Deck 8: Alcohol and Other Drugs

Question 1

Drugs are used for both therapeutic and recreational purposes.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Drug abuse and drug addiction are virtually synonymous terms.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Drug tolerance refers to a psychological and/or physiological need for a drug to maintain a sense of well-being and avoid withdrawal symptoms.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Despite the effects alcohol may have on an individual, many do not consider alcohol as a drug.

Question 5

Alcohol consumption in the U.S. has been increasing across lines of class, gender, race, and age over the past two decades.

Question 6

Codependency refers to the likelihood that family members of an addict will also become addicted.

Question 7

Even people who never light up a cigarette are harmed by environmental tobacco smoke.

Question 8

Functionalists believe that licit and illicit drugs serve important functions in societies.

Question 9

Conflict theorists believe that early Chinese and Mexican immigrants popularized the use of drugs such as marijuana, cocaine, and heroin in the United States.

Question 10

In regard to drugs, the text states that

A) food and water are considered to be drugs when they alter the body's functioning in some way.
B) therapeutic use of drugs includes alcohol and tobacco consumption.
C) drug abuse includes both licit and illicit drugs.
D) heroin and cocaine are licit drugs used for recreational purposes.

Question 11

According to the text, drug abuse is

A) inappropriate, excessive use of a drug resulting in physical, mental, or social impairment.
B) inappropriate, moderate use of a drug resulting in physical, mental, or social impairment.
C) recreational, moderate use of a drug resulting in physical, mental, or social euphoria.
D) recreational, excessive use of a drug resulting in physical, mental, or social euphoria.

Question 12

In regard to social class and alcohol consumption, the text notes that

A) few class differences are apparent in the consumption of various alcoholic beverages.
B) the relationship between social class and rates of alcohol abuse is not clear.
C) because of their high-profile lifestyle, affluent people are more visible than lower-income people to the public when they consume too much alcohol.
D) studies have conclusively shown that lower-class people are heavier drinkers than people in the middle and upper classes.

Question 13

Studies show that moderate alcohol consumption

A) is linked to cardiovascular problems.
B) affects blood glucose levels and may lead to adult-onset diabetes.
C) might improve body circulation, lower cholesterol levels, and reduce the risk of heart disease.
D) is a precursor to alcohol addiction.

Question 14

In most states, driving while intoxicated (DWI) or driving under the influence (DUI) requires a minimum blood alcohol concentration of

A) .03.
B) .08.
C) 1.2.
D) 2.0.

Question 15

According to the text, nicotine is more addictive than

A) alcohol.
B) prescription drugs.
C) heroin.
D) marijuana.

Question 16

According to the text, nicotine is widely used because

A) it creates a high level of independence and makes people feel good about themselves.
B) tobacco manufacturers have engaged in highly sophisticated marketing campaigns that downplay the perils of smoking.
C) other drugs are not readily available for most people.
D) it provides widespread benefits for many people with diseases and disabilities.

Question 17

Prescription drug use

A) increases with advancing age.
B) is most seen in Mexican Americans.
C) is increasingly easy to access because of lowering costs.
D) is decreasing on the whole.

Question 18

Concerning Prozac, the text notes that

A) Prozac is not approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
B) the long-term side effects of the drug are well-known.
C) a decreased risk of suicidal thinking and behavior in children is evident.
D) 4.5 million prescriptions are filled annually.

Question 19

Abuse of over-the-counter (OTC) drugs

A) prevails among the elderly.
B) is perhaps most common among young teens.
C) has not shown any link to suicide risks.
D) typically occurs with sleep aids.

Question 20

Which of the following statements is correct regarding caffeine?

A) Most people do not realize that caffeine is a relatively dangerous drug.
B) Caffeine does not produce dependency even though it is a stimulant.
C) Most people ingest caffeine to relax and calm their nerves.
D) Long-term effects of heavy caffeine use include increased risk of heart attack and osteoporosis.

Question 21

Marijuana will continue to raise concern, particularly among younger users, because

A) marijuana has been linked to cancer.
B) most marijuana addicts are teenagers.
C) the amount of perceived risk that young people associate with marijuana has risen.
D) it has been considered a "gateway drug."

Question 22

According to the text, cocaine was introduced to the U.S.

A) as an anesthetic and mood enhancer.
B) in two forms: powder and crack.
C) by the Coca-Cola company.
D) as an alternative to coffee.

