.
D) primary line.

Question 9

Hypertonic solutions are generally given to patients

A) with dehydration.
B) with normal electrolyte levels.
C) who are healthy, but having diagnostic tests.
D) with low electrolyte levels.

Question 10

Which of the following is not a drop factor for macrodrip tubing?

A) 60 gtt/mL
B) 20 gtt/mL
C) 15 gtt/mL
D) 10 gtt/mL

Question 11

Which one of the following devices relies on gravity to infuse the solution?

A) syringe pump
B) infusion pump
C) rate controller
D) PCA device

Question 12

A(n) _____ is usually used to deliver a medication that must be administered within 30 minutes, although longer time periods are possible.

A) rate controller
B) syringe pump
C) PCA pump
D) infusion pump

Question 13

Which of the following is not a sign of infiltration?

A) redness
B) pain
C) swelling
D) coolness

Question 14

Flow rate in milliliters per hour can be calculated using the formula

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 15

Which of the following formulas is used to determine the flow rate in drops per minute?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 16

To adjust a flow rate, you will need to recalculate the infusion using

A) the remaining volume and original time.
B) the original volume and remaining time.
C) the original volume and time.
D) the remaining volume and time.

Question 17

The formula for recalculating an infusion requiring adjustment is

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 18

You can use the formula _____ to calculate infusion time in hours.

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 19

Which formula can be used to calculate infusion volume?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 20

Flow rates are generally not adjusted more than

A) 25 gtt over or under the original flow rate.
B) 25% of the original flow rate.
C) 50% or the original flow rate.
D) 5 gtt over or under the original flow rate.

Question 21

Patients with normal electrolyte levels are likely to receive which type of solution?

A) isotonic
B) hypotonic
C) hypertonic
D) therapeutic

Question 22

A patient with elevated electrolyte levels is likely to receive _____ solutions.

A) isotonic
B) hypotonic
C) hypertonic
D) therapeutic

Question 23

A patient with low electrolyte levels is likely to receive _____ solutions.

A) isotonic
B) hypotonic
C) hypertonic
D) therapeutic

Question 24

Medications and compatible fluids can be added to a primary IV line using the

A) roller clamp.
B) drip chamber.
C) slide clamp.
D) injection port.

Question 25

The difference between macrodrip and microdrip tubing is the

A) length of the tubing.
B) size of the drop entering the drip chamber.
C) diameter of the tubing.
D) type of drip chamber used.

Question 26

Which type of IV line is inserted into an arm vein and threaded into a central vein?

A) central line
B) Port-a-Cath
C) PICC
D) peripheral line

Question 27

A device that is surgically placed under the skin and accessed through the skin to administer IV medication intermittently is a

A) central line.
B) Port-A-Cath.
C) PICC.
D) peripheral line.

Question 28

A hospitalized patient is to receive medication through an existing saline lock. The medication technician prepares the medication, then attempts to flush the saline lock before administering the medication. However, when he presses the plunger on the flushing syringe, he feels significant resistance to the flow of saline through the lock. What should the medication technician do?

A) Increase the pressure on the plunger to force the saline through the lock, clearing any blood clots.
B) Attempt to flush the lock with heparin instead, in order to dissolve any blood clots.
C) Stop the procedure immediately to avoid forcing a blood clot into the bloodstream.
D) Pull back on the plunger in an attempt to pull any blood clot out of the lock into the syringe.

Question 29

A patient is to be sent home from the hospital with a heparin lock. Which of the following instructions should be included in the patient teaching?

A) Avoid getting the injection site wet.
B) Do not exercise while the lock is in place.
C) Flush the lock only before and after administering medication.
D) If redness and swelling appear at the site, remove the heparin lock.

Question 30

Calculate the flow rate to be administered by an infusion pump: _______________. (Round to the nearest whole number)
Ordered: 1,000 mL NS over 6 h

Question 31

Calculate the flow rate to be administered by an infusion pump: _______________. (Round to the nearest whole number)
Ordered: 400 mL D5W over h

Question 32

Calculate the flow rate to be administered by an infusion pump: _______________. (Round to the nearest whole number)
Ordered: 475 mL LR over 2 h

Question 33

Calculate the flow rate to be administered by an infusion pump: _______________.
Ordered: 250 mg ampicillin in 50 mL NS to infuse over 20 min

Question 34

Calculate the flow rate to be administered by an infusion pump: ____________.
Ordered: 500 mg Claforan in 100 mL NS to infuse over 30 min

Question 35

Calculate the flow rate to be administered by an infusion pump: _______________.
Ordered: 50 mL D5W with 250 mg ampicillin to infuse over 30 min

Question 36

Calculate the flow rate to be administered by an infusion pump: _______________.
Ordered: 300 mL D5W over 5 h

Question 37

Calculate the flow rate to be administered by an infusion pump: _______________.
Ordered: 100 mL D5W with 500 mg Claforan to infuse over 1 h

Question 38

Find the flow rate in gtt/min: _______________.
Ordered: 1,800 mL RL q24h using tubing calibrated to 10 gtt/mL

Question 39

Find the flow rate for manual regulation: _______________. (Round to the nearest whole number)
Ordered: 1,800 mL RL q12h using tubing calibrated to 15 gtt/mL

Question 40

Find the flow rate for manual regulation: _______________. (Round to the nearest whole number)
Ordered: 150 mL NS to infuse over 3 h using tubing calibrated to 10 gtt/mL

Question 41

Find the flow rate for manual regulation: _______________. (Round to the nearest whole number)
Ordered: 200 mL NS to infuse over 3 h using tubing calibrated to 10 gtt/mL

