Deck 4: Tissues, Glands, and Membranes

Question 1

A collection of similar cells and the extracellular matrix surrounding them describes a/an

A) Organ
B) Tissue
C) Specialized cell
D) Organism

Answer 1

Tissue

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a major tissue type?

A) Muscular
B) Epithelial
C) Bone
D) Nervous

Answer 2

Bone

Question 3

The process of removing tissue samples from a patient for diagnostic purposes is a/an

A) Oscopy
B) Ostomy
C) Ectomy
D) Biopsy

Answer 3

Biopsy

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a germ layer of the embryo?

A) Periderm
B) Endoderm
C) Ectoderm
D) Mesoderm

Question 5

The skin and nervous system originate from the

A) Periderm
B) Endoderm
C) Ectoderm
D) Mesoderm

Question 6

Muscle, bone and blood vessels arise from the

A) Periderm
B) Endoderm
C) Ectoderm
D) Mesoderm

Question 7

Which of the following characteristics is NOT true of epithelium?

A) Covers internal and external surfaces of the body
B) Has many cells and very little extracellular matrix
C) Has many blood vessels
D) Attached to underlying tissue by a basement membrane and has a free surface

Question 8

The functions of epithelial tissue includes

A) Secreting and absorbing substances
B) Permitting or stopping passage of substances
C) Protecting underlying structures
D) All of the choices are correct

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT an epithelial cell shape?

A) Rectangular
B) Cuboidal
C) Columnar
D) Squamous

Question 10

Epithelial tissue of more than one layer is called

A) Simple epithelium
B) Double epithelium
C) Stratified epithelium
D) Layered epithelium

Question 11

What type of epithelium is found where diffusion or filtration take place, such as in the alveoli of the lungs?

A) Simple cuboidal epithelium
B) Stratified squamous epithelium
C) Simple columnar epithelium
D) Simple squamous epithelium

Question 12

What type of epithelium in found covering the surfaces of internal organs to prevent friction damage?

A) Simple squamous epithelium
B) Stratified squamous epithelium
C) Simple columnar epithelium
D) Simple cuboidal epithelium

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a function of simple cuboidal cells?

A) Active transport in kidney tubules
B) Secretion by glands
C) Stretching of the urinary bladder
D) Facilitated diffusion by kidney tubules

Question 14

Which type of epithelium is found lining the stomach and intestines?

A) Simple squamous epithelium
B) Stratified squamous epithelium
C) Simple columnar epithelium
D) Simple cuboidal epithelium

Question 15

What type of epithelial tissue is found lining much of the respiratory tract?

A) Ciliated simple columnar epithelium
B) Ciliated stratified cuboidal epithelium
C) Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium
D) Ciliated stratified squamous epithelium

Question 16

What type of epithelium is found lining the inside of the mouth, esophagus, rectum and vagina?

A) Nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium
B) Keratinized stratified cuboidal epithelium
C) Nonkeratinized simple squamous epithelium
D) Keratinized simple columnar epithelium

Question 17

What type of epithelium is found in the epidermis, the outer layer of the skin?

A) Nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium
B) Keratinized stratified cuboidal epithelium
C) Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
D) Nonkeratinized simple columnar epithelium

Question 18

A special type of stratified epithelium that allows stretching or distention of the urinary bladder is called

A) Stratified columnar epithelium
B) Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
C) Transitional epithelium
D) Stretchy epithelium

Question 19

What function would NOT be expected of stratified epithelium?

A) Protection from abrasion
B) Distention
C) Diffusion
D) All of the choices are correct

Question 20

What type of apical surface on epithelia increases surface area for absorption and secretion?

A) Cilia
B) Microvilli
C) Smooth
D) Desmosomes

Question 21

What type of apical surface on epithelia helps to move materials over the surface of the tissue?

A) Cilia
B) Microvilli
C) Smooth
D) Desmosomes

Question 22

What type of cell connection binds adjacent cells together to prevent intercellular movement or materials?

A) Desmosomes
B) Gap junctions
C) Tight junctions
D) Hemidesmosomes

Question 23

What type of cell connection anchor cells to each other in areas of mechanical stress?

A) Desmosomes
B) Gap junctions
C) Tight junctions
D) Hemidesmosomes

Question 24

What type of cell connection allows cell to cell communication through protein channels between cells?

