Deck 22: Plants and Fungi

Question 1

Stomata are used by plants to facilitate gas exchange. Why are they absent in charophytes?

A) Gasses freely diffuse through uncoated charophyte tissues.
B) Charophytes use organic acids as a carbon source.
C) They are present in charophytes but have been reduced to a vestigial state.
D) Stomata are an exclusively aquatic adaptation.

Answer 1

Gasses freely diffuse through uncoated charophyte tissues.

Question 2

A bryologist (a scientist that studies mosses, and their allies) gives a lecture to your biology class. In her lecture, she makes a reference to fern reproduction. She says, "Fern spores germinate into ____."

A) gametophytes, which are often heart-shaped and have rhizoids that anchor the fern to the substrate
B) gametophytes, which are often heart-shaped and have roots that anchor the fern to the substrate
C) sporophytes, which are often heart-shaped and have rhizoids that anchor the fern to the substrate
D) sporophytes, which are often heart-shaped and have roots that anchor the fern to the substrate

Answer 2

gametophytes, which are often heart-shaped and have rhizoids that anchor the fern to the substrate

Question 3

Chemical X is a hydrophilic germination inhibitor. What would be the advantage of having this chemical in the seed coat?

A) The chemical would speed up germination.
B) The chemical would allow for germination when there was sufficient levels of moisture in the soil.
C) The chemical would absorb nutrients from the soil.
D) The chemical would store water in the seed.

Answer 3

The chemical would allow for germination when there was sufficient levels of moisture in the soil.

Question 4

In flowering plants, after fertilization the zygote continuously develops until the seed germinates.

Question 5

Why do bees visit flowers?

A) To transfer pollen to the carpel
B) To maintain a healthy flower population
C) To help the plant reproduce
D) To collect food and feed it to their larvae

Question 6

A mutation prevents division of the generative cell in a flowering plant. Where would this mutation most likely manifest itself?

A) Anther
B) Ovule
C) Ovary
D) Style

Question 7

All members of the Anthophyta have

A) nectaries.
B) animal pollinators.
C) scented flowers.
D) fleshy fruits for dispersal.
E) ovules enclosed in carpels.

Question 8

Welwitschia has vessel elements and is insect pollinated but it has seeds on cones and megaspores that are partially exposed. Although it is classed as a gymnosperm some of the above features are found among the

A) Anthophyta.
B) Pterophyta.
C) Hepaticophyta.
D) Bryophyta.

Question 9

Based on the number of species, the most successful extant phylum of plants is the

A) Anthophyta.
B) Coniferophyta.
C) Pterophyta.
D) Gnetophyta.
E) Charophyta.
F) Hepaticophyta.

Question 10

Many antibacterial antibiotics interfere with protein synthesis. Why would these not be a good target for antifungal drugs?

A) Fungi produce few proteins.
B) Fungi can rapidly metabolize drugs.
C) Chitin cell walls prevent uptake of drugs.
D) Human and fungal ribosomes are extremely similar to each other.
E) Fungi absorb proteins during decomposition of organic matter.

Question 11

Primary mycelia contain twice as much DNA as secondary mycelia.

Question 12

The body of a fungus has several characteristics. One of these is their hyphae, long chains of cells. Which of the following statements best describes what septa and cross walls are?

A) Septa of the cross walls are formed on the outside of fungal cells and give the fungal body more rigidity.
B) Septa form cross walls between the long chains of cells that make up hyphae.
C) The cross wall within the nuclear membrane of every fungal body forms septa.
D) Spores of fungi that are formed within reproductive structures have cross walls separated by septa.
E) Cross walls are responsible for the formation of spindle plaques within the hyphae after the septa are produced.

Question 13

A mycologist visits your biology class and discusses her research on a particular fungus that lives on the bark of damaged spruce trees. She explains that the fungal hyphae of her research organism is heterokaryotic. You raise your hand and request that she define that word. Her correct response is

A) heterokaryotic means that the nuclei of the fungal hyphae are genetically the same.
B) heterokaryotic means that the nuclei of each compartment of the hyphae are genetically distinct.
C) heterokaryotic means that each compartment of the hyphae contain two distinct nuclei.
D) heterokaryotic means that each compartment of the hyphae contains only one nucleus.