Deck 9: Gross Anatomy and Functions of Skeletal Muscles

Question 1

The most stationary point of attachment of a muscle is called the

A) Action
B) Origin
C) Mobile end
D) Insertion

Answer 1

Origin

Question 2

The moving point of attachment of a muscle is called the

A) Action
B) Origin
C) Fixed end
D) Insertion

Answer 2

Insertion

Question 3

Muscles connect to bone or other structures by

A) The belly
B) Tendons
C) Ligaments
D) Deep fascia

Answer 3

Tendons

Question 4

The muscle that accomplishes a certain movement is called the

A) Agonist
B) Antagonist
C) Synergist
D) Fixator

Question 5

A group of muscles that work together to produce a movement are called

A) Agonists
B) Antagonists
C) Synergists
D) Fixators

Question 6

Muscles that help hold a bone in place during a movement are called

A) Agonists
B) Antagonists
C) Synergists
D) Fixators

Question 7

The rectus femoris muscle would be named for its

A) Size
B) Shape
C) Location
D) Number of heads

Question 8

The brachioradialis muscle would be named for its

A) Location
B) Origin and insertion
C) Orientation of fascicule
D) Function

Question 9

The flexor digitorum muscle would be named for its

A) Function
B) Number of heads
C) Origin and insertion
D) Shape

Question 10

The extensor carpi radialis longus muscle would be named for its

A) Size
B) Location
C) Function
D) All of the choices are correct

Question 11

Which lever relationship is correct?

A) Bone is the fulcrum
B) Muscle contraction is the force
C) A joint is the lever
D) None of the choices is correct

Question 12

Which of the following is true of a class I lever?

A) The weight is between the fulcrum and the pull
B) Lifting a snow shovel is an example
C) Extending the head is an example
D) The pull is between the fulcrum and the weight

Question 13

Which of the following is the most common type of lever in the body?

A) Class I
B) Class II
C) Class III
D) Class IV

Question 14

Which facial muscle will raise the eyebrows and wrinkle the forehead skin?

A) Orbicularis oculi
B) Zygomaticus major
C) Occipitofrontalis
D) Levator anguli oris

Question 15

Which facial muscle closes the eyelids?

A) Orbicularis oculi
B) Zygomaticus major
C) Occipitofrontalis
D) Levator anguli oris

Question 16

Which muscle flattens the cheeks?

A) Orbicularis oris
B) Levator labii
C) Risorius
D) Buccinator

Question 17

Which of the following muscles is NOT involved in smiling?

A) Zygomaticus major and minor
B) Mentalis
C) Levator anguli oris
D) Risorius

Question 18

Which of the following muscles is NOT involved in pouting?

A) Levator palpebrae
B) Mentalis
C) Depressor anguli oris
D) Depressor labii inferioris

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT an elevator of the mandible for chewing?

A) Temporalis
B) Digastric
C) Masseter
D) Pterygoid

Question 20

What group of muscles are found entirely on the tongue and are used to change the shape of the tongue?

A) Extrinsic tongue muscles
B) Infrahyoid muscles
C) Suprahyoid muscles
D) Intrinsic tongue muscles

Question 21

What group of muscles are outside the tongue, but attached to it to aid in moving the tongue as a unit and changing its shape?

A) Extrinsic tongue muscles
B) Infrahyoid muscles
C) Suprahyoid muscles
D) Intrinsic tongue muscles

Question 22

What is the prime mover of the group of lateral neck muscles?

A) Trapezius
B) Splenius capitis
C) Sternocleidomastoid
D) Levator scapulae

Question 23

Which muscle extends the head and neck?

A) Elevator scapulae
B) Trapezius
C) Scalene
D) Sternohyoid

Question 24

What action occurs when both sternocleidomastoid muscles contract?

A) Laterally flexes the head and neck
B) Extending the head and neck
C) Flexing the head and neck
D) Rotating the head and neck

Question 25

Which of the following is NOT part of the erector spinae muscle group?

A) Splenius capitis
B) Iliocostalis
C) Longissimum
D) Spinalis

Question 26

What action do the erector spinae muscles have?

A) Flexes the vertebral column
B) Extends the thigh
C) Maintains posture
D) All of the choices are correct

Question 27

Which of the following abdominal muscles does NOT flex the vertebral column?

A) External abdominal oblique
B) Transverse abdominis
C) Internal abdominal oblique
D) Rectus abdominis

Question 28

The lateral abdominal wall muscles connect to the ______ by aponeuroses.

A) Linea semilunaris
B) Rectus sheath
C) Linea alba
D) Inguinal ligament

Question 29

Which of the following is NOT a function of the abdominal wall muscles?

A) Compress the abdomen
B) Flex and rotate the vertebral column
C) Depress the thorax
D) Extend the vertebral column

Question 30

Which pelvic floor muscle elevates the anus and supports pelvic viscera?

A) Levator ani
B) Gluteus maximus
C) Coccygeus
D) Bulbospongiosus

Question 31

What muscle allows voluntary control of urination?

A) Levator ani
B) External urethral sphincter
C) External anal sphincter
D) Pelvic diaphragm

Question 32

What muscle is the major muscle for causing thoracic volume changes for respiration?

A) Scalene
B) External intercostals
C) Diaphragm
D) Internal intercostals

Question 33

Which muscles raise the ribs in quiet inspiration?

A) Scalenes
B) External intercostals
C) Diaphragm
D) Internal intercostals

Question 34

Which muscle aids in taking a deep breath?

