Deck 4: Cell Structure

Question 1

Many antibiotics selectively kill bacteria and not mammalian cells because they block synthesis of the _______.

A) nucleus
B) cytoskeleton
C) cytoplasm
D) cell wall
E) plasma membrane

Answer 1

cell wall

Question 2

Antibiotics that block the synthesis of a cell wall would be least likely to affect cells from which organisms?

A) fungi
B) plants
C) archaea
D) animals
E) bacteria

Answer 2

animals

Question 3

If you added a drug to a suspension of bacteria that inhibited their flagella they would not be able to _____

A) move.
B) make proteins.
C) eat.
D) reproduce.
E) respire.

Answer 3

move.

Question 4

If you put plant cells in a hypotonic solution they swell up. The water entering the plant cell will be found primarily in the

A) nucleus.
B) Golgi body.
C) central vacuole.
D) centriole.
E) chloroplast.

Question 5

As a plant cell grows a new cell wall the secondary wall forms:

A) between the primary cell wall and plasma membrane.
B) inside of the plasma membrane.
C) in the middle lamella
D) outside of the primary cell wall.
E) in the cytoplasm

Question 6

Cells that produce a lot of lipids for membranes would have an enlarged

A) nucleus.
B) smooth ER.
C) Golgi body.
D) mitochondrion.
E) rough ER.

Question 7

A team of researchers is studying the external structures on the dorsal (back) surface of a spider mite. The spider mite seems to be the habitat of an even smaller mite, which is approximately 0.05mm. While they can see the dorsal surface of the spider mite with their naked eye, they cannot see the mite clearly. The researchers are writing a grant to provide support for a microscope to use to study these new mites. They need to purchase a microscope with a high magnification to observe the new mites on their habitat. It is not necessary for them to observe living mites. Based on the information given, what type of microscope would you suggest?

A) scanning electron microscope
B) transmission electron microscope
C) dissecting microscope
D) binocular compound light microscope

Question 8

A cytologist is examining a tissue under an electron microscope. He notices that the endoplasmic reticulum of each cell is extremely rough in appearance and he knows that the rough appearance is because of the ribosomes embedded there. He asks why there are so many ribosomes. You respond,

A) "This tissue exports lipids and is very involved with mRNA production."
B) "This tissue exports proteins to other areas of the body."
C) "This tissue exports various nucleic acids, hence the large number of ribosomes present on the endoplasmic reticulum in each of those cells."

Question 9

A protein that is destined to reach the plasma membrane is making its way through the Golgi. At that moment, a drug was added to cells, blocking trafficking at the trans face of the Golgi. As a result, what would happen to the protein?

A) The protein would continue on to the cell surface.
B) The protein would be stuck in the Golgi.
C) The protein would return to the ER via the cis face of the Golgi.
D) The protein would exit the Golgi, but instead be targeted to the cytoplasm.

Question 10

If the function of centrioles was impaired in a cell, it could not:

A) produce lysosomes.
B) conduct photosynthesis.
C) make ATP.
D) synthesize proteins.
E) divide.

Question 11

Cardiac muscle has prolonged contraction due to a sodium induced-calcium released process into the cytoplasm of the cell. Cardiac cells can communicate through pore-like channels between cells. List the junction and the organelle involved in cardiac muscle contraction?

A) Adherens; Rough ER
B) Gap; Golgi apparatus
C) Gap; Smooth ER
D) Gap; Rough ER
E) Adherens; Smooth ER
F) Adherens; Golgi apparatus