Deck 13: Psychological Disorders

Question 1

Cultural diversity has a direct effect on which criterion for diagnosing psychological disorders?

A) statistical infrequency
B) disability or dysfunctions
C) personal distress
D) violation of norms

Answer 1

violation of norms

Question 2

Hoarding is most commonly associated with which mental illness?

A) OCD
B) PTSD
C) BPD
D) DID

Answer 2

OCD

Question 3

Which of the following terms is no longer used in the current version of the DSM-IV-TR?

A) psychosis
B) neurosis
C) mood disorder
D) schizophrenia

Answer 3

neurosis

Question 4

The term neuroses now refers to which of the following disorders?

A) personality disorders
B) anxiety disorders
C) cognitive disorders
D) bipolar disorder

Question 5

In the final outcome of the Andrea Yates trial, she was ___________.

A) sentenced to life in prison
B) committed to a state mental hospital until she became well
C) released from jail and back into society
D) placed on the electric chair

Question 6

Which of the following INCORRECTLY describe major diagnostic dimensions in the DSM-IV-TR?

A) state disorders and trait disorders
B) psychosocial and environmental problems
C) general medical conditions and overall level of functioning
D) personality disorders

Question 7

According to the DSM-IV-TR, which of the following is INCORRECTLY matched?

A) Axis I: trait disorders
B) Axis III: general medical conditions
C) Axis IV: psychosocial and environmental problems
D) Axis V: overall level of functioning

Question 8

Lifelong problems such as mental retardation and personality disorders would be classified under which axis of the DSM-IV-TR?

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV

Question 9

Mariana reports that she suffers from thyroid disorder. She is providing information to her therapist about axis _______.

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV

Question 10

Mood disorders include ______.

A) depression and mania
B) depression and anxiety
C) schizophrenia and anxiety
D) schizophrenia and pervasive developmental disorders

Question 11

Sleep disorders include ______.

A) insomnia, hypersomnia, and sleep terrors
B) depression, hypersomnia, and sleep terrors
C) PDD, hypersomnia, and sleep terrors
D) ADHD, PDD, and sleep terrors

Question 12

Each of the following is impulse control disorder EXCEPT ___________.

A) excessive gambling
B) pyromania
C) bipolar disorder
D) kleptomania

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a sexual and gender identity disorder?

A) sexual dysfunction
B) sexual desire disorder
C) homosexuality
D) erectile dysfunction

Question 14

Elizabeth always seems to feel on edge and worried that something in her life will go wrong, but she cannot pinpoint the causes of her anxiety. These symptoms can be best classified as _____________________.

A) panic disorder
B) generalized anxiety disorder
C) phobia
D) obsessive compulsive disorder

Question 15

The onset of panic disorder is associated with _____________.

A) minimal exposure to stress
B) a frightening event or experience
C) a pleasant event or experience
D) relaxation

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT an anxiety disorder?

A) social phobia
B) obsessive-compulsive disorder
C) hysteria
D) panic disorder

Question 17

Which of the following MOST clearly illustrates an obsessive-compulsive disorder?

A) Morgan washes her hands 10 times after learning that the patient she just treated has hepatitis B.
B) Kendrick is so anxious about his speech for tomorrow that he reviews his notes 20 times.
C) Constant sexual thoughts have made Lauryn anxious for several months. She now carries a prayer book and feels pressured to read passages over and over everywhere she goes.
D) Mason's house was burglarized last week. He now checks the locks on his doors and windows 5 times a night, and listens to the radio to stop worrying about his safety.

Question 18

A person who is so afraid of something such as a spider that they would jump out of a speeding car to escape it has a(n) _______.

A) anxiety
B) agoraphobia
C) claustrophobia
D) phobia

Question 19

Vicarious learning of fears refers to _____________________.

A) watching someone else develop a fear of an object and then developing the fear yourself
B) directly being involved in the experience that created the phobia
C) parents yelling at their children for touching certain objects
D) either a or b

Question 20

When one identical twin has a mood disorder, the other twin has a _____ chance of developing the disorder.

A) 25%
B) 50%
C) 75%
D) 99% or more

Question 21

Schizophrenia is more severe in _____________.

A) men
B) women
C) older adults
D) There is no gender difference.

Question 22

In the movie, A Beautiful Mind John Nash believed that the newspaper he was reading had a secret message hidden in it just for him. What type of delusion would this be called?

A) paranoid delusions
B) delusions of persecution
C) delusions of reference
D) delusions of grandeur

Question 23

When talking to his psychiatrist, a patient with schizophrenia said, "The pain in my head is the fusion of egg and sperm, but it only takes a father to make a baby, then the world ends." This is an example of a language disturbance called _____.

A) word salad
B) a pragmatic error
C) a neologism
D) cataleptic syntax

Question 24

_______ is an example of an emotional disturbance in schizophrenia.

A) Exaggerated sadness
B) Rapidly fluctuating between depression and euphoria
C) A complete lack of emotional expression
D) Repetitive thoughts

Question 25

Maintaining a nearly immobile stance for hours at a time is known as ____________.

A) catalepsy
B) flattened affect
C) delusions of grandeur
D) positive schizophrenia

Question 26

Classification of schizophrenia into paranoid, catatonic, disorganized, and undifferentiated has been criticized because _____.