Question 42

Find the flow rate for manual regulation: _______________. (Round to the nearest whole number)
Ordered: 500 mL D5W to infuse over 5 h using tubing calibrated to 20 gtt/mL

Question 43

Find the flow rate for manual regulation: _______________.
Ordered: 220 mL D5LR to infuse over 4 h using tubing calibrated to 60 gtt/mL

Question 44

Find the flow rate for manual regulation: _______________.
Ordered: 50 mL D5 0.45 NS to infuse over 60 min using tubing calibrated to 60 gtt/mL

Question 45

Find the flow rate for manual regulation: _______________. (Round to the nearest whole number)
Ordered: 1,400 mL NS to infuse over 10 h using tubing calibrated to 10 gtt/mL

Question 46

Find the flow rate for manual regulation: _______________. (Round to the nearest whole number)
Ordered: Cytoxan 2 g in 100 mL D5W over 75 min using tubing calibrated to 20 gtt/mL

Question 47

Find the flow rate for manual regulation: _______________. (Round to the nearest whole number)
Ordered: Claforan 2 g in 100 mL NS over 80 min using tubing calibrated to 15 gtt/mL

Question 48

Ordered: 500 mL LR over 5 h using tubing calibrated to 10 gtt/mL; after 1 h, 300 mL remains in the bag. Calculate the adjusted flow rate for manual regulation: _______________. (Round to the nearest whole number)

Question 49

Ordered: 1,000 mL D5W over 8 h using tubing calibrated to 15 gtt/mL after 2 h, 150 mL has infused. Calculate the adjusted flow rate for manual regulation: _______________. (Round to the nearest whole number)

Question 50

Find the total time to infuse: _______________.
Ordered: 500 mL D10W at 20 gtt/min using 20 gtt/mL tubing

Question 51

Find the total time to infuse: _______________.
Ordered: 1,000 mL NS @ 50 mL/h using an infusion pump

Question 52

Find the total time to infuse: _______________.
Ordered: 100 mL D5W @ 20 mL/h using an infusion pump

Question 53

Find the total time to infuse: _______________.
Ordered: 1,500 mL D5W @ 10 gtt/min using 10 gtt/mL tubing

Question 54

Find the total time to infuse: _______________.
Ordered: 200 mL D5W @ 75 gtt/min using 60 gtt/mL tubing

Question 55

Find the total time to infuse: _______________.
Ordered: 150 mL @ 15 gtt/min using 10 gtt/mL tubing

Question 56

Find the total volume to administer: _______________.
Ordered: NS @ 21 gtt/min over 8 h via 10 gtt/mL tubing

Question 57

Find the total volume to administer: _______________.
Ordered: D5W @ 20 gtt/min over 6 h via 60 gtt/mL tubing

Question 58

Find the total volume to administer: _______________.
Ordered: LR @ 34 gtt/min over 10 h via 15 gtt/mL tubing

Question 59

Find the total volume to administer: _______________.
Ordered: NS @ 75 mL/h over 6 h via infusion pump

Question 60

Find the total volume to administer: _______________.
Ordered: 0.45% NS @ 125 mL/h over 16 h via infusion pump

Question 61

Find the total volume to administer: _______________.
Ordered: 1/2 NS @ 80 mL/h over 12 h via infusion pump

Question 62

Find the total volume to administer: _______________.
Ordered: D5W @ 42 gtt/min over 16 h via 20 gtt/mL tubing

Question 63

Calculate the flow rate: _______________. (Round to the nearest whole number)
Ordered: Rocephin 200 mg in 100 mL D5W to infuse via pump over 45 min

Question 64

Fluids used to deliver medication to a patient are called _______________ fluids.

Question 65

Fluids that deliver electrolytes and fluids to replace losses due to hemorrhage, vomiting, or diarrhea are _______________fluids.

Question 66

IV solutions are classified as isotonic, hypotonic, or hypertonic, depending on their ____________.

Question 67

Rate controllers rely on _______________ to infuse IV solutions.

Question 68

Because infusion pumps rely on pressure to infuse fluids, you must monitor the infusion site regularly for signs of _______________.

Question 69

The type of IV line used to provide access to major veins and deliver large amounts of fluids is a(n) _______________ line.

Question 70

Calculate the flow rate: _______________. (Round to the nearest whole number)
Ordered: Leucovorin 175 mg in 250 mL D5W over 120 minutes using tubing calibrated to 15 gtt/mL

Question 71

Before and after administering intermittent IV infusions through a saline or heparin lock, the lock should be irrigated or _______________.

Question 72

A patient is hospitalized for treatment of community-associated pneumonia. The physician orders 500 mg azithromycin in 250 mL D5W over 90 minutes. The hospital pharmacy has prepared a 250 mL bag of D5W with an azithromycin concentration of 2 mg/mL. Calculate the manual flow rate with 20 gtt/mL tubing: _______________. (Round to the nearest whole number)

Question 73

A 72-year-old woman recently had gallbladder surgery and is now back in her home environment. The visiting nurse who came to check on her incision notices that the incision appears red and irritated, and pus is forming in pockets around the edges. The patient is transported back to the hospital and admitted with a diagnosis of healthcare-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The physician orders 1 g Vancomycin in 200 mL over 75 minutes. The Vancomycin is available as an isotonic, premixed solution of 1 g/200 mL. Calculate the manual flow rate with 15 gtt/mL tubing: _______________.

Question 74

Fluids that are prescribed at a very slow rate to maintain open venous access are called KVO (keep vein open) fluids; another name for these fluids is _______________ fluids.

Question 75

Calculate the flow rate: _______________. (Round to the nearest whole number)
Ordered: cefazolin 500 mg in 50 mL D5W over 20 minutes using 15 gtt/mL tubing