Deck 14: The Search for Organizational Integration

Question 1

Mary Follett was a great believer in group action.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Follett sought a new society that would be based on the principle of individualism.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Follett's thesis was that "man discovers his true nature, gains his true freedom only through the group."

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Relying upon Gestalt psychology, Mary Follett thought that through group experiences individuals could reach a greater release of their own creative powers.

Question 5

Mary Follett approved of collective bargaining as the ideal way to resolve labor-management conflict.

Question 6

The rationale for the law of the situation was based on scientific management in the sense that Taylor's functional management sought obedience to facts determined by study and not based on the will of one person.

Question 7

Follett considered defining an organization's purpose to be the primary task of leadership.

Question 8

Follett felt that the essence of good human relations was creating the feeling of working with someone rather than working under someone.

Question 9

Mary Follett called for a new philosophy of control that was "man-control"
rather than "fact-control,"
and "super-imposed control"
rather than "correlated control."

Question 10

Barnard defined an organization as "a system of consciously coordinated activities or forces of two or more persons."

Question 11

Barnard stressed "the determination of authority remains with the individual."

Question 12

Elton Mayo developed the acceptance theory of authority.

Question 13

Chester Barnard's theory of organization neglected informal groupings of workers.

Question 14

Barnard developed the "zone of indifference"
for each individual within which orders were accepted without questioning authority.

Question 15

Follett's idea of integration is most clearly:

A) solution with compromise
B) compromise without violence
C) both sides give in
D) solution without compromise
E) compromising just a little

Question 16

Follett would say that authority is:

A) formal
B) co-active
C) rational-legal
D) traditional
E) charismatic

Question 17

Sought to depersonalize orders and to shift obedience to the law of the situation.

A) Chester Barnard
B) Mary Follett
C) Elton Mayo
D) F. J. Roethlisberger
E) only C and D above

Question 18

Follett disapproved of_______because it rested on the relative balance of power and inevitably ended in compromise.

A) circular response
B) the law of the situation
C) union management cooperation
D) collective bargaining
E) none of the above

Question 19

According to Follett, the primary leadership task was_______ .

A) organizing the resources of the organization
B) planning the direction of the organization
C) defining an organization's purpose
D) controlling an organization's
E) none of the above

Question 20

According to Mary Follett, control was impossible to achieve without

A) a clearly defined hierarchy of authority
B) strict rules policing the actions of subordinates
C) cooperation among all elements
D) all of the above
E) only A and B

Question 21

Which of the following persons wrote the first in-depth analysis of organizations as cooperative systems?

A) Chester Bernard
B) Kurt Lewin
C) Ralph C. Davis
D) Mary Follett
E) Elton Mayo

Question 22

Concerning Barnard's effective-efficient dichotomy, efficiency was:

A) the degree of integration of goals.
B) a measure of performance regarding meeting corporate goals.
C) using the fewest possible number of executives.
D) a condition that only the individual could determine whether or not it was being met.
E) all of the above.

Question 23

According to Barnard, if cooperation was successful and an organization's goals were attained, then the organization was_______ .

A) efficient
B) effective
C) coordinated
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 24

According to Bernard,_______ was the degree to which individual motives were satisfied and only the individual could determine whether this condition was being met.

A) efficiency
B) effectiveness
C) coordination
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 25

All but one of the following are included in Barnard's elements of the formal organization. Which one?

A) communication
B) maintenance of cohesiveness
C) common purpose
D) willingness to cooperate

Question 26

According to Barnard, the source of authority resides in_______ .

A) acceptance or no acceptance by subordinates
B) persons of authority
C) formal organizational positions
D) communication
E) none of the above

Question 27

Which of the following is not one of Barnard's executive functions?

A) to provide a system of communication
B) to promote the securing of essential personal efforts
C) to formulate and define purpose
D) all of the above are executive functions
E) none of the above are executive functions

Question 28

Which of the following is most likely associated with Chester Barnard?

A) the functions of the executive
B) circular response
C) catharsis
D) group incentive plans
E) span of control

Question 29

Apply Mary Follett's idea of integration to resolve the conflict in some situation you have experienced, or to a labor-management dispute, or to some national or international event. Is an integrated solution possible? Why or why not?

Question 30

What is the "law of the situation"? How would this idea influence leadership? Authority? How is the "situation" defined and by whom?

Question 31

What was the meaning of Barnard's "self-abnegation"? How would you apply this to your personal life? Your work life?

Question 32

Discuss Barnard's views on "moral leadership." Do you agree or disagree with his statement that "a low morality will not sustain leadership long, its influence quickly vanishes."