Question 23

According to some studies concerning cocaine abuse,

A) most users are in their forties.
B) more females than males abuse cocaine.
C) more males than females abuse cocaine.
D) most crack offenders are white.

Question 24

Diet pills and pep formulas often contain

A) nicotine.
B) amphetamines.
C) barbiturates.
D) methamphetamines.

Question 25

Regarding methamphetamine use,

A) the number of users had decreased.
B) methamphetamines produce a weaker effect on the body than amphetamines do.
C) has no legal prescribed uses.
D) is not linked to depressant abuse.

Question 26

Potentation refers to

A) the interaction that takes place when two drugs are mixed together to produce greater effects on the body.
B) the occurrence by which larger doses of a drug are required over time to produce the same physical or psychological effect originally achieved by a smaller dose.
C) a variety of physical and psychological symptoms that habitual drug users experience when they discontinue drug use.
D) a reciprocal relationship between an addict and one or more nonaddicts who unwittingly aid and abet the addict's drug use and resulting behavior.

Question 27

The most widely abused narcotic is

A) morphine.
B) heroin.
C) nicotine.
D) codeine.

Question 28

Sociologists who use a symbolic interactionist framework believe that the "drug problem" could be reduced if

A) more people had greater economic opportunities in society.
B) children did not see members of their families, peer groups, and other people abusing alcohol and other drugs.
C) formal mechanisms of social control were enforced to prohibit people from taking illegal drugs.
D) powerful corporate interests quit encouraging the use of legal drugs such as alcohol, tobacco, and some pharmaceutical products.

Question 29

According to conflict theorists, opium was outlawed in the United States because it was associated with

A) prostitution.
B) Chinese immigration.
C) Mexican immigration.
D) college students.

Question 30

According to the text's definition, a drug

A) changes the human body's processes.
B) is not used for therapeutic purposes.
C) is classified as illicit.
D) encourages abuse and addiction.

Question 31

Drug addiction is

A) the excessive or inappropriate use of a drug, resulting in physical, mental, or social impairment.
B) characterized by tolerance and withdrawal.
C) an accepted part of the dominant culture in the U.S.
D) not related to class, gender, age, or race.

Question 32

Some researchers have found that adolescent drinking is associated with

A) portrayals of teen drinkers on reality shows.
B) deficient grades and emotional upset.
C) poor eating habits.
D) fluctuations in blood sugar levels.

Question 33

The greatest risk of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) occurs during the

A) first trimester.
B) second trimester.
C) third trimester.
D) fourth trimester.

Question 34

Drunk driving accidents have been linked to

A) gender.
B) class.
C) race.
D) age.

Question 35

How is education related to current smokers?

A) The less education a person has, the less likely he/she is to smoke.
B) The more education a person has, the more likely he/she is to smoke.
C) The more education a person has, the less likely he/she is to smoke.
D) Education is not linked to smoking.

Question 36

How does race play a part in prescription drug abuse?

A) Whites abuse prescription drugs more than other racial-ethnic groups.
B) African Americans abuse prescription drugs more than other racial-ethnic groups.
C) Hispanics abuse prescription drugs more than other racial-ethnic groups.
D) Race does not play a part in prescription drug abuse.

Question 37

Judy drinks alcoholic beverages daily. She compulsively hides liquor bottles from her family. She sneaks drinks when she believes no one is watching. Judy seems to have lost control over her drinking behavior. Judy would be considered a

A) heavy drinker.
B) social drinker.
C) chronic alcoholic.
D) acute alcoholic.

Question 38

DeJuan is a college student who initially used a drug that led to his use of cocaine and methamphetamine. Which drug did DeJuan most likely use initially?

A) depressants
B) hallucinogens
C) marijuana
D) alcohol

Question 39

Identify five of the most abused drugs other than alcohol or tobacco in the United States, and note whether each is a prescription drug, over-the-counter drug, stimulant, depressant, narcotic, or hallucinogen.

Question 40

Based on functionalist, conflict, and interactionist perspectives, how might the "drug problem"
be reduced or eliminated in the United States?

Question 41

Describe the current efforts and programs to treat alcohol and drug abuse. Which appears to be most promising and why?

Question 42

Describe the biological, psychological, and sociological explanations of drug use. Describe the strengths and limitations of each. Which approach is most accurate? Justify your choice.

Question 43

Describe the controversy over legalization of marijuana for medical use. Note what you think might be positive or negative outcomes of its legalization.