Deck 7: Socioemotional Development in Middle Childhood

Question 1

At a typical elementary school playground, one is likely to see

A) boys and girls playing together.
B) boys engaged in rough-and-tumble play.
C) girls occupying most of the space.
D) boys standing on the side and talking.

Answer 1

boys engaged in rough-and-tumble play.

Question 2

Approximately what percentage of 8-year-olds engages in physical aggression?

A) 12
B) 20
C) 47
D) 70

Answer 2

12

Question 3

When Joey came back into the classroom, he saw Pete sitting at his desk, wearing his baseball cap, and imitating his voice with a high whine. His first thought was to punch him, but then he calmed himself down and went over to Pete's desk, sat down, and started leafing through a book. Joey used which of the following strategies to cope with conflict:

A) Emotional self-regulation
B) Delaying a response
C) Negotiation
D) Reading of social cues

Answer 3

Emotional self-regulation

Question 4

Behavior designed to damage someone's friendships with other people constitutes what type of aggression?

A) Relational
B) Social
C) Verbal
D) Physical

Question 5

At age 2, the most common form of aggression is

A) physical.
B) relational.
C) social.
D) verbal.

Question 6

Jesse displayed a hostile attribution bias when he

A) bumped into Reggie just because he felt like starting a fight.
B) hit Arthur because he knew he could get away with it without getting hit back.
C) shoved Caroline when she said something mean about his sister.
D) punched Alex because he thought he was laughing at him when he wasn't.

Question 7

Which of the following is true about relational aggression in middle childhood?

A) It is more traumatic for girls who are victims than for boys.
B) It is only used by girls.
C) It is used equally often by boys and girls.
D) Its use declines as children grow.

Question 8

After the divorce, Charlie received full custody and was now raising his three young daughters all by himself. In what percentage of single-parent households does a father do the upbringing without a cohabiting partner?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 5
D) 10

Question 9

Which of the following is characteristic of two-parent households?

A) The mothers report more depression and anxiety than mothers in single-parent households.
B) The mothers are more likely to have a permissive disciplinary style than an authoritative one.
C) The parents tend to be better educated than parents in single-parent households.
D) The families move more often than the families in single-parent households.

Question 10

After the divorce, Emily worried about her children's emotional reactions. A psychologist friend reassured her, "It's perfectly normal for a 7-year-old to express ______________and for a 10-year-old to express_____________."

A) anger; fear
B) fear; grief
C) grief; anger
D) anger; grief

Question 11

After the divorce, Mel moved across the country and never saw his son or daughter again. How common is it for fathers to abandon their children?

A) Not common at all. Almost 95 percent of divorced fathers continue to play a major role in their children's lives.
B) Somewhat common. About 14 percent of divorced fathers abandon their children.
C) Common. About one-third of divorced fathers abandon their children.
D) Very common. More than half of divorced fathers abandon their children.

Question 12

Which of the following exemplifies homophily?

A) Boys in middle childhood consider girls "the enemy" and vice versa.
B) Children in middle childhood tend to choose friends who are like them in many ways.
C) Girls tend to get along better with their fathers than with their mothers in middle childhood.
D) Some children in middle childhood enjoy spending time with children of the opposite sex.

Question 13

Sandra was liked by some girls in the class but disliked by others. She was not assertive or aggressive, but she spoke up in class and interacted with some of her peers. And although she was not one of the top students, she was not lagging far behind, either. A sociometric nomination would likely find Sandra's peer group status to be

A) average.
B) controversial.
C) neglected.
D) popular.

Question 14

All the girls in the clique applauded Marina when she showed them the makeup she shoplifted at the local pharmaceutical store. When she told them how easy it was to slip a lipstick into her backpack, they were all eager to go there and try for themselves. This is a clear example of

A) deviance training.
B) expressivity.
C) homophily.
D) hedonistic reasoning.

Question 15

Describe how a child in middle childhood might feel about cheating in terms of preconventional, conventional, and postconventional moral reasoning.

Question 16

Describe the different forms aggression takes in middle childhood and the various strategies and skills that children at that age can now use to cope with conflict.

Question 17

Discuss the effects on middle school children of participating in out-of-school organized activities.
Explain the reasons researchers cite for such outcomes.