Deck 12: Religious Minorities

Question 1

The number of religious groups in the United States today numbers __________.

A) under 500
B) about 1,000
C) over 1,500
D) over 2,000

Answer 1

over 1,500

Question 2

How many religious groups in the United States have memberships exceeding one million?

A) 29
B) 83
C) 513
D) 1245

Answer 2

29

Question 3

Which religious group has grown the most vigorously in recent years?

A) Mormons
B) Jehovah's Witnesses
C) Pentecostal Assemblies of God
D) Presbyterians

Answer 3

Pentecostal Assemblies of God

Question 4

According to Miller, Americans are leaving mainstream churches in droves to __________.

A) join cults
B) embrace atheism
C) join nondenominational churches
D) start their own religions

Question 5

What is the largest U.S. denomination?

A) Catholic
B) Baptist
C) Methodist
D) Mormon

Question 6

U.S. Catholics today are __________.

A) less than ten percent of the total population
B) declining in numbers, except for Hispanic immigrant additions
C) more than 50 percent of the total population
D) the largest single religious denomination in the United States

Question 7

U.S. Catholics and Protestants fundamentally differ on the issue of __________.

A) abortion
B) school prayer
C) birth control
D) clerical celibacy

Question 8

Throughout much of the colonial period, U.S. Catholics__________.

A) encountered discriminatory laws in all thirteen colonies
B) faced no discriminatory laws since they were so few in number
C) settled mostly in New England where people were more hospitable
D) dominated Maryland which was their power base at the Constitutional Convention

Question 9

The greatest conflict between Catholics and Protestants was on the subject of __________.

A) tax exemption status
B) education
C) zoning variances for convents
D) Sunday blue laws

Question 10

Achieving economic success, but not public acceptance, is known as__________.

A) social ostracism
B) clannishness
C) parasitic deference
D) consciousness of kind

Question 11

As of 2013, what percentage of legislators in the U.S. congress was Jewish?

A) 5%
B) 14%
C) 23%
D) 43%

Question 12

What strained relations between the "old" Jewish population and the "new" Jewish arrivals?

A) Ethnic and nationalist prejudices
B) Similarity in social class
C) Religious homogeneity
D) Differing family sizes

Question 13

Anti-Jewish stereotypes included characterizing Jews as __________.

A) scoundrels
B) athletes
C) part of an open society
D) accommodating

Question 14

Often accompanying Jewish economic success was __________.

A) social segregation
B) structural assimilation
C) return to their native land
D) social acceptance

Question 15

German Jews were embarrassed by the __________ of the Sephardic Jews.

A) appearance
B) German language
C) unorthodox religious practices
D) cosmopolitanism

Question 16

The fact that __________ contributed to the success of some first and many second-generation Jewish Americans.

A) they brought to America skills useful in an industrial society
B) male immigrants were not burdened with familial commitments
C) they lacked seriousness of purpose
D) they put an emphasis on real world experience over school learning

Question 17

Which of the following was an action the federal government took against Mormons?

A) Use of federal troops to install a non-Mormon governor
B) Higher taxation rates
C) Deportation
D) Removal from political office

Question 18

Mormons forbid __________.

A) eating meat
B) coffee or tea
C) having sex
D) women working

Question 19

Utah is among the top states in the country in__________.

A) divorce rates
B) illiteracy
C) high school dropout rates
D) college graduates

Question 20

In what year did the Mormon church announce that blacks could become priests?

A) 1948
B) 1969
C) 1978
D) 1990

Question 21

In what year did the Mormon church announce that blacks could become priests?

A) 1948
B) 1969
C) 1978
D) 1990

Question 22

Mormon values stress __________.

A) religious exploration
B) family togetherness
C) economic independence
D) independent thinking

Question 23

What primary motivation prompted the Mormons to move westward from New York?

A) Economic opportunity
B) Expulsion
C) Overpopulation
D) Railroad work

Question 24

In 1847, Mormon migration to the Great Salt Lake Valley resulted from __________.

A) the threat of extermination or forced assimilation
B) the lure of gold and silver discoveries
C) the desire to live in a less settled region
D) an avoidance response to the growing slavery issue

Question 25

Which worldwide religion is second to Christianity in membership numbers?

A) Buddhism
B) Hinduism
C) Islam
D) Taoism

Question 26

Islam incorporates many beliefs and practices of__________.

A) Buddhism and Hinduism
B) Buddhism and Christianity
C) Christianity and Judaism
D) Christianity and Hinduism

Question 27

Muslims are concerned about __________ interfering with their ability to maintain the integrity of their way of life.

A) work
B) divorce
C) television
D) the government

Question 28

According to a 2011 poll by ABC News and the Washington Post, what percentage of respondents considered mainstream Islam a peaceful religion?

A) 9%
B) 43%
C) 72%
D) 82%

Question 29

__________ is/are least likely to have a favorable view of Islam.

A) College students
B) Seculars
C) Evangelical Protestants
D) People under 30 years old

Question 30

Amish citizens in __________ would be most likely to vote Republican.

A) Indiana
B) Ohio
C) Pennsylvania
D) Illinois

Question 31

A common aspect of all Amish communities is their __________.

A) beautiful country churches
B) adaptability to modern life
C) high degree of integration and harmony
D) dependence on tourism

Question 32

In order to strengthen the group by removing errant members and silencing ideas which do not conform, the Amish may __________ a member.

A) convert
B) baptize
C) excommunicate
D) shun

Question 33

Symbols of Amish group identity include their __________.

A) clothing
B) monotheistic beliefs
C) specially styled jewelry
D) knowledge of the Russian language

Question 34

The Amish allow __________.

