Deck 7: Alcohol

Question 1

The class of organic compounds that contains one or more hydroxyl groups attached to carbons is referred to as: Examples include ethanol, glycerol, and methanol.

A) glycerin
B) alcohol or ethanol
C) sorbitol
D) maliltol or malol

Answer 1

alcohol or ethanol

Question 2

The specific type of alcohol which is found in alcoholic beverages (wine, beer, and liquor) is called

A) glycerol.
B) ethanol.
C) methanol.
D) ethanolol.

Answer 2

ethanol.

Question 3

Methanol is used in industrial compounds such as

A) methyl alcohol.
B) food.
C) methane.
D) fuel.

Answer 3

fuel.

Question 4

The single- celled organisms that are needed to metabolize glucose into ethanol and carbon dioxide are

A) harmful bacteria.
B) yeast.
C) beneficial bacteria.
D) fungi.

Question 5

Fermentation of the glucose and fructose in grapes and other fruits produces

A) beer.
B) rum.
C) wine.
D) vodka.

Question 6

Malted cereal grains such as barley produce

A) beer.
B) wine.
C) rum.
D) vodka.

Question 7

Vodka production begins with potatoes or grains, and production of rum begins with

A) sorbitol.
B) oatmeal.
C) sugar alcohol.
D) sugarcane juice.

Question 8

During beer production, the dried flowers of a plant which add flavor and antibacterial properties are called

A) fungi.
B) hops.
C) yeast.
D) hibiscus.

Question 9

After fermentation, the alcoholic liquids are heated, causing the ethanol to vaporize. The vapor is collected, cooled, and condensed into a concentrated beverage called liquor or distilled spirits. This process is called

A) distillation.
B) fermentation 2.
C) evaporation.
D) alcohol kilocalorie generation.

Question 10

Vodka which is labelled 80 proof contains __________percent alcohol.

A) 40
B) 400
C) 14
D) 4

Question 11

Because alcohol contains kilocalories, excessive consumption may lead to

A) maintenance of vital body functions.
B) increased absorption of the water- soluble vitamins.
C) increased absorption of the B vitamins.
D) overweight.

Question 12

Alcohol is unlike fat and carbohydrates because it does not contain

A) oxygen.
B) nutrients.
C) carbon.
D) hydrogen.

Question 13

The amount of alcohol that puts the individual and others at the lowest risk of alcohol- related problems is defined as

A) social drinking.
B) binge drinking.
C) moderation.
D) underage drinking.

Question 14

The alcohol guideline for moderation is defined as one drink per day for women and up to two drinks a day for men in

A) social drinking.
B) Ireland.
C) the United States.
D) the Roman Catholic church.

Question 15

The universal ingredient in the production of all alcoholic beverages at some point in the fermentation process is

A) fungus.
B) beneficial bacteria.
C) yeast.
D) probiotics.

Question 16

An individual who limits both the size of drinks and the frequency of drinking is described as

A) a moderate drinker.
B) a binge drinker.
C) an Alcoholics Anonymous participant.
D) a social drinker.

Question 17

Alcohol functions to

A) relax the mind.
B) relax the voluntary body functions.
C) relax the involuntary body functions.
D) relax the muscles.

Question 18

Oliver typically drinks excessive quantities in a short amount of time. He would be classified as a

A) a social drinker.
B) an alcoholic who "banks."
C) a binge drinker.
D) a moderate drinker.

Question 19

If a drink contains 1?2 ounce of alcohol, the amount in a typical 12- ounce bottle of beer, a shot of liquor, or a 5- ounce glass of wine, the drink is referred to as

A) standard shot.
B) standard drink.
C) shot.
D) boost.

Question 20

Mary and her best friend abstain from alcohol on weekdays so that they can have 10 beers on Saturday night. This practice is referred to as

A) banking.
B) moderate drinking.
C) binge drinking.
D) social drinking.

Question 21

Mixed drinks also often contain

A) more than one sugar source.
B) more than one source of alcohol.
C) a chaser and liquor.
D) more than one standard drink.