A) Scalene
B) External intercostal
C) Diaphragm
D) Internal intercostal

Question 35

What muscle elevates the scapula and laterally flexes the neck?

A) Levator scapulae
B) Pectoralis minor
C) Sternocleidomastoid
D) Serratus anterior

Question 36

What muscles are found between the scapulae and act to retract the scapulae?

A) Levator scapulae
B) Pectoralis minor
C) Rhomboideus major and minor
D) Serratus anterior

Question 37

Which of the following muscles does NOT act on the scapula?

A) Levator scapulae
B) Pectoralis minor
C) Sternocleidomastoid
D) Serratus anterior

Question 38

What muscle can flex and extend the shoulder depending on the position?

A) Coracobrachialis
B) Teres major
C) Deltoid
D) Pectoralis major

Question 39

Which of the following muscles does NOT adduct the shoulder?

A) Coracobrachialis
B) Deltoid
C) Latissimus dorsi
D) Teres major

Question 40

Which of the following muscles is NOT part of the rotator cuff?

A) Teres minor
B) Infraspinatus
C) Subscapularis
D) Teres major

Question 41

Rotator cuff muscles have their origins on the scapula and their insertions on the

A) Clavicle
B) Ribs
C) Humerus
D) Vertebrae

Question 42

Which upper extremity muscle is a common site for injections?

A) Biceps
B) Coracobrachialis
C) Deltoid
D) Infraspinatus

Question 43

Which muscle causes flexion of the elbow and supination of the forearm?

A) Biceps brachii
B) Triceps brachii
C) Brachialis
D) Deltoid

Question 44

Which of the following muscles is NOT involved in flexion of the elbow?

A) Brachioradialis
B) Brachialis
C) Biceps brachii
D) Triceps brachii

Question 45

Which of the following muscles causes extension of the elbow?

A) Biceps brachii
B) Triceps brachii
C) Brachialis
D) Deltoid

Question 46

Muscles located on the upper arm act on the _______ for movement.

A) Forearm
B) Wrist
C) Arm (upper)
D) Chest

Question 47

Muscles located on the forearm act on all of the following EXCEPT

A) Fingers
B) Hand
C) Forearm
D) Wrist

Question 48

Anterior forearm muscles act to ______ the wrist and fingers.

A) Extend
B) Supinate
C) Pronate
D) Flex

Question 49

Which of the following muscles will extend the fingers and wrist?

A) Extensor carpi radialis longus
B) Extensor digitorum
C) Palmaris longus
D) Extensor pollicus longus

Question 50

What connective tissue band holds the extrinsic hand muscles together?

A) Anconeus
B) Retinaculum
C) Thenar eminence
D) Tensor fasciae latae

Question 51

Where would the thenar muscles be located?

A) Medial side of the palm
B) Lateral side of the palm
C) Middle of the palm
D) Distal palm

Question 52

What muscle forms most of the buttock?

A) Gluteus medius
B) Gluteus minimus
C) Gluteus brevis
D) Gluteus maximus

Question 53

Anterior thigh muscles will _______ the hip.

A) Flex
B) Extend
C) Abduct
D) Adduct

Question 54

What muscle does the most work for a sit-up?

A) Gluteus maximus
B) Iliopsoas
C) Gemelius inferior
D) Obturator

Question 55

Which of the following is NOT part of the quadriceps femoris muscle group?

A) Biceps femoris
B) Vastus lateralis
C) Vastus medialis
D) Rectus femoris

Question 56

The main function of the quadriceps femoris is to ______ the knee.

A) Abduct
B) Rotate
C) Flex
D) Extend

Question 57

Which of the following is NOT a normal injection site?

A) Gluteus medius
B) Deltoid
C) Sartorius
D) Vastus lateralis

Question 58

The posterior thigh muscles are collectively called the

A) Quads
B) Hamstrings
C) Adductors
D) Rotators

Question 59

Which of the following is NOT considered a hamstring muscle?

A) Rectus femoris
B) Biceps femoris
C) Semimembranosus
D) Semitendinosus

Question 60

The muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg will perform all the following actions EXCEPT

A) Extend the toes
B) Plantar flex the foot
C) Dorsiflex the foot
D) Invert the foot

Question 61

The large muscle of the posterior compartment of the leg is the

A) Posterior tibialis
B) Soleus
C) Plantaris
D) Gastrocnemius

Question 62

The muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg will perform all the following actions EXCEPT

A) Flex the knee
B) Plantar flex the foot
C) Extend the toes
D) Invert the foot

Question 63

Which of the following muscles does NOT insert on the calcaneus through the Achilles (calcaneal) tendon?

A) Fibularis longus
B) Soleus
C) Gastrocnemius
D) Plantaris

Question 64

Body movement occurs when muscle contractions push one bone toward another across a movable joint.

Question 65

A sheet-like attachment of muscle is called an aponeurosis.

Question 66

In general, the insertion is on the medial or proximal end of the muscle.

Question 67

A muscle in a group of synergists that plays a major role in the movement is known as the prime mover.

Question 68

Muscles that move the arm are found on the anterior and posterior trunk.

Question 69

The primary function of the rotator cuff muscles is to hold the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity, rather than arm movement.

Question 70

The most versatile muscle of the shoulder is the latissimus dorsi.

Question 71

The medial thigh muscles will adduct the thigh.

Question 72

The anterior hip muscles are known as the iliopsoas.

Question 73

The pectineus muscle was named for the way a tailor sits with his legs crossed.

Question 74

The hamstrings can extend the hip and flex the knee.

Question 75

Extrinsic foot muscles are found within the foot and perform foot and toe movements.