A) conservative behavior from their teenagers
B) adolescent rebelliousness prior to adult church membership
C) their teenagers to date outgroup members
D) educational achievement through high school only

Question 35

__________ is/are identified in the text as an identifying symbol for Rastafarians.

A) Dietary habits
B) Smoking tobacco
C) Using ebonics as a language
D) Refusing to bathe

Question 36

Rastafarians believe themselves to be__________.

A) black Israelites
B) black Muslims
C) black Arabs
D) black Indians

Question 37

I and I is used among Rastafarians to __________.

A) distinguish themselves from other religions
B) denote who is inside and outside of the religion
C) promote equality and oneness with everyone
D) show respect for elders

Question 38

Which is part of the Rastafarian behavior code?

A) An emphasis on frequent cleaning to maintain dreadlocks
B) Using only natural foods without chemical processing
C) Drinking only natural milk, not liquor or soda
D) Using "you" and "me" only when speaking to outgroup members

Question 39

Santeria in the United States today is __________.

A) exclusively followed by Hispanics
B) a highly ethnocentric Cuban religion
C) against any form of animal sacrifice
D) a multi-ethnic, multi-racial, secret religion

Question 40

Hindus are __________.

A) vegetarians
B) polytheistic
C) able to practice another religion simultaneously
D) a minority religious group in every country where they are present

Question 41

Which social caste is considered to be the elite?

A) Brahmins
B) Kshatriyas
C) Vaishyas
D) Sudras

Question 42

In what way can we say that Hinduism is like most Western religions?

A) It originated with a single founder.
B) It reflects a diverse set of practices and philosophical concepts.
C) It has a single system of morality.
D) It has a specific theological system.

Question 43

The pottu or dot on the forehead for Hindus is similar to __________.

A) Christians wearing a cross
B) The nazi swastika
C) The American flag
D) a marriage ceremony

Question 44

__________ is identifiable as an example of "civil religion."

A) "In God We Trust"
B) Biblical literalism
C) The separation of church and state
D) The removal of prayer from schools

Question 45

Controversies over abortion and school prayer __________.

A) once again pit Protestants against Catholics
B) are illustrations of civil religion
C) unite people of many different faiths in a common cause
D) threaten to create deep religious division in the country

Question 46

Creationists' support for a literal interpretation of the Bible puts them in conflict with __________ theory.

A) Feminist
B) Conflict
C) Gravity
D) Evolutionary

Question 47

Martin, defending the institution of religion, argues that religion helps otherwise disparate groups of people to maintain common values and bonds. Martin's views are in line with __________ theory.

A) functionalist
B) conflict
C) interactionist
D) feminist

Question 48

The __________ perspective points to examples from the Amish and Hasidim to show that when minority groups are marginalized, they will simply become even more extreme and separatist.

A) functionalist
B) conflict
C) interactionist
D) feminist

Question 49

David is not a religious person. He thinks dominant religions are simply tools of the powerful to keep other people from challenging the status quo. His views are in line with __________ theory.

A) functionalist
B) conflict
C) interactionist
D) feminist

Question 50

Many groups rely on religion to help them make sense of the world and to interpret both daily and cosmic level events. Jill stresses this meaning making function of religion because she is a(n) __________.

A) functionalist
B) conflict theorist
C) interactionist
D) feminist

Question 51

According to the text, religious differences fan the flames of intense bigotry and acts of mob violence in the United States.

Question 52

The Catholic Church has not rebounded to the levels of participation it held before the sexual scandals in the early 2000s.

Question 53

Protestants were dedicated to keeping Catholics out of office because they would supposedly take their orders from Rome.

Question 54

Anti-Semitic behavior in the United States largely disappeared after World War II.

Question 55

Many Jewish Americans today see religion less as an inherited ethnic identity and more as a personal choice of belief and practice.

Question 56

The discovery of silver in California ended Mormon isolation because their settlement was located along the best route to the California silver mines.

Question 57

The referendum to ban the building of Minarets in Switzerland was passed with 58% of the vote.

Question 58

Most of the Muslims in Switzerland follow the codes of dress and conduct associated with conservative Muslim countries like Saudi Arabia.

Question 59

The Amish typically support social security and all other forms of insurance, believing the country should be responsible for its people.

Question 60

The United States is now probably the most religiously diverse country in the world.

Question 61

Churches in many older New England towns stand in the __________ of the community.

Question 62

The APA struck a responsive chord with many Protestants who were afraid immigrant Catholics would take their __________.

Question 63

One Jewish survey shows that only __________ of Jews in the United States today are "seriously religious."

Question 64

Church officials ask the media to use the term "the Church of Jesus Christ" instead of "__________."

Question 65

For Mormons, Monday is set aside as __________.

Question 66

Most Mormon investments go directly into __________ companies.

Question 67

Devout Muslims eat their food only with the __________ hand.

Question 68

Of the 150 Mosques in Switzerland, __________ conduct the call to prayer.

Question 69

A __________ is a tower attached to Mosques from which a Muezzin or Crier calls the faithful to prayer.

Question 70

__________ is a powerful social control mechanism that enables the Amish to maintain their way of life.

Question 71

What is the role of the clergy in an immigrant group's adjustment to their new home in the United States? Use examples to illustrate your answer.

Question 72

Why do many Protestants fear Catholics in public office?

Question 73

Compare and contrast the first three waves of Jewish immigrants to the United States.

Question 74

What is Minaret? Explain its importance both functionally and symbolically.

Question 75

Explain why the Amish consider adolescence to be the most dangerous period in a person's life and how they handle this period.

Question 76

Discuss the controversy revolving around banning the building of Minarets in Switzerland. Why has this become an issue now?

Question 77

Discuss the role of ganja in the Rastafarian religion.

Question 78

Explain the role of reincarnation in the Hindu faith using examples.

Question 79

Apply the three sociological perspectives to an understanding of religion in U.S. society.