Question 22

Compared to beer, an individual is more likely to get drunk if they have consumed

A) mixed drinks because they usually contain more than one standard drink.
B) drinks which include carbonated beverages.
C) binge drinks.
D) sugar- sweetened drinks.

Question 23

Alcoholics Anonymous offers__________for recovering alcoholics.

A) support groups
B) one- to- one counseling
C) family counseling
D) online support

Question 24

About 20% of alcohol is absorbed by simple diffusion into the bloodstream through the

A) liver.
B) mouth.
C) duodenum.
D) stomach.

Question 25

Although gender, age, ethnicity, and the amount of alcohol consumed all affect how quickly alcohol is absorbed, one controllable factor is

A) the amount of food in the stomach at the time of drinking.
B) race.
C) family history of alcoholism.
D) the amount of food mass in the rectum.

Question 26

If food is in the stomach, when alcohol arrives there, the food blocks the alcohol from the stomach wall and this blocking action__________the amount of alcohol that diffuses through the gastric lining.

A) reduces
B) concentrates
C) increases the pH of
D) increases

Question 27

Since women are more likely to experience alcohol effects than men, it is more important for women to

A) have water the day before drinking.
B) order mixed drinks.
C) have a meal before drinking.
D) have high- fat foods the day before drinking.

Question 28

Fat __________peristalsis, which slows the departure of food from the stomach, and carbohydrates slow the absorption of alcohol through the stomach lining.

A) has no effect on
B) speeds up
C) stops
D) slows down

Question 29

Alcohol problems can be __________through psychological counseling.

A) debated
B) cured
C) made worse
D) treated

Question 30

If a person drinks several glasses of beer with dinner, the alcohol will be absorbed once the stomach

A) receives more water.
B) stops producing hydrochloric acid.
C) stops peristalsis.
D) starts emptying.

Question 31

Where is alcohol absorbed?

A) mouth, and stomach
B) rectum, and anus
C) stomach, and large intestine
D) stomach, and small intestine

Question 32

The enzyme which is found in the stomach and the liver, that converts ethanol to acetaldehyde is called

A) gastrase.
B) alcohol livase.
C) acetaldehyde dehydrogenase.
D) alcohol dehydrogenase.

Question 33

The majority of alcohol is metabolized by the

A) liver.
B) skin.
C) lungs.
D) mouth.

Question 34

Most of the alcohol which has been consumed is absorbed in the

A) small intestine.
B) lungs.
C) large intestine.
D) liver.

Question 35

In alcoholics, the body has adjusted to long- term alcohol use by becoming __________to the alcohol, meaning that more alcohol needs to be consumed in order to get the same euphoric effect that was experienced in the beginning.

A) tolerant- sensitive
B) intolerant- sensitive
C) less sensitive
D) more sensitive

Question 36

The microsomes in the __________rapidly break down ethanol to acetyl CoA through either the alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) pathway or the microsomal enzyme oxidizing system (MEOS).

A) liver
B) stomach
C) lungs
D) duodenum

Question 37

The amount of alcohol in the blood which is the

A) MEOS.
B) BAC.
C) ABC.
D) ADH.

Question 38

Since women have about 20-30 percent less __________secreted from their gastric mucosa than men, so more ethanol enters the blood through a female's gastric lining.

A) ALDH
B) ADH
C) MEOS
D) BAC

Question 39

A hypothetical group of female students, who all have the same weight have been drinking the same amount of alcohol. Who is more likely to feel alcohol effects sooner? The student who is

A) Hispanic or Asian American.
B) African American.
C) male students.
D) Caucasian.

Question 40

Two Caucasian students-- one male and one female student-- both have the same weight and have been drinking the same amount of alcohol. Who is more likely to feel alcohol effects sooner? The student who is

A) female.
B) male.
C) mixed race.
D) young.

Question 41

The MEOS system begins to function when too much alcohol is consumed and overwhelms alcohol dehydrogenase.

Question 42

Alcohol is metabolized in the liver by two enzyme systems.

Question 43

A blackout is amnesia for events that occurred while a person was intoxicated.

