Deck 6: Mental Health and Mental Health Disorders

Question 1

Dr. Elton is assessing whether her patient's behaviour reflects a mental disorder. What three factors will Dr. Elton consider?

A) difference, disruption, and distress
B) disruption, distress, and development
C) distress, development, and difference
D) development, difference, and disruption

Answer 1

difference, disruption, and distress

Question 2

Which of the following is thought to be MORE prevalent in older adults?

A) schizophrenia
B) sub-syndromal depressive symptoms
C) major depressive disorder
D) substance use disorder

Answer 2

sub-syndromal depressive symptoms

Question 3

Sam is 44 years old and his father Abe is 74 years old. Assuming Sam and Abe are typical for their age groups, what is Abe likely to experience and use in comparison to Sam?

A) less stress and emotion-focused coping
B) more stress and emotion-focused coping
C) less stress and problem-focused coping
D) more stress and problem-focused coping

Answer 3

less stress and emotion-focused coping

Question 4

In what age group do people around the world have the HIGHEST suicide rate?

A) 15 to 29
B) 30 to 49
C) 50 to 69
D) 70 years and older

Question 5

John is 77 years old. According to the American Geriatric Society, what is the MAXIMUM number of standard drinks that John should drink each week?

A) 3
B) 7
C) 11
D) 15

Question 6

Dr. Hassan compared ratings of anxiety among 44-year-olds and 74-year-olds and found significantly lower ratings of anxiety in the older group. What is a likely cause for this finding?

A) the low prevalence rates of GAD among older adults compared to younger adults
B) the side effects of medications
C) the high prevalence rate of depression among older people with GAD
D) the tendency of older adults to attribute feelings of anxiety to normal aging

Question 7

All of the following are priorities to the developers of the ICD system EXCEPT which one?

A) using simple language.
B) a priority toward primary care in low- and middle-income countries
C) ease of use
D) a priority toward secondary care in high-income countries

Question 8

Late-onset alcohol-use disorder occurs when alcohol abuse begins after what age?

A) 50
B) 60
C) 70
D) 80

Question 9

How common is generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) among older adults in comparison to among younger adults?

A) half as common
B) twice as common
C) three times as common
D) four times as common

Question 10

Late-onset alcohol-use disorder is MOST commonly associated with which of the following?

A) women
B) men
C) alcohol-related medical impairments
D) alcohol-related cognitive impairments

Question 11

Which of the following disorders is expected to INCREASE in prevalence between 2011 and 2041?

A) anxiety and mood disorders
B) schizophrenia
C) substance use disorder (SUD)
D) dementia

Question 12

Which of the following is the MOST widely used assessment measure for older adults?

A) the Beck Depression Inventory
B) the Geriatric Depression Scale
C) the clinical interview
D) performance-based assessment

Question 13

What is the medication treatment of choice for older adults with anxiety disorders?

A) SSRIs
B) SNRIs
C) MAOIs
D) benzodiazepines

Question 14

According to large-scale research studies cited in the text, which group has the LOWEST prevalence of depression when they are living in a community setting?

A) 60-year-old men
B) 60-year-old women
C) 80-year-old men
D) 80-year-old women

Question 15

Dr. Velasquez is assessing Elliott for depression. In addition to low mood, what must Elliott exhibit in order for a diagnosis of depression to be made?

A) feelings of guilt
B) loss of interest
C) feelings of helplessness
D) lack of motivation

Question 16

Darren is 47 years old. Like other men his age, what does Darren tend to worry about?

A) health issues
B) work-related issues
C) world issues
D) family issues

Question 17

Which of the following does the text cite as a criticism of the World Health Organization's definition of mental health?

A) it is possible for people with mental disorders to have good mental health and being unhappy is a normal aspect of life
B) being unhappy is a normal aspect of life and being productive is not possible for some people with disabilities
C) being productive is not possible for some people with disabilities and being unable to cope is a normal part of life
D) being unable to cope is a normal part of life and it is possible for people with mental disorders to have good mental health

Question 18

Which of the following is the MOST common mental disorder?

A) depression
B) anxiety
C) schizophrenia
D) Alzheimer's disease

Question 19

Isabel is looking for a safe and cost-effective treatment for depression for the seniors who visit her community centre. Which of the following approaches should Isabel consider?

A) pharmacotherapy
B) group therapy
C) individual psychotherapy
D) problem-solving therapy

Question 20

Alita is 79 years old and has been identified as a candidate for home care. What will MOST likely be used to assess Alita's need for help with instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) and activities of daily living (ADLs)?

A) a performance-based assessment
B) a clinical interview
C) a physical examination
D) the Geriatric Depression Scale

Question 21

Which of the following is MOST important to the success of an alcohol abuse treatment plan for an older adult?

