Deck 5: Sound Media

Question 1

What is the name of the Internet radio site on which users create a radio station by naming a performer and allowing the site to choose similar music?

A) AOL
B) Music4U
C) Pandora
D) SoFloRadio

Answer 1

Pandora

Question 2

What is the greatest value radio provides to the music industry?

A) free airplay
B) fees paid to play songs
C) concert promotions
D) insightful interviews

Answer 2

free airplay

Question 3

Radio and the recording industry have a symbiotic relationship that

A) cuts into the profits of both as they share audiences and revenue.
B) is based on the recording industry's need for to promote and sell its products.
C) offers the greatest benefit to radio stations by increasing their appeal to advertisers.
D) used to be based on the now-illegal practice of payola.

Answer 3

is based on the recording industry's need for to promote and sell its products.

Question 4

Airplay can be described as all of the following EXCEPT

A) broadcast time devoted to a piece of music, discussion topic, ad, or other specific message.
B) a commodity greedy DJs and radio executives thought they could sell.
C) the gain record companies sought to receive from payola.
D) radio or television game shows.

Question 5

The music and record industries have been connected since the

A) 1890s.
B) 1920s.
C) 1940s.
D) 1950s.

Question 6

How many global companies dominate the recorded music industry with corporate tentacles into other media?

A) 2
B) 4
C) 9
D) 12

Question 7

Independently owned record-making companies, not part of the Big Four, are called

A) online outlets.
B) private labels.
C) A & Rs.
D) indies.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT one of the top-four, global music companies?

A) Universal Music
B) Sony Music BMG
C) Motown
D) Warner Music

Question 9

Sony Music BMG is based in which country?

A) U.S.
B) England
C) France
D) Japan

Question 10

Who invented Napster?

A) Michael Robertson
B) David Geffen
C) Shawn Fanning
D) Steve Jobs

Question 11

What company did the recording industry first target in an attempt to stop file sharing of music?

A) Grokster
B) Kazaa
C) Napster
D) iTunes

Question 12

Downloading music without paying is considered

A) OK if you or your friend bought the CD.
B) legal.
C) illegal.
D) OK if you own the computer.

Question 13

While it lasted, Napster did all of the following EXCEPT

A) helped drive countless radio stations into bankruptcy.
B) made Shawn Fanning a folk hero as a benefactor of music-loving computer-users.
C) reduced the sale of recorded music in the U.S by more than 50%.
D) violated the copyrights of music creators, producers, and distributors.

Question 14

Which of the following has NOT suffered financially because of the online delivery of digital music?

A) Sam Goody
B) Musicland
C) Amazon
D) Napster

Question 15

Whose idea was iTunes?

A) Al Gore
B) Gerald Levin
C) Steve Jobs
D) Bill Gates

Question 16

Who introduced the iPod?

A) Apple
B) Gateway
C) Dell
D) Napster

Question 17

Compared to Napster and other peer-to-peer file-swapping systems, iTunes offered all the following advantages EXCEPT

A) it used a new and more efficient file format that required less disk space.
B) it was much cleaner and more virus-free than peer-to-peer file-sharing.
C) its prices and selection of available tunes was widely appealing.
D) i sound quality, although acceptable, wasn't as good as Napster had offered.

Question 18

The amount of music that is downloaded for free outside of the recording industry's revenue stream is

A) estimated as being 95% of all music downloaded worldwide.
B) far worse in the U.S. than it is in Europe.
C) good news for iTunes.
D) steadily declining as more recording companies switch over to online sales.

Question 19

The rationale behind government regulation of the radio industry was based on the concept that

A) the electromagnetic spectrum is a public asset.
B) the Constitution did not have radio in mind, so radio is not covered by free-speech protections.
C) by making money radio became a business and therefore subject to government regulation.
D) radio waves were illegally being used by con-artists and hatemongers.

Question 20

As the airwaves became regulated, licenses were given to those stations that broadcast

A) content that would fit within strict guidelines.
B) frequency-modulated signals.
C) only during daytime hours.
D) in the public interest, convenience and necessity.