Question 44

A person who has passed out after drinking should never be left to "sleep it off, someone needs to intervene and call 9- 1- 1 immediately.

Question 45

Excessive quantities of alcohol can shut down the reticular activating system, causing loss of consciousness. This reaction to excessive alcohol intake is beneficial in that it prevents further drinking.

Question 46

The state in which the BAC rises to the point that a person's central nervous system is affected and his or her breathing and heart rate are interrupted is called tolerance.

Question 47

Alcohol poisoning often leads to vomiting because the high BAC depresses the gag reflex which prevents choking.

Question 48

The best way to handle a hangover is to have a caffeine- containing beverage.

Question 49

Taking acetaminophen (Tylenol) during and after alcohol consumption, when the alcohol is being metabolized, has been shown to intensify the pain reliever's toxicity to the liver and may cause severe liver damage.

Question 50

Alcohol poisoning can be fatal.

Question 51

Congeners are compounds which are produced during fermentation. Although they contribute to the taste and appearance of the drink, they make hangover symptoms more severe.

Question 52

Dehydration, thirst, lightheadedness, dizziness, and weakness are symptoms of excessive alcohol tolerance.

Question 53

The only cure for a hangover is time.

Question 54

Although alcohol is a depressant, it also relaxes the drinker.

Question 55

Immediate consequences of chronic excessive alcohol consumption can include damage to the digestive organs, heart, and liver; malnutrition and weight gain; hormone imbalances; increased risk of cancer and heart disease, depression, and irreversible damage to a developing fetus during pregnancy.

Question 56

Excessive alcohol consumption is not likely to lead to weight gain because there are two metabolic systems which can be used to digest and absorb alcohol.

Question 57

Individuals with alcoholic liver disease can experience a fatty liver and deterioration of the liver that develops into alcohol- related hepatitis and cirrhosis.

Question 58

Damage to the fetus of a pregnant Mom who consumes alcohol can be reversed by eating right.

Question 59

The proven, safe amount of alcohol a pregnant woman can consume is one alcoholic beverage that contains no congeners.

Question 60

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is the pattern of alcohol intake characterized by lack of control over drinking; preoccupation with drinking; continuation of drinking despite negative consequences; tolerance; or withdrawal symptoms when drinking is discontinued.

Question 61

Alcohol use disorder includes alcohol abuse and alcoholism.

Question 62

Alcoholism is a disease which is characterized by cravings, tolerance, lack of control, and withdrawal symptoms.

Question 63

Binge drinking and underage drinking are common forms of alcohol abuse on college campuses.

Question 64

To minimize alcohol metabolism, consume alcohol on an empty stomach.

Question 65

For persons who wish to moderate alcohol intake, their first drink at a party should be a glass of water.

Question 66

Alcoholism cannot be cured but it can be treated with help from psychologists and physicians.

Question 67

Underage drinkers are more likely to miss classes, have hangovers, and experience potentially fatal unintentional injuries such as falling, motor vehicle accidents, and drowning.

Question 68

Alcohol is involved in over 70 percent of the reported rapes of women on college campuses.

Question 69

Emily started drinking at age 15; so she is more likely to suffer from alcoholism than her sister who started drinking at age 21.

Question 70

Hypertension, heart attack, sexually transmitted infection are linked to underage drinking.

Question 71

The progressive effects of chronic alcohol consumption lead to changes in personality and multiple body systems.

Question 72

Secular Anonymous has been invaluable to alcoholics on the road to recovery.

Question 73

Few U.S. colleges and universities support students in recovery from alcohol addiction.

Question 74

Alcoholics Anonymous offers one- to- one counseling from physicians and psychologists.

Question 75

Most recovering alcoholics are able to limit themselves to one alcoholic beverage every day as long as they develop a system of rewards for meeting the goal of one beverage every day.

Question 76

What are the four classical symptoms of alcoholism?

Question 77

How can alcohol abusers be helped?

Question 78

Describe how alcohol is metabolized.

Question 79

Describe how alcohol is different to macronutrients.

Question 80

What is the daily recommendation for alcohol?