A) cognitive-behavioural therapy is used
B) the treatment is age-appropriate
C) the treatment is gender-specific
D) a 12-step program is used

Question 22

Gloria is 65 years old and lives in unhealthy conditions with her 58 cats. When the Humane Society knocks on her door she pretends she is not home because she doesn't want her cats taken away. Gloria believes that her cats need her, despite the fact that many of the cats have diseases and fleas. At night Gloria searches her neighbourhood for stray cats. Gloria would MOST likely be classified as which of the following?

A) overwhelmed caregiver
B) rescuer
C) exploiter
D) delusional hoarder

Question 23

Arthur is 65 years old and has had schizophrenia for 40 years. He currently takes antipsychotic medications to control his symptoms, which put him at increased risk for which of the following?

A) diabetes
B) cancer
C) lung disease
D) arthritis

Question 24

Pat was brought into the ER when a neighbour found her wandering the streets apparently delusional. Which of the following must doctors rule out before making a diagnosis of primary psychosis?

A) dementia
B) depression
C) delirium
D) delusional disorder

Question 25

Which psychological movement encourages people to use their personal strengths to deal with psychological difficulties?

A) humanistic psychology
B) positive psychology
C) parapsychology
D) cognitive psychology

Question 26

Which of the following could have caused Ahmed's primary psychosis?

A) delirium
B) drugs, alcohol, or toxins
C) disease
D) dementia

Question 27

Helen, who is 76 years old, is experiencing depressive symptoms and has finally decided to seek help. From whom is Helen most likely to seek treatment for depression?

A) a counsellor
B) a psychologist
C) a social worker
D) a family doctor

Question 28

Compared to other groups, which of the following are LEAST likely to be placed in long-term care?

A) moderate drinkers
B) former drinkers
C) lifetime abstainers
D) infrequent drinkers

Question 29

Which aspect of hoarding changes MOST with age?

A) the reason for the hoarding
B) the materials that are hoarded
C) the severity of hoarding
D) the gender makeup of hoarders

Question 30

Research to date suggests that positive psychology may be an effective way of treating which of the following among older adults?

A) depressive symptoms
B) anxiety
C) dementia
D) hoarding disorder

Question 31

Which of the following disorders is MOST difficult to treat successfully?

A) major depressive disorder
B) primary psychosis
C) secondary psychosis
D) hoarding disorder

Question 32

How is the demand for mental health services affected across the lifespan?

A) increases throughout the lifespan
B) is steady across the lifespan
C) decreases in middle age and then increases in late adulthood
D) decreases across the lifespan

Question 33

Yasmina has been identified as having hoarding disorder. Which of the following disorders is MOST likely to be co-morbid with Yasmina's hoarding disorder?

A) obsessive-compulsive disorder
B) schizophrenia
C) generalized anxiety disorder
D) major depressive disorder

Question 34

Which of the following people is MOST closely associated with positive psychology?

A) Maslow
B) Rogers
C) Seligman
D) Freud

Question 35

What is the highest ranked barrier to seeking mental health treatment for older adults?

A) stigma
B) the belief that a qualified therapist will be unavailable
C) cohort effects
D) symptoms aren't severe enough to warrant treatment

Question 36

Compared to an older adult with late-onset alcohol-use disorder, which of the following is MORE likely for an older adult who developed an alcohol abuse problem BEFORE the age of 60?

A) experience milder symptoms of alcohol abuse
B) have chronic physical impairments
C) have started drinking because of a stressful life event
D) be female

Question 37

Linda is 70 years old and started rescuing cats ten years ago. She began with six cats but because some of them were not sterilized the number has grown. Living conditions for Linda and her cats have declined substantially, and at the request of the Humane Society Linda has agreed to re-home most of her cats. Linda would be classified as which of the following?

A) overwhelmed caregiver
B) rescuer
C) exploiter
D) delusional hoarder

Question 38

Dr. Nestor uses positive psychology when helping older adults with psychological problems. Which of the following will be a tool used by Dr. Nestor?

A) a token economy
B) personal strengths
C) mindfulness
D) dream analysis

Question 39

Approximately what proportion of older adult alcoholics developed their substance use problem before the age of 60?

A) 1/4
B) 1/3
C) 2/3
D) 3/4

Question 40

Which of the following accounts for the largest proportion of all cases of psychosis?

A) delirium
B) depression
C) delusional disorder
D) schizophrenia

Question 41

Discuss difficulties associated with identifying anxiety disorders in older adults and explain possible medical consequences of missing a diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder.

Question 42

Terry, an 81-year-old man, has started acting unusual and is experiencing auditory and visual hallucinations. Terry's son is very worried so he brings Terry to the emergency room. Describe the steps that medical staff should take to identify the source of Terry's hallucinations. In addition, identify the two most common causes of psychosis in older adults.

Question 43

Describe how rates of depression change with aging and identify four factors that the text suggests may contribute to this change.

Question 44

Discuss preventive measures that could reduce suicide rates among older adults living in Canadian communities.

Question 45

Compare and contrast older adults who begin abusing alcohol before the age of 60 with older adults who begin abusing alcohol after the age of 60.