Question 21

By licensing stations to operate in specific service areas and limiting individual ownerships, the government intended to foster

A) cacophony.
B) local accountability.
C) networks.
D) national pride.

Question 22

The legal principle that justifies government licensing of radio and television stations is

A) the Bill of Rights.
B) the First Amendment.
C) the marketplace concept.
D) the trusteeship concept.

Question 23

The total number of commercial and public radio stations in the United States is over

A) 5,000.
B) 8,000.
C) 13,000.
D) 16,000

Question 24

The leading radio format in the U.S. is

A) religious.
B) country.
C) classic rock.
D) top 40.

Question 25

Current popular radio station formats include all of the following EXCEPT

A) adult contemporary.
B) adult spontaneous.
C) classic rock.
D) urban contemporary.

Question 26

With the 1996 deregulation of radio stations, the government moved from a trustee concept of regulation to a

A) channel scarcity concept.
B) democratic concept.
C) laissez faire concept.
D) marketplace concept.

Question 27

The two different technologies that are used to define radio channels and signal characteristics are frequency modulation (FM) and

A) aerial modification (AM).
B) amplitude modulation (AM).
C) antenna magnetization (AM).
D) azimuth modernization (AM).

Question 28

Revenue streams for public radio stations include all of the following EXCEPT

A) contributions from donors and members.
B) federal funds channeled through the CPB.
C) subsidies from the National Association of Broadcasters.
D) underwriting from corporate and organizational sponsors.

Question 29

Which medium has become a ubiquitous mass medium, available anytime, everywhere?

A) television
B) radio
C) newspaper
D) news

Question 30

On a weekly basis, how much time does the average teenager or adult spend listening to the radio?

A) about 8 hours
B) about 16 hours
C) the equivalent of almost an entire 24-hour day
D) the equivalent of almost two full days

Question 31

Radio remains very popular, but some of its listeners have recently been turning to all of the following alternatives EXCEPT

A) iPods and other personal music storage devices.
B) MTV and other music programming on television.
C) Pandora and other online music streaming services.
D) Sirius XM, and other direct-to-listener satellite services.

Question 32

Thomas Edison introduced a recording-playback device in the

A) 1850s.
B) 1870s.
C) 1890s.
D) 1920s.

Question 33

Radio personality Tom Joyner has a reputation for

A) playing crude music.
B) spearheading social issues.
C) his jazz programming.
D) his Motown playlist.

Question 34

Comedies, dramas, variety shows and quiz shows, which once dominated network radio programming, migrated to television during which decade?

A) 1930s
B) 1940s
C) 1950s
D) 1960s

Question 35

During the 1970s, AM stations experienced a declining audience as listeners fled to

A) television.
B) cassette recordings.
C) FM radio.
D) cable television.

Question 36

Such radio pioneers as Edward Murrow helped radio pioneer breaking news coverage during

A) World War I.
B) World War II.
C) the Cold War.
D) the Vietnam War.

Question 37

The programming innovator who created the all-news radio format was

A) Edward R. Murrow.
B) Gordon McLendon.
C) Garrison Keillor.
D) Walter Cronkite.

Question 38

What set National Public Radio and its flagship program All Things Considered apart from other radio news programming?

A) long-form stories
B) headline news
C) breaking news
D) two-minute news segments between Top 40 hits

Question 39

Many radio stations began dropping their expensive news operations during the 1990s when

A) the public appetite for news decreased.
B) advertising revenue began to decline.
C) the Federal Communications Commission dropped its public service requirement.
D) cable television stole their audience.

Question 40

Which characteristic does NOT represent the majority of listeners to political talk shows on radio?

A) Republican
B) lower economic class
C) white
D) male

Question 41

Originally developed to focus on news, politics, and societal trends, many talk radio stations devolved into emphasizing all of the following EXCEPT

A) controversial and often wacky or vitriolic, personalities.
B) humor, including call-in comedy competitions.
C) self-help, heath and relationship advice.
D) sports boosterism and trivia.

Question 42

The first programming created by NPR was

A) Morning Edition.
B) All Things Considered.
C) A Prairie Home Companion.
D) Fresh Air.

