Deck 23: Animal Diversity

Question 1

Predict why a box jelly can eat fish while a sponge can only consume bacteria and other microscopic organic matter?

A) Box jellies use intracellular digestion.
B) Sponges lack venom in their stinging cells.
C) Box jellies start digestion in their gastrovascular cavity.
D) Sponges are too small to consume large prey items.

Answer 1

Box jellies start digestion in their gastrovascular cavity.

Question 2

A researcher wanted to determine if a sample of DNA belonged to an animal. What gene would provide evidence that the DNA came from an animal cell?

A) Gene for ATP synthase
B) Gene encoding the rubisco enzyme
C) Genes for collagen
D) Genes that initiate mitosis
E) Genes for chitin cell walls

Answer 2

Genes for collagen

Question 3

Animals are thought to have descended from choanoflagellate protists. Which poriferan cell type lends evidence to this claim?

A) Gamete
B) Choanocyte
C) Spicule
D) Amoebocyte

Answer 3

Choanocyte

Question 4

Sea urchins and jellyfish are both radially symmetrical, but sea urchins and humans are much more closely related than sea urchins and jellyfish. Why is this true?

A) Humans are radially symmetrical during most of their embryonic development.
B) Sea urchins have bilaterally symmetrical larvae and exhibit radial cleavage.
C) Jellyfish have bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic larvae.
D) Humans are descendents of sea urchins not jellyfish.

Question 5

Is the group "invertebrates" a valid monophyletic group?

A) Yes, because it includes all organisms without backbones.
B) No, because the common ancestor to all the invertebrates is also an ancestor of the vertebrates.
C) Yes, because only vertebrates are deuterostomes.
D) No, because most animals are vertebrates.

Question 6

Can a blue crab find its identical twin?

A) No, spiral cleavage is determinate.
B) Yes, crab larvae reproduce via mitosis.
C) Yes, the separation of embryonic cells is rare but not lethal.
D) No, arthropods are deuterostomes and twinning only occurs in protostomes.

Question 7

Why are parasites so difficult to classify based on morphology only?

A) Parasites are so small that they are hard to study.
B) Convergent evolution often occurs due to the constraints of the parasitic lifestyle.
C) Fully parasitic animals are all members of the same phylum.
D) Parasitic animals are unicellular and have lost many of the typical animal features.

Question 8

Of the following combination of statements about protostomes and deuterostomes, which choice is correct?

A) Protostomes are animals in which the mouth develops from the blastopore, and the anus or anal pore develops from the second opening. Deuterostomes are animals in which the anus develops from the blastopore and the mouth develops secondarily later in their development.
B) Protostomes are animals in which the anus develops from the blastopore, and the mouth develops from the second opening. Deuterostomes are animals in which the anus develops from the blastopore and the mouth develops secondarily later in their development.
C) Protostomes are animals in which the mouth develops from the blastopore, and the anus or anal pore develops from the second opening. Deuterostomes are animals in which the mouth develops from the blastopore and the anus develops secondarily later in their development.
D) Protostomes are animals in which the mouth or anus develops from the blastopore, depending on the species. Deuterostomes are animals in which the mouth and anus develops from the blastopore, depending on the species.

Question 9

Pinworm is spread by contact, and the worms cause severe itching around the anus. Why is it so common?

A) The intense itch produces an intense desire to scratch.
B) Sometime people don't wash their hands after scratching their peri-anal region.
C) Insect vectors spread the disease.
D) The eggs end up in the soil.