A) it affects the self-esteem of patients with this disorder
B) it does not explain the causes and has little predictive value regarding recovery
C) the undifferentiated category is the same as the disorganized category
D) these categories are misunderstood by both public and professionals

Question 27

If a person fits under one or more classifications of schizophrenia, in what category would he or she be placed?

A) residual
B) undifferentiated
C) paranoid
D) disorganized

Question 28

Incoherent speech, flattened or exaggerated emotion, and social withdrawal are characteristic of what type of schizophrenia?

A) residual
B) undifferentiated
C) paranoid
D) disorganized

Question 29

Which type of schizophrenia has a better chance for recovery?

A) positive
B) negative
C) catatonic
D) undifferentiated

Question 30

Loss of gray matter as seen in schizophrenia refers to a decrease in ____________.

A) neurons in the cerebral cortex
B) neurons in the brainstem
C) neurons in the limbic system
D) neurotransmitters in the hypothalamus

Question 31

Which of the following are family communication patterns that place a person with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia at risk for becoming systematic?

A) parents providing contradictory messages to children
B) intelligible speech
C) nonfragmented communication
D) parents providing clear messages to their children

Question 32

Relapse in patients who return home after hospitalization for schizophrenia is higher in families whose communication is characterized by _____.

A) criticism, hostility, and overinvolvement with the patient
B) word salad, neologisms, and circumstantial speech
C) emotional withdrawal and oversimplified interactions
D) telegraphic speech

Question 33

_________ disorder is an attempt to avoid painful memories or situations, and is characterized by amnesia, fugue, or multiple personalities.

A) Dissociative
B) Displacement
C) Disoriented
D) Identity

Question 34

When Veda returned home after the worst typhoon in 20 years, her entire family was wiped out and there was nothing left of her village. Veda wandered off and forgot her name and everything about her previous life. This is an example of a _____.

A) dissociative identity disorder
B) nervous breakdown
C) associative amnesia
D) dissociative fugue

Question 35

After being savagely assaulted, Roswald suffered from dissociative amnesia and was unable to recall _____.

A) how to read and write
B) how to operate his car and computer
C) his name and address
D) how to speak

Question 36

_____ is related to losing one's sense of reality and feeling estranged from oneself.

A) Schizophrenia
B) PTSD
C) Dissociative identity disorder
D) Depersonalization

Question 37

The changing between one personality to another during DID occurs primarily due to __________.

A) neurotransmitter imbalances
B) stress
C) physical pain
D) high caloric intake

Question 38

A preoccupation with one's own concerns and an insensitivity to the needs of others is defined as _____ in your text.

A) egocentrism
B) selfish
C) self-preoccupation
D) self-absorption

Question 39

Jane has experienced numerous broken relationships, divorces, and lost jobs, primarily due to her overwhelming feelings of abandonment by others that ultimately destroys her relationships. Jane most likely has ___________ personality disorder.

A) dissociative identity
B) borderline personality
C) multiple personality
D) major depression

Question 40

The rate of severe depression is ________________ greater in women than in men.

A) one to two times
B) two to three times
C) two to four times
D) three to four times

Question 41

The prognosis (outcome) for people with schizophrenia is ____ in nonindustrialized countries as/than in industrialized countries.

A) higher
B) lower
C) the same
D) twice as severe

Question 42

Culture-general symptoms of depression include all EXCEPT _____.

A) frequent, intense, sad affect
B) lack of energy
C) poor concentration
D) increased concentration

Question 43

Which of the following disorders consists of wild, out-of-control behaviors in which a person is likely to injure themselves or others?

A) Koro
B) running amok
C) possession by the Zar
D) brain fog

Question 44

Which of the following disorders consists of mutism, involuntary movement, and incomprehensible language?

A) Koro
B) ataque de nervios
C) possession by the Zar
D) brain fog

Question 45

Define abnormal behavior, describe the four common standards for identifying abnormal behavior, and (1) state an example for each standard that illustrates an abnormal behavior and (2) state or exemplify a limitation of the standard.

Question 46

Describe the historical highlights regarding the causes and treatment of abnormal behavior from the Stone Age to modern times. Include descriptions of the medical model and psychiatry's as well as psychology's approach to mental illness.

Question 47

Describe the purpose, organization, and limitations of the DSM system for classifying mental disorders. Include an example for each of the DSM's five axes.

Question 48

Describe the major classes of psychological disorders, their symptoms, and an example of a disorder that falls under each category.

Question 49

Create a case history for a patient suffering from one of the anxiety disorders described in your text, including a complete list of symptoms. Differentiate the anxiety disorder your patient has from the other anxiety disorders by listing essential symptoms that are not present in your patient's history.

Question 50

Discuss the possible biological and psychosocial causes of anxiety disorders.

Question 51

Compare the two major mood disorders. Discuss the possible biological and psychosocial causes of these disorders.

Question 52

Define schizophrenia and describe its five characteristic symptoms, providing an example of each one. List the different types of schizophrenia and how they differ in their symptoms.

Question 53

Identify the common characteristic and cause for all dissociative disorders. Contrast symptoms of the various types of dissociative disorders. Briefly describe the controversy that surrounds DID.

Question 54

State the essential characteristic for all personality disorders, and describe the characteristics and causes of antisocial and borderline personality disorders.

Question 55

Give examples of how gender and culture affect abnormal behavior. Provide several examples of culture-bound versus culture general symptoms, as well as some disorders that are specific to only certain cultures.