Question 43

NPR's economic future was secured by a major gift from

A) Rush Limbaugh.
B) Edward R. Murrow.
C) Joan Kroc.
D) Gordon McLendon.

Question 44

How much of the content aired by an average NPR affiliate station is actually produced by the station itself?

A) almost two-thirds
B) about one-half
C) almost one-third
D) about one-quarter

Question 45

SiriusXM, the company formed by the merger of Sirius and XM, reaches its audience via

A) terrestrial networks.
B) satellite transmissions.
C) techno-works.
D) public radio stations.

Question 46

Terrestrial radio is a term that encompasses

A) all forms of non-digital radio.
B) radio delivered through radio towers.
C) digital radio transmissions.
D) radio programming from networks.

Question 47

The self-proclaimed founder of podcasting who called himself "podfather" was

A) Adam Curry.
B) Tom Joyner.
C) Al Gore.
D) Shawn Fanning.

Question 48

Pandora is a satellite radio network.

Question 49

The symbiosis between radio and the recording industry arose in the 1980s in response to the emergence of the Internet.

Question 50

Payola, which is illegal pay-to-play bribery of radio personnel, is a reflection of how strong the symbiotic relationship between radio and the recording industry is.

Question 51

Radio and recorded music are based on very different technologies, but what they have in common is their interest in mass marketing sound.

Question 52

Radio airplay of a recording company's music is important because it helps the recording company know what artists and sounds should be recorded next.

Question 53

Although radio stations get a discount, their purchase of music to play on the air is an important source of revenue for the recording industry.

Question 54

A big problem in the early days of rock and roll on radio, payola virtually disappeared after federal prosecutions in 1959 cleaned up the radio industry.

Question 55

A radio station's playlist contains all of the songs that its DJs are allowed to play on the air.

Question 56

The music industry is concentrated in major companies known as the Big Six.

Question 57

One of the most successful indies in recording industry until it was bought out was Motown.

Question 58

The Big Four recording companies account for roughly 84% of the U.S. market and 75% of the global market for recorded music.

Question 59

All of the Big Four recording companies are U.S.-owned and based conglomerates.

Question 60

Shawn Fanning wrote the Napster software for file-sharing audio downloads.

Question 61

The Supreme Court halted iTunes' free distribution of music.

Question 62

Napster's impact on the recorded music industry was incredibly dramatic and caused several major music-retailing chains to go out of business.

Question 63

Some of the most obvious casualties of file-sharing were independent, stand-alone music stores.

Question 64

When it was first introduced, iTunes faced some of the same legal challenges that drove Napster out of business.

Question 65

The recording industry is worried that up to 95% of all music downloaded worldwide is outside of its revenue-generating channels.

Question 66

The problem of free music-swapping is now much worse outside the U.S. than it is here.

Question 67

Even though the sales of downloaded music are up, the sales of other recordings are so far down that they have offset the gain and produced an overall decrease in total sales.

Question 68

The Federal Radio Commission, created in 1927, was the predecessor of the Federal Communications Commission.

Question 69

Early government regulation of radio stations was implemented under the marketplace concept.

Question 70

When radio licensing was established, each station was assigned a specific frequency and maximum power level so its broadcast signal wouldn't interfere with other stations.

Question 71

There are more than 13,000 radio stations in the United States.

Question 72

Even though radio station licenses specify that they must serve a particular geographic area, few stations today are actually locally owned.

Question 73

The FRC was able to license radio stations, but networks were exempt from government licensing because they didn't direct use the public airwaves.

Question 74

Because they don't sell advertising and operate as non-profit entities, public radio stations are except from FCC licensing.

Question 75

Country radio programming trails adult contemporary and classic rock formats in popularity.

Question 76

Choosing a format is a marketing decision radio stations make to help them deliver an audience with clearly defined characteristics to their advertisers.

Question 77

Although sound recordings could be made and re-played in the 1870s, it wasn't possible to duplicate them for another ten years.

Question 78

Arbitron is a company that surveys radio listenership.

Question 79

Many radio stations eliminated news departments after deregulation in the 1990s.

Question 80

News on radio stations that limited their news coverage to very short stories and 2-3 minute newscasts were often called a headline service.