Deck 24: Vertebrates and Plant Form

Question 1

You are given a sample of plant tissue and asked to identify the type of tissue and its location in the plant. Using your microscope, you notice two distinct layers of cells. One layer contains cells that are tightly compacted together while the other layer has loosely arranged cells. The cells in both layers contain many chloroplasts. Based on this information, you determine the tissue is

A) mesophyll tissue from a leaf.
B) ground tissue from a stem.
C) vascular tissue from a leaf.
D) mesophyll tissue from a stem.
E) vascular tissue from a root.

Answer 1

mesophyll tissue from a leaf.

Question 2

You are asked to determine if a tissue sample taken from a plant stem comes from a monocot or eudicot. How will you accomplish this?

A) Look at the ground tissue to see if it is arranged in concentric rings or in parallel bundles.
B) Examine the vascular cambium and determine if it is divided into segments or is continuous throughout the stem.
C) Determine if the xylem and phloem are located in separate vascular bundles or are bundled together.
D) Examine the epidermis and determine the depth of the cuticle layer.
E) Locate the vascular bundles and analyze their pattern.

Answer 2

Locate the vascular bundles and analyze their pattern.

Question 3

You are doing research on rodent populations in a cornfield at night and are hearing popping noises. Your research assistant is getting scared. Having taken biology, you can explain to your assistant that the popping sound is due to

A) the apical meristem cells in the corn stalks elongating.
B) the developing of the kernels of corn on the ears of the corn stalks.
C) the expansion of the lateral meristems increasing the girth of the corn stalk.
D) the growth of the intercalary meristems inside the corn stalk.
E) the development of the tassels on top of the corn stalk.

Answer 3

the growth of the intercalary meristems inside the corn stalk.

Question 4

A friend who is not a biologist tells you that she grows irises from iris roots. You explain to her that the "root" she is planting is not a root, but instead is called a rhizome. "Why?" she asked. You explain:

A) "A root grows vertically, not horizontally."
B) "A rhizome has nodes and internodes and is really a modified stem that can exist underground."
C) "A root stores nutrients, but rhizomes are underground stems that do not store nutrients."
D) "A rhizome, although a modified stem, acts as a root does. In other words a rhizome is a stem-root combination."
E) "A rhizome is a modified root that is able to grow leaves."

Question 5

Which statement about secondary growth in plants is correct? Select all that apply.

A) Secondary growth in plants is a result of lateral meristems. Trees and shrubs have active lateral meristems.
B) Secondary growth in plants increases the girth (diameter) of woody plants.
C) Secondary growth in woody plants results from two cylinders of actively dividing cells, the cork cambium and vascular cambium.
D) The cork cambium produces secondary phloem while the vascular cambium produces secondary xylem.
E) Only some plants have secondary growth.

Question 6

Mesophyll tissue is part of the root system of a plant.

Question 7

The breast meat in the bucket of delicious fried chicken is responsible for

A) running.
B) jumping.
C) swimming.
D) feeding.
E) flying.

Question 8

The major diversification of fishes occured in the Devonian period, since that time fish have changed little.

Question 9

Whales have truly large body sizes. The only invertebrates that attain body sizes much larger than humans are giant squids. What feature do whales and giant squids share that allow them to attain such large sizes?

A) Internal skeletons
B) Endothermy
C) Large brains
D) Highly efficient gills

Question 10

If a boy falls off a swing and breaks his arm it will heal, however if a dragonfly breaks a wing it cannot be repaired. What explains the difference?

A) The chitin in the boy is a flexible form that can be repaired.
B) Dragonfly wings are made of a rigid form of collagen.
C) Bone contains living cells, chitin is acellular.
D) Bones are only repairable in children.

Question 11

If a rat had a terminal anus, where would it be located?

A) It would use a single opening as a mouth and anus.
B) Rats have a terminal anus and it is located in its usual position.
C) The anus would be at the tip of its tail.
D) The digestive system would be U-shaped with the anus near the mouth.

Question 12

Why could a biologist mistake a tunicate for a member of the plants or algae?

A) It has photosynthetic symbionts.
B) Tunicates are sessile.
C) Tunicates filter feed.
D) The tunic of a tunicate is composed of cellulose.

Question 13

The invasion of the land by amphibians posed a number of challenges requiring evolutionary innovations. Which one of the following does not match a challenge with an adaptation found in ampihibans that meets that challenge?

A) The force of gravity was greater without water's buoying effect-evolution of well-muscled legs.
B) The force of gravity was greater without water's buoying effect-evolution of lungs and cutaneous respiration.
C) Additional O₂ needed for larger muscles-three-chambered heart and pulmonary circuit.
D) Eggs dry out in terrestrial environment-evolution of amniotic egg.
E) Less O₂ available in air versus water-evolution of lungs and cutaneous respiration.