A) Desmosomes
B) Gap junctions
C) Tight junctions
D) Hemidesmosomes

Question 25

A simple alveolar exocrine gland has

A) Many ducts and a sac-like secretory portion
B) One duct and a tube-like secretory portion
C) One duct and a sac-like secretory portion
D) No ducts and a tube-like secretory portion

Question 26

An exocrine gland that secretes by exocytosis with no loss of cellular materials is classified as

A) Holocrine
B) Apocrine
C) Endocrine
D) Merocrine

Question 27

An exocrine gland that secretes by pinching off a portion of the cell containing the secretion is classified as

A) Holocrine
B) Apocrine
C) Endocrine
D) Merocrine

Question 28

An exocrine gland that secretes by rupturing the cell is classified as

A) Holocrine
B) Apocrine
C) Endocrine
D) Merocrine

Question 29

Sebaceous glands of the skin are classified as

A) Holocrine glands
B) Apocrine glands
C) Endocrine glands
D) Merocrine glands

Question 30

Mammary glands are classified as

A) Holocrine glands
B) Apocrine glands
C) Endocrine glands
D) Merocrine glands

Question 31

What characteristic separates connective tissue from the other tissue types?

A) Provides protection
B) Connects tissues to each other
C) Has abundant extracellular matrix
D) Encloses and separates tissues

Question 32

Which suffix indicates cells that produce the matrix of connective tissue?

A) Cyte
B) Blast
C) Clast
D) Fiber

Question 33

Which type of connective tissue cell has secretions that promote inflammation?

A) Fibroblast
B) Mast cell
C) Macrophage
D) Monocyte

Question 34

Which of the following is NOT a component of connective tissue extracellular matrix?

A) Mast cells
B) Protein fibers
C) Fluid
D) Ground substance

Question 35

What material in the matrix allows connective tissue to hold large quantities of water?

A) Proteoglycans
B) Ground substance
C) Collagen fibers
D) Reticular fibers

Question 36

What is the embryonic tissue that all connective tissue comes from?

A) Proteoglycans
B) Mesenchyme
C) Ectoderm
D) Endoderm

Question 37

Which type of connective tissue is the loose packing material of the body?

A) Adipose tissue
B) Dense, regular collagenous connective tissue
C) Loose, areolar connective tissue
D) Dense, irregular elastic connective tissue

Question 38

What type of connective tissue makes up tendons and ligaments?

A) Adipose tissue
B) Dense, regular collagenous connective tissue
C) Loose, areolar connective tissue
D) Dense, irregular elastic connective tissue

Question 39

What type of connective tissue is found in the true vocal cords?

A) Dense, regular elastic connective tissue
B) Dense, regular collagenous connective tissue
C) Loose, areolar connective tissue
D) Dense, irregular elastic connective tissue

Question 40

What type of connective tissue is made up of sheaths of short collagen fibers running in various directions, such as the dermis of the skin?

A) Dense, regular collagenous connective tissue
B) Loose, areolar connective tissue
C) Dense, irregular elastic connective tissue
D) Dense, irregular collagenous connective tissue

Question 41

What type of connective tissue is found in the walls of arteries and allows for the expansion and recoil of those arteries?

A) Dense, regular elastic connective tissue
B) Dense, regular collagenous connective tissue
C) Loose, areolar connective tissue
D) Dense, irregular elastic connective tissue

Question 42

What type of connective tissue functions as a packing material, an insulator, energy storage and protection?

A) Areolar
B) Reticular
C) Adipose
D) Loose connective tissue

Question 43

Where is reticular connective tissue found?

A) Muscles and bones
B) Lymphatic tissue, bone marrow and liver
C) Spleen, muscles and brain
D) All of the choices are correct

Question 44

What type of cell is found in cartilage?

A) Fibroblast
B) Osteocyte
C) Chondrocyte
D) Osteoclast

Question 45

Cartilage cells are found in small spaces called

A) Lamellae
B) Canaliculi
C) Lobules
D) Lacunae

Question 46

Which type of cartilage is characterized by a glassy appearance, forming smooth resilient surfaces?

A) Hyaline cartilage
B) Elastic cartilage
C) Osteocartilage
D) Fibrocartilage

Question 47

What type of cartilage is found covering the ends of bones in joints, attaching the ribs to the sternum, supporting the trachea and forming much of the embryonic skeleton?

A) Hyaline cartilage
B) Elastic cartilage
C) Osteocartilage
D) Fibrocartilage

Question 48

Which type of cartilage is found in the external ear and the epiglottis?

A) Hyaline cartilage
B) Elastic cartilage
C) Osteocartilage
D) Fibrocartilage

Question 49

Which type of cartilage has many collagen fibers and found in the intervertebral disks and the knee?

A) Hyaline cartilage
B) Elastic cartilage
C) Osteocartilage
D) Fibrocartilage

Question 50

What type of connective tissue has a mineralized matrix in compact structures called lamellae?

A) Compact bone
B) Hyaline cartilage
C) Cancellous bone
D) Spongy bone

Question 51

What type of connective tissue contains the red bone marrow in between its trabeculae?

