Deck 20: The Rise of an Urban Order

Question 1

Before the 1880s, most immigrants came from ________; after the 1880s, most immigrants came from
________.

A) the European continent; the British Isles
B) Ireland; Scandinavia
C) northern and western Europe; southern and eastern Europe
D) Europe; Latin America

Answer 1

northern and western Europe; southern and eastern Europe

Question 2

Major religious responses to the plight of the urban poor included all of the following EXCEPT

A) efforts to restrict immigration.
B) revival meetings that called individuals to repentance and conversion from sin.
C) missions to the city providing food and shelter to the needy.
D) calls for Protestant Christians to tolerate other religions in a pluralistic society.

Answer 2

calls for Protestant Christians to tolerate other religions in a pluralistic society.

Question 3

Which of the following was seen as a result of the "corrupting influence of city life on manhood" by some onlookers of this period?

A) timidity
B) "barbarian virtues"
C) sports cults
D) muscle display performances

Answer 3

timidity

Question 4

How did women's colleges respond to Dr. Edward Clarke's assertion that the rigors of a college education could lead the "weaker sex" to physical or mental collapse, infertility, and early death?

A) They accepted only "new women" who were more likely to already be physically fit.
B) They implemented programs of physical activity to keep students healthy.
C) Most colleges realized the problem was not women's health per se, but their restrictive dress, so they . changed the dress code to require lighter, more comfortable clothes.
D) All these answers are correct.

Question 5

Which of the following statements best describes the typical pattern of immigrant life?

A) Stripped of their religious and linguistic identity, immigrants dispersed into the general population mix
of the city, rapidly assimilating into their adopted homeland.
B) Hostile to Anglo-Saxon ways, immigrants crowded together in "foreign quarters,"embracing each
other's cultural contributions while resisting assimilation.
C) Clustered into ever-changing neighborhoods in the cities, with a church or synagogue at the center,
ethnic communities both preserved Old World flavor and eased the transition to an Americanized culture.
D) Shaped by their rural peasant backgrounds, European immigrant men married quickly and bought a farm as soon as they could.

Question 6

In which of the following entertainments would one most likely find a factory worker or miner engaged?

A) booing at a villain in a melodrama
B) drinking in a saloon
C) attending a vaudeville show
D) dancing in a dance hall

Question 7

Particular source regions of immigrants dominated at particular times over the course of the successive waves of immigration to the United States; in the 1880s, "new"
immigrants began to arrive from southern and eastern ________.

Question 8

The most notorious of the corrupt city politicians who ultimately died in prison was New York's Boss
________.

Question 9

Sports had been a traditional form of recreation for the rich; but, because it required less skill and equipment, ________ had more middle-class appeal.

Question 10

What brought about the modern city, and what factors accounted for the urban explosion of the late nineteenth century?

Question 11

Who were the "new"immigrants and how did they differ from "old"immigrants?

Question 12

Describe immigrant life in the city.

Question 13

What geographic look did modern cities take, and how did they continue to function as they grew to enormous size?

Question 14

Describe the origins and functioning of boss rule.

Question 15

What were the "Social Gospel"
and the settlement house?

Question 16

What does the term "Victorian"
mean, and how did it affect the development of urban middle-class life?

Question 17

What roles did education perform in the late nineteenth century?

Question 18

What was the impact of city life on women and African Americans?

Question 19

To what extent were the "new"
immigrants pushed out of their native countries or "pulled"
to America? Why did so many return to their native countries, and why were Jews the major exception to this trend?

Question 20

Why did well-defined ethnic communities develop in American cities? What factors explain the relatively quick pace of assimilation among the children of immigrants?

Question 21

How did some urban housing reforms of the late nineteenth century eventually add to urban blight?

Question 22

In what sense did boss rule revolutionize city government? What was the price paid for the boss system? Do you think the costs were worth the benefits?

Question 23

How did mass consumption practices and mass entertainment activities help to tie the nation together in the late nineteenth century?