A) Compact bone
B) Hyaline cartilage
C) Cancellous bone
D) Lamellar bone

Question 52

What is unique about the matrix of blood?

A) It is mineralized
B) It is soft and flexible
C) It is liquid
D) It is spongy

Question 53

What type of tissue is found in red bone marrow for the production of blood cells?

A) Reticular tissue
B) Hemopoietic tissue
C) Loose connective tissue
D) Adipose tissue

Question 54

What is the main characteristic of muscular tissue?

A) Ability to protect
B) Large amount of matrix
C) Ability to contract
D) Ability to stretch

Question 55

Which type of muscle tissue is voluntary, striated, with long cylindrical cells?

A) Skeletal muscle
B) Smooth muscle
C) Cardiac muscle

Question 56

Which type of muscle tissue is involuntary, nonstriated, with tapered cells?

A) Skeletal muscle
B) Smooth muscle
C) Cardiac muscle

Question 57

Which type of muscle tissue is found in the walls of hollow organs?

A) Skeletal muscle
B) Smooth muscle
C) Cardiac muscle

Question 58

Which type of muscle tissue is involuntary, striated, with branching cells and intercalated disks?

A) Skeletal muscle
B) Smooth muscle
C) Cardiac muscle

Question 59

Which type of cell is the conducting cell of nervous tissue?

A) Neuroglia
B) Nephrons
C) Neurons
D) All of the choices are correct

Question 60

Which of the following is NOT a part of a neuron?

A) Intercalated disk
B) Axon
C) Cell body
D) Dendrites

Question 61

Which type of cell is nonconducting and supports the nervous system?

A) Neuroglia
B) Nephrons
C) Neurons
D) All of the choices are correct

Question 62

Which of the following is NOT a type of internal body membrane?

A) Synovial membrane
B) Serous membrane
C) Cutaneous membrane
D) Mucous membrane

Question 63

Which type of internal membrane is found lining body cavities that are open to the outside?

A) Synovial membrane
B) Serous membrane
C) Cutaneous membrane
D) Mucous membrane

Question 64

Which of the following systems are lined with mucous membrane?

A) Respiratory
B) Digestive
C) Urogenital
D) All of the choices are correct

Question 65

Which type of internal membrane protects internal organs from friction and helps hold them in place?

A) Synovial membrane
B) Serous membrane
C) Cutaneous membrane
D) Mucous membrane

Question 66

Which of the following is NOT a serous membrane?

A) Meninges
B) Pleura
C) Pericardium
D) Peritoneum

Question 67

Which type of internal membrane is found lining movable joints for lubrication?

A) Synovial membrane
B) Serous membrane
C) Cutaneous membrane
D) Mucous membrane

Question 68

What process occurs as the body's response to tissue damage?

A) Atrophy
B) Apoptosis
C) Inflammation
D) Death

Question 69

Which of the following is NOT a mediator of inflammation?

A) Histamine
B) Kinins
C) Prostaglandins
D) Polysaccharides
E) Leukotrienes

Question 70

Which of the following is NOT a major symptom of inflammation?

A) Redness
B) Coolness
C) Swelling
D) Disturbance of function
E) Pain

Question 71

Which symptoms of inflammation occur as a result of blood vessel dilation?

A) Redness and heat
B) Swelling and pain
C) Redness and swelling
D) Pain and heat

Question 72

Which symptoms of inflammation occur as a result of increased blood vessel permeability?

A) Redness and heat
B) Swelling and pain
C) Redness and swelling
D) Pain and heat

Question 73

Which type of tissue repair occurs when the new cells are of the same type that were destroyed?

A) Regeneration
B) Replacement
C) Inflammation
D) Edema

Question 74

Which type of tissue repair produces scarring and some loss of original function?

A) Regeneration
B) Replacement
C) Inflammation
D) Edema

Question 75

What type of cells have the ability to divide and produce new cells throughout their lifetime?

A) Stable cells
B) Labile cells
C) Permanent cells
D) Temporary cells

Question 76

What type of cells do not actively divide once growth stops, but can divide after an injury?

A) Stable cells
B) Labile cells
C) Permanent cells
D) Temporary cells

Question 77

Which type of cells have little or no ability to divide?

A) Stable cells
B) Labile cells
C) Permanent cells
D) Temporary cells

Question 78

Which of the following do NOT contain labile cells?

A) Skin
B) Hemopoietic tissue
C) Liver
D) Mucous membranes

Question 79

Which type of repair would occur after an injury to smooth muscle?

A) Regeneration
B) Replacement
C) Inflammation
D) Edema

Question 80

What kind of cells are neurons and skeletal muscle cells with respect to repair after an injury?

A) Stable cells
B) Labile cells
C) Permanent cells